Viruses of Economic Impact on Tomato Crops in Mexico: From Diagnosis to Management—A Review

García‐Estrada, Raymundo Saúl; Diaz‐Lara, Alfredo; Aguilar-Molina, Vivian Hayde; Tovar‐Pedraza, Juan Manuel

doi:10.3390/v14061251

Cited by 17 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 96 publications

(115 reference statements)

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“…Nearly all commercial tomato varieties exhibit high resistance to ToMV, so this viral species is not regarded as one of the economically important viruses affecting tomato crops in Mexico [ 87 ]. However, the detection of ToMV variants in all native tomato lines evaluated ( Table 1 ) and the presence of typical symptoms ( Supplementary Figure S1 ) suggest either of the following: (1) the absence of resistance in the evaluated lines or (2) that these ToMV variants overcome the resistance genes the lines may have.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnosis and Characterization of Plant Viruses Using HTS to Support Virus Management and Tomato Breeding

González-Pérez,

Chiquito-Almanza,

Villalobos-Reyes

et al. 2024

Viruses

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Viral diseases pose a significant threat to tomato crops (Solanum lycopersicum L.), one of the world’s most economically important vegetable crops. The limited genetic diversity of cultivated tomatoes contributes to their high susceptibility to viral infections. To address this challenge, tomato breeding programs must harness the genetic resources found in native populations and wild relatives. Breeding efforts may aim to develop broad-spectrum resistance against the virome. To identify the viruses naturally infecting 19 advanced lines, derived from native tomatoes, high-throughput sequencing (HTS) of small RNAs and confirmation with PCR and RT-PCR were used. Single and mixed infections with tomato mosaic virus (ToMV), tomato golden mosaic virus (ToGMoV), and pepper huasteco yellow vein virus (PHYVV) were detected. The complete consensus genomes of three variants of Mexican ToMV isolates were reconstructed, potentially forming a new ToMV clade with a distinct 3’ UTR. The absence of reported mutations associated with resistance-breaking to ToMV suggests that the Tm-1, Tm-2, and Tm-22 genes could theoretically be used to confer resistance. However, the high mutation rates and a 63 nucleotide insertion in the 3’ UTR, as well as amino acid mutations in the ORFs encoding 126 KDa, 183 KDa, and MP of Mexican ToMV isolates, suggest that it is necessary to evaluate the capacity of these variants to overcome Tm-1, Tm-2, and Tm-22 resistance genes. This evaluation, along with the characterization of advanced lines using molecular markers linked to these resistant genes, will be addressed in future studies as part of the breeding strategy. This study emphasizes the importance of using HTS for accurate identification and characterization of plant viruses that naturally infect tomato germplasm based on the consensus genome sequences. This study provides crucial insights to select appropriate disease management strategies and resistance genes and guide breeding efforts toward the development of virus-resistant tomato varieties.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnosis and Characterization of Plant Viruses Using HTS to Support Virus Management and Tomato Breeding

González-Pérez,

Chiquito-Almanza,

Villalobos-Reyes

et al. 2024

Viruses

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Section: Tomvmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnosis of Plant Viruses Using NGS to Support Virus Management and Tomato Breeding

González-Pérez,

Chiquito-Almanza,

Villalobos-Reyes

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Viral diseases pose a significant threat to tomato crops (Solanum lycopersicum L.), one of the world's most economically important vegetable crops. The limited genetic diversity of cultivated tomatoes contributes to their high susceptibility to viral infections. To address this challenge, tomato breeding programs must harness the genetic resources found in native populations and wild relatives. Breeding efforts may aim to develop broad-spectrum resistance against the virome. To identify the viruses naturally infecting 19 advanced lines, derived from native tomatoes, high-throughput sequencing (HTS) of small RNAs and validation by PCR and RT-PCR were used. Single and mixed infections with Tomato mosaic virus (ToMV), Tomato golden mosaic virus (ToGMoV), and Pepper huasteco yellow vein virus (PHYVV) were detected. The complete consensus genomes of three variants of Mexican ToMV isolates were reconstructed, potentially forming a new ToMV clade with a distinct 3' UTR. The absence of reported mutations associated with resistance-breaking to ToMV suggests that the Tm-1, Tm-2, and Tm-22 genes could theoretically be used to confer resistance. However, the high mutation rates and a 63 nucleotide insertion in the 3' UTR of Mexican ToMV isolates suggest the need to evaluate known resistance genes against these viral variants. The precise identification and characterization of viruses that naturally infect tomato germplasm could be used as a strategy for selecting the appropriate disease management and guiding breeding efforts.

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“…Considering that most of these viruses are transmitted by insect vectors, the main agronomic and classic management of viral diseases involves controlling the vector with insecticides and uprooting symptomatic plants or those with sanitary voids to reduce the incidence of the virus [4,5]. However, these controlling methods only reduce the viral effects to some extent and cannot efficiently eliminate tomato virus disease [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances and Prospects of Virus-Resistant Breeding in Tomatoes

Shahriari,

Su,

Zheng

et al. 2023

IJMS

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Plant viruses are the main pathogens which cause significant quality and yield losses in tomato crops. The important viruses that infect tomatoes worldwide belong to five genera: Begomovirus, Orthotospovirus, Tobamovirus, Potyvirus, and Crinivirus. Tomato resistance genes against viruses, including Ty gene resistance against begomoviruses, Sw gene resistance against orthotospoviruses, Tm gene resistance against tobamoviruses, and Pot 1 gene resistance against potyviruses, have been identified from wild germplasm and introduced into cultivated cultivars via hybrid breeding. However, these resistance genes mainly exhibit qualitative resistance mediated by single genes, which cannot protect against virus mutations, recombination, mixed-infection, or emerging viruses, thus posing a great challenge to tomato antiviral breeding. Based on the epidemic characteristics of tomato viruses, we propose that future studies on tomato virus resistance breeding should focus on rapidly, safely, and efficiently creating broad-spectrum germplasm materials resistant to multiple viruses. Accordingly, we summarized and analyzed the advantages and characteristics of the three tomato antiviral breeding strategies, including marker-assisted selection (MAS)-based hybrid breeding, RNA interference (RNAi)-based transgenic breeding, and CRISPR/Cas-based gene editing. Finally, we highlighted the challenges and provided suggestions for improving tomato antiviral breeding in the future using the three breeding strategies.

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Viruses of Economic Impact on Tomato Crops in Mexico: From Diagnosis to Management—A Review

Cited by 17 publications

References 96 publications

Diagnosis and Characterization of Plant Viruses Using HTS to Support Virus Management and Tomato Breeding

Diagnosis and Characterization of Plant Viruses Using HTS to Support Virus Management and Tomato Breeding

Diagnosis of Plant Viruses Using NGS to Support Virus Management and Tomato Breeding

Advances and Prospects of Virus-Resistant Breeding in Tomatoes

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