Viruses, Bacteria, and the Microbial Loop

Hewson, Ian; Fuhrman, Jed A.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-372522-6.00025-6

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 277 publications

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“…However, because dissolved N is stable in a variety of chemical forms and oxidation states in aquatic environments, the N cycle is complex and involves feedbacks between various dissolved N pools and the microbes, including phytoplankton and bacteria, that mediate their production, consumption, and transformation. Phytoplankton and bacteria take up both organic N and inorganic N compounds, and the genetic capability for uptake and assimilation of this diverse N pool has recently been confirmed within individual microbes and microbial communities. , On the basis of recent genomic and physiological evidence, it has been hypothesized that cyanate (OCN – ), a reduced N compound, contributes to the N and C requirements of marine microbial communities. − …”

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confidence: 99%

Chromatographic Determination of Nanomolar Cyanate Concentrations in Estuarine and Sea Waters by Precolumn Fluorescence Derivatization

2013

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Recent studies suggest that cyanate (OCN(-)) is a potentially important source of reduced nitrogen (N) available to support the growth of aquatic microbes and, thus, may play a role in aquatic N cycling. However, aquatic OCN(-) distributions have not been previously described because of the lack of a suitable assay for measuring OCN(-) concentrations in natural waters. Previous methods were designed to quantify OCN(-) in aqueous samples with much higher reduced N concentrations (micromolar levels) than those likely to be found in natural waters (nanomolar levels). We have developed a method to quantify OCN(-) in dilute, saline environments. In the method described here, OCN(-) in aqueous solution reacts with 2-aminobenzoic acid to produce a highly fluorescent derivative, 2,4-quinazolinedione, which is then quantified using high performance liquid chromatography. Derivatization conditions were optimized to simultaneously minimize the reagent blank and maximize 2,4-quinazolinedione formation (>90% reaction yield) in estuarine and seawater matrices. A limit of detection (LOD) of 0.4 nM was achieved with only minor matrix effects. We applied this method to measure OCN(-) concentrations in estuarine and seawater samples from the Chesapeake Bay and coastal waters from the mid-Atlantic region. OCN(-) concentrations ranged from 0.9 to 41 nM. We determined that OCN(-) concentrations were stable in 0.2 μm filtered seawater samples stored at -80 °C for up to nine months.

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confidence: 99%

Chromatographic Determination of Nanomolar Cyanate Concentrations in Estuarine and Sea Waters by Precolumn Fluorescence Derivatization

2013

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“…Sediments are a key compartment for the functioning and quality of coastal lagoons by acting as a sink for organic matter ( Hewson and Fuhrman, 2008 ), potentially toxic elements (PTEs) (i.e., metals and metalloids), and inorganic nutrients such as N or P ( Jiménez-Cárceles et al, 2006 ; Sharifuzzaman et al, 2016 ). Conversely, sediments can transfer nutrients and PTEs into the water column by diffusion or when sediment particles are suspended by winds and currents.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Due to the presence of a high nutrient load in sediments, resident microbial communities are usually very dense, reaching up to 10 9 cells/g ( Luna et al, 2002 ; Petro et al, 2019 ), which is 3-4 orders of magnitude higher than microbial densities in the water column ( DeLong et al, 1999 ; Eilers et al, 2000 ). Furthermore, diffusion of O 2 through the sediment is limited ( Hewson and Fuhrman, 2008 ), which leads to redox zoning and changes in microbial metabolism. At the surface, organic matter is oxidized by aerobic microbes that deplete available O 2 ; in deeper layers, anaerobes use alternative electron acceptors such as NO 3 – , MnO 2 , amorphous FeOOH, and SO 4 2– ( Sørensen et al, 1979 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors structuring microbial communities in highly impacted coastal marine sediments (Mar Menor lagoon, SE Spain)

et al. 2022

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Coastal marine lagoons are environments highly vulnerable to anthropogenic pressures such as agriculture nutrient loading or runoff from metalliferous mining. Sediment microorganisms, which are key components in the biogeochemical cycles, can help attenuate these impacts by accumulating nutrients and pollutants. The Mar Menor, located in the southeast of Spain, is an example of a coastal lagoon strongly altered by anthropic pressures, but the microbial community inhabiting its sediments remains unknown. Here, we describe the sediment prokaryotic communities along a wide range of environmental conditions in the lagoon, revealing that microbial communities were highly heterogeneous among stations, although a core microbiome was detected. The microbiota was dominated by Delta- and Gammaproteobacteria and members of the Bacteroidia class. Additionally, several uncultured groups such as Asgardarchaeota were detected in relatively high proportions. Sediment texture, the presence of Caulerpa or Cymodocea, depth, and geographic location were among the most important factors structuring microbial assemblages. Furthermore, microbial communities in the stations with the highest concentrations of potentially toxic elements (Fe, Pb, As, Zn, and Cd) were less stable than those in the non-contaminated stations. This finding suggests that bacteria colonizing heavily contaminated stations are specialists sensitive to change.

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Virus morphological diversity and relationship to bacteria and chlorophyll across a freshwater trophic gradient in the Lake Michigan watershed

2017

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Viruses, Bacteria, and the Microbial Loop

Cited by 7 publications

References 277 publications

Chromatographic Determination of Nanomolar Cyanate Concentrations in Estuarine and Sea Waters by Precolumn Fluorescence Derivatization

Chromatographic Determination of Nanomolar Cyanate Concentrations in Estuarine and Sea Waters by Precolumn Fluorescence Derivatization

Factors structuring microbial communities in highly impacted coastal marine sediments (Mar Menor lagoon, SE Spain)

Virus morphological diversity and relationship to bacteria and chlorophyll across a freshwater trophic gradient in the Lake Michigan watershed

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