Visceral adipose tissue is more strongly associated with insulin resistance than subcutaneous adipose tissue in Chinese subjects with pre-diabetes

Liu, Lin; Feng, Jitao; Zhang, Gong; Yuan, Xun; Li, Fan; Yang, Tingting; Hao, Shujie; Huang, Dejian; Hsue, Cunyi; Lou, Qinging

doi:10.1080/03007995.2017.1364226

Cited by 54 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Increasing evidence suggests that the heterogeneity of fat composition and the distribution of adipose tissue can be crucial in the development of insulin resistance and cardiometabolic disruptions [56–58]. Visceral adipose tissue (VAT) has been closely linked to an increasing incidence of insulin resistance [56], T2DM, and a higher risk of cardiovascular disease [59, 60].…”

Section: The Influence Of Obesity On Insulin Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Visceral adipose tissue (VAT) has been closely linked to an increasing incidence of insulin resistance [56], T2DM, and a higher risk of cardiovascular disease [59, 60]. VAT is associated with a high production of pro-inflammatory adipocytokines, oxidative stress, and renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system (RAAS) activation [61, 62].…”

Section: The Influence Of Obesity On Insulin Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%

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Association between insulin resistance and the development of cardiovascular disease

Ormazábal

Nair

Elfeky

et al. 2018

Cardiovasc Diabetol

1,421

950

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For many years, cardiovascular disease (CVD) has been the leading cause of death around the world. Often associated with CVD are comorbidities such as obesity, abnormal lipid profiles and insulin resistance. Insulin is a key hormone that functions as a regulator of cellular metabolism in many tissues in the human body. Insulin resistance is defined as a decrease in tissue response to insulin stimulation thus insulin resistance is characterized by defects in uptake and oxidation of glucose, a decrease in glycogen synthesis, and, to a lesser extent, the ability to suppress lipid oxidation. Literature widely suggests that free fatty acids are the predominant substrate used in the adult myocardium for ATP production, however, the cardiac metabolic network is highly flexible and can use other substrates, such as glucose, lactate or amino acids. During insulin resistance, several metabolic alterations induce the development of cardiovascular disease. For instance, insulin resistance can induce an imbalance in glucose metabolism that generates chronic hyperglycemia, which in turn triggers oxidative stress and causes an inflammatory response that leads to cell damage. Insulin resistance can also alter systemic lipid metabolism which then leads to the development of dyslipidemia and the well-known lipid triad: (1) high levels of plasma triglycerides, (2) low levels of high-density lipoprotein, and (3) the appearance of small dense low-density lipoproteins. This triad, along with endothelial dysfunction, which can also be induced by aberrant insulin signaling, contribute to atherosclerotic plaque formation. Regarding the systemic consequences associated with insulin resistance and the metabolic cardiac alterations, it can be concluded that insulin resistance in the myocardium generates damage by at least three different mechanisms: (1) signal transduction alteration, (2) impaired regulation of substrate metabolism, and (3) altered delivery of substrates to the myocardium. The aim of this review is to discuss the mechanisms associated with insulin resistance and the development of CVD. New therapies focused on decreasing insulin resistance may contribute to a decrease in both CVD and atherosclerotic plaque generation.

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Section: The Influence Of Obesity On Insulin Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Influence Of Obesity On Insulin Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%

Association between insulin resistance and the development of cardiovascular disease

Ormazábal

Nair

Elfeky

et al. 2018

Cardiovasc Diabetol

1,421

950

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Thus, relative to Western populations, abdominal adiposity in Asians may play a bigger role in DM development than BMI, which is related to physical stature. Previous studies of Asians have also indicated that abdominal adiposity plays a more significant role in DM and insulin resistance [10,18,32,33]. The present study aimed to address this issue by using VO 2 peak/FFM as the CRF index, rather than VO 2 peak/BW to avoid confounding from obesity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Visceral fat and cardiorespiratory fitness with prevalence of pre-diabetes/diabetes mellitus among middle-aged and elderly Japanese people: WASEDA’S Health Study

