Visceral Adiposity Index

Amato, Marco; Giordano, Carla; Gallucci, M.; Criscimanna, Angela; Vitabile, Salvatore; Midiri, Massimo; Galluzzo, Aldo

doi:10.2337/dc09-1825

Cited by 1,261 publications

(1,203 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…In this study, the VAI proved to be the parameter that most strongly correlates with both insulin sensitivity and hormonal parameters at baseline and also during the GHT, while the other anthropometric (WC, BMI) and metabolic parameters are not, or are only partially, related with them. This finding is in agreement with the well-known strong association between VAI and insulin sensitivity assessed by ISI in the general population [9].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

“…As the surrogate of visceral fat function, the VAI was calculated as described [9] using the following formulas differentiated according to gender, where triglyceridesand HDL-cholesterol levels are expressed in mmol/l:…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been proposed as a reliable marker of adipose tissue function and distribution, independently associated with cardiometabolic risk in the general population [7,8]. The VAI has shown a strong association with the insulin sensitivity degree, evaluated with a euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp, and with the visceral adipose tissue measured with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) [9]. In addition, in healthy subjects fat distribution and function, represented by the VAI, have been found to be correlated with GH levels [10] and these data confirm the close interrelation between adiposity and the GH axis [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The visceral adiposity index is associated with insulin sensitivity and IGF-I levels in adults with growth hormone deficiency

2016

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The visceral adiposity index, based on anthropometric and metabolic parameters, has been shown to be related to adipose tissue function and insulin sensitivity. We aimed to evaluate the performance of the visceral adiposity index in adult patients with growth hormone deficiency. We enrolled 52 patients(mean age 51 ± 13 years) with newly diagnosed growth hormone deficiency and 50 matched healthy subjects as controls at baseline. At baseline and after 12 and 24 months of treatment we evaluated anthropometric measures, lipid profile, glucose and insulin during an oral glucose tolerance test, hemoglobin A1c, homeostasis model assessment estimate of insulin resistance, quantitative insulin sensitivity check index, insulin sensitivity index Matsuda, insulin-like growth factor-I and visceral adiposity index. At baseline growth hormone deficiency patients showed higher waist circumference (p < 0.001), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (p < 0.001) and visceral adiposity index (p = 0.003) with lower insulin sensitivity index (p = 0.007) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (p = 0.001) than controls. During growth hormone treatment we observed a significant increase in insulin-like growth factor-I (p < 0.001), high-density lipoprotein (p < 0.001) with a trend toward increase in insulin sensitivity index (p = 0.055) and a significant decrease in total cholesterol (p < 0.001) and visceral adiposity index (p < 0.001), while no significant changes were observed in other clinical and metabolic parameters. The visceral adiposity index was the only parameter that significantly correlated with growth hormone peak at diagnosis (p < 0.001) and with insulin-like growth factor-I and insulin sensitivity index both at diagnosis (p = 0.009 and p < 0.001) and after 12 (p = 0.026 and p = 0.001) and 24 months (p < 0.001 and p = 0.001) of treatment. The visceral adiposity index, which has shown to be associated with both insulin-like growth factor-I and insulin sensitivity, proved to be the most reliable index of metabolic perturbation, among the most common indexes of adiposity assessment and a marker of benefit during treatment in adult growth hormone deficiency patients.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The visceral adiposity index is associated with insulin sensitivity and IGF-I levels in adults with growth hormone deficiency

2016

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“…The index of central obesity, constructed to account for race‐ and sex‐specific cutoffs for WC reflecting variability in average heights in these populations, was calculated as WC (cm) divided by height (cm) 22. Visceral adiposity index was calculated by (WC/39.68)+(1.88×BMI)×(Triglycerides/1.03)×(1.31/high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol) for men and (WC/36.58)+(1.89×BMI)×(TG/0.81)×(1.52/high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol) for women 23. Obesity was defined as a BMI ≥30 kg/m 2 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic Relation of Changes in Weight and Indices of Fat Distribution With Cardiac Structure and Function: The Dallas Heart Study