et al. 2020

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The relationships between cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) measurements not confounded by adiposity and the prevalence of pre-diabetes mellitus (pre-DM) and diabetes mellitus (DM) are not well known. Thus, we aimed to investigate the associations of visceral fat (VF) and CRF with the prevalence of pre-DM/DM among Japanese adults. The study included 970 individuals (327 women and 643 men) who were 40-87 years old and had complete health examinations, abdominal fat area, and fitness data from WASEDA'S Health Study during 2015-2018. The VF area was measured using magnetic resonance imaging. CRF was measured using a cycle ergometer and was defined as VO 2 peak divided by fat free mass. The pre-DM/DM was identified based on the questionnaire and fasting blood tests. The odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for prevalence of pre-DM/DM were calculated. Seventy-three participants had pre-DM and 48 participants had DM. Compared to the low VF group, the high VF group had a higher prevalence of pre-DM/DM (OR: 1.87, 95% CI: 1.18-2.96), although no significant relationship was observed between CRF and pre-DM/DM prevalence (P for trend = 0.239). The subgroup analyses also revealed no significant relationship between CRF and pre-DM/DM prevalence in the low VF group (P for trend = 0.979), although CRF values were inversely related to the prevalence of pre-DM/DM in the high VF group (P for trend = 0.024). Although CRF was not independently related to the prevalence of pre-DM/DM after adjusting for adiposity, higher VF values were related to a higher prevalence of pre-DM/DM. In addition, CRF levels were inversely associated with the prevalence of pre-DM/DM only among high VF individuals.

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“…However, the distribution of adipose tissue is an important risk factor correlated with the onset of metabolic syndrome (5). Several studies have suggested that visceral adipose tissue is metabolically and functionally different from subcutaneous adipose tissue and that visceral adipose tissue demonstrates a stronger association with insulin resistance, metabolic disorders, and cardiovascular risks (6‐8).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most of the previous studies have been performed in subcutaneous adipose tissue because of its easier access, but metabolic health status is more tightly associated with visceral adipose tissue than subcutaneous adipose tissue (6,7,9,12). The mass of visceral adipose tissue is significantly higher in IRO than ISO (6). Moreover, many studies have employed insulin sensitivity as an indicator for metabolic health, but it is noteworthy that insulin sensitivity is not equal to metabolic health.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic Health Status Contributes to Transcriptome Alternation in Human Visceral Adipose Tissue During Obesity

Zhou

Gong

et al. 2020

Obesity

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Objective BMI is a well‐established factor affecting the transcriptome profile of adipose tissue, but there are few reports on the relationship between the metabolic health status of people with obesity and the transcriptional changes, particularly in visceral adipose tissue. Methods Visceral adipose tissue was collected from three subgroups of patients, lean (n = 11), metabolically healthy obesity (MHO; n = 22), and metabolically unhealthy obesity (MUO; n = 26), and RNA sequencing was conducted to profile the transcriptome changes between these groups in a pairwise manner. Results Comparing MUO with lean and comparing MHO with lean revealed similar patterns in gene expression and pathway changes: obesity, regardless of metabolic health, was associated with upregulated inflammatory pathways. However, the inflammatory signature in MUO was stronger than in MHO. Pairwise comparisons among MUO, MHO, and lean samples identified 34 common differentially expressed genes; 12 out of 34 genes were associated with inflammatory pathways and exhibited a gradually increased expression pattern in the order of lean, MHO, and MUO. Conclusions This study reveals not only that BMI plays an important role in determining the gene expression profile in visceral adipose tissue but also that a metabolically healthy condition is associated with a less inflammatory transcriptional change during obesity.

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Visceral adipose tissue is more strongly associated with insulin resistance than subcutaneous adipose tissue in Chinese subjects with pre-diabetes

Abstract: Pre-diabetic subjects with insulin resistance had elevated levels of VAT. VAT was more strongly associated with insulin resistance than SAT in Chinese subjects with pre-diabetes.

Cited by 54 publications

References 38 publications

Association between insulin resistance and the development of cardiovascular disease

Association between insulin resistance and the development of cardiovascular disease

Visceral fat and cardiorespiratory fitness with prevalence of pre-diabetes/diabetes mellitus among middle-aged and elderly Japanese people: WASEDA’S Health Study

Metabolic Health Status Contributes to Transcriptome Alternation in Human Visceral Adipose Tissue During Obesity

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