Wilner

Garg

Ayers

et al. 2017

JAHA

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BackgroundObesity may increase heart failure risk through cardiac remodeling. Cross‐sectional associations between adiposity and cardiac structure and function have been elucidated, but the impact of longitudinal changes in adiposity on cardiac remodeling is less well understood.Methods and ResultsParticipants in the Dallas Heart Study without cardiovascular disease or left ventricular dysfunction underwent assessment of body weight, anthropometrics, and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging at baseline and 7 years later. Associations between changes in indices of generalized and central adiposity with changes in left ventricular mass, volume, mass/volume ratio (concentricity), wall thickness, and ejection fraction were assessed using multivariable linear regression. The study cohort (n=1262) mean age was 44 years with 57% women, 44% black, and 36% obese participants. At follow‐up, 41% had ≥5% weight gain, and 15% had ≥5% weight loss. Greater weight gain was associated with younger age, lower risk factor burden, and lower body mass index at baseline. In multivariable models adjusting for age, sex, race, comorbid conditions at baseline and follow‐up, baseline adiposity, and cardiac measurement, increasing weight was associated with increases in left ventricular mass (β=0.10, P<0.0001), wall thickness (β=0.10, P<0.0001), and concentricity (β=0.06, P=0.002), with modest effects on end‐diastolic volume (β=0.04, P=0.044) and ejection fraction (β=0.05, P=0.046). Similar results were seen with other adiposity indices.ConclusionsConcentric left ventricular remodeling is the predominant phenotype linked to increasing adiposity in middle age. Our findings support the importance of weight management to prevent secular changes in adiposity, concentric remodeling, and eventual heart failure over time.

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“…More specifically, visceral fat is associated with the production of adipokines that play a key role in the determination of insulin sensitivity and in the initiation and maintenance of subclinical inflammation (8). In this context, visceral adiposity index (VAI)-a novel index derived from anthropometric (BMI and WC) and lipid parameters-has been shown to be associated with visceral adipose tissue and, moreover, with adipokine levels, mainly adiponectin, insulin resistance, and glucose disturbances in adults (12)(13)(14)(15). In addition, this index seems to have predictive value in terms of an increased risk for cardiovascular events (13) and has served as a marker of insulin resistance in several different nosologic entities (16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Does visceral adiposity index signify early metabolic risk in children and adolescents?: Association with insulin resistance, adipokines, and subclinical inflammation

et al. 2013

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Background: Visceral adiposity index (VAI) is a novel gender-specific index based on waist circumference (WC), BMI, and lipid parameters. Although VAI does not actually estimate visceral adiposity, it accurately reflects visceral fat function and insulin resistance. This index has not been studied in children thus far. This study aims to fill this gap. Methods: In a cohort of Saudi children and adolescents, anthropometric measurements and metabolic/hormonal profile were obtained. results: A total of 543 subjects, 292 of whom were boys, were included (mean age: 11.9 ± 3.3 y; BMI: 19.8 ± 5.6 kg/m 2 ). In all subjects, VAI was inferior to BMI and WC regarding its correlations with adiponectin, leptin, insulin resistance (homeostasis model of assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR)), C-reactive protein (CRP) level, and systolic blood pressure, but it exhibited a stronger association with glucose in boys (r = 0.23; P < 0.01). In stepwise multivariate analyses, only BMI was consistent as an independent predictor of adiponectin, leptin, HOMA-IR, and CRP. VAI was the only index independently associated with glucose. conclusion: Although VAI is related to glucose in children, it seems to be inferior to BMI in terms of association with insulin resistance, adipokines, and subclinical inflammation. Until specific studies can be performed in children, VAI should be extrapolated with caution in this age range.

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Visceral Adiposity Index

Cited by 1,261 publications

References 13 publications

The visceral adiposity index is associated with insulin sensitivity and IGF-I levels in adults with growth hormone deficiency

The visceral adiposity index is associated with insulin sensitivity and IGF-I levels in adults with growth hormone deficiency

Dynamic Relation of Changes in Weight and Indices of Fat Distribution With Cardiac Structure and Function: The Dallas Heart Study

Does visceral adiposity index signify early metabolic risk in children and adolescents?: Association with insulin resistance, adipokines, and subclinical inflammation

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