Visceral Afferents Directly Activate Catecholamine Neurons in the Solitary Tract Nucleus

Appleyard, Suzanne M.; Marks, Daniel L.; Kobayashi, Kazuto; Okano, Hideyuki; Low, Malcolm J.; Andresen, Michael

doi:10.1523/jneurosci.3502-07.2007

Cited by 121 publications

(128 citation statements)

References 78 publications

(98 reference statements)

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“…Our laboratory's previous work in horizontal slices found that single medial NTS neurons tend to receive one direct input (monosynaptic) from a single afferent plus additional indirect, ST-activated polysynaptic inputs (7)(8)(9)(10)(11)31). Here, we found no evidence for monosynaptic convergence from multiple, different afferents onto these single neurons.…”

Section: Afferent Pathways To Second-order Neurons In Medial Nts: Evicontrasting

confidence: 77%

“…In the horizontal slice, increments in ST shock intensity are initially ineffectual (subthreshold) and then with increased intensity exceed threshold to consistently evoke EPSCs (6,8,11,12). Once the axon threshold is exceeded, conducted action potentials are intensity independent.…”

Section: St Stimulus Intensity-recruitment Relationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Once the axon threshold is exceeded, conducted action potentials are intensity independent. The all-or-none character of ST intensity-recruitment relations indicates a reliance on activation of single axons impinging on individual neurons (1,8). For testing, shock intensities were finely graded above and below threshold to establish the threshold value for the onset of reliably evoked responses.…”

Section: St Stimulus Intensity-recruitment Relationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The appearance of new ST-synced events or changes in shape of synaptic responses at increased intensity indicated recruitment of additional afferent fibers. These additional synaptic events also exhibited discrete stimulus thresholds and latency characteristics but had high jitter (Ͼ200 s, i.e., polysynaptic) events that were not analyzed (8,12).…”

Section: St Stimulus Intensity-recruitment Relationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparison of baroreceptive to other afferent synaptic transmission to the medial solitary tract nucleus

Andresen

Peters

2008

American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology

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Andresen MC, Peters JH. Comparison of baroreceptive to other afferent synaptic transmission to the medial solitary tract nucleus. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 295: H2032-H2042, 2008. First published September 12, 2008 doi:10.1152/ajpheart.00568.2008.-Cranial nerve visceral afferents enter the brain stem to synapse on neurons within the solitary tract nucleus (NTS). The broad heterogeneity of both visceral afferents and NTS neurons makes understanding afferent synaptic transmission particularly challenging. To study a specific subgroup of second-order neurons in medial NTS, we anterogradely labeled arterial baroreceptor afferents of the aortic depressor nerve (ADN) with lipophilic fluorescent tracer (i.e., ADNϩ) and measured synaptic responses to solitary tract (ST) activation recorded from dye-identified neurons in medial NTS in horizontal brain stem slices. Every ADNϩ NTS neuron received constant-latency STevoked excitatory postsynaptic currents (EPSCs) (jitter Ͻ192 s, SD of latency). Stimulus-recruitment profiles showed single thresholds and no suprathreshold recruitment, findings consistent with EPSCs arising from a single, branched afferent axon. Frequency-dependent depression of ADNϩ EPSCs averaged ϳ70% for five shocks at 50 Hz, but single-shock failure rates did not exceed 4%. Whether adjacent ADNϪ or those from unlabeled animals, other second-order NTS neurons (jitters Ͻ200 s) had ST transmission properties indistinguishable from ADNϩ. Capsaicin (CAP; 100 nM) blocked ST transmission in some neurons. CAP-sensitive ST-EPSCs were smaller and failed over five times more frequently than CAP-resistant responses, whether ADNϩ or from unlabeled animals. Variance-mean analysis of ST-EPSCs suggested uniformly high probabilities for quantal glutamate release across second-order neurons. While amplitude differences may reflect different numbers of contacts, higher frequencydependent failure rates in CAP-sensitive ST-EPSCs may arise from subtype-specific differences in afferent axon properties. Thus afferent transmission within medial NTS differed by axon class (e.g., CAP sensitive) but was indistinguishable by source of axon (e.g., baroreceptor vs. nonbaroreceptor). myelinated; unmyelinated; C-fibers; capsaicin; quantal release; glutamate; convergence VISCERAL AFFERENTS, THE IX and Xth cranial nerves, enter the brain at the solitary tract nucleus (NTS) (5). These afferents provide information for vital homeostatic reflexes that coordinate systemic control of cardiovascular, respiratory, and gastrointestinal function, as well as visceral aspects of integrated satiety, body temperature, neuroendocrine, and stress responses (19,24,41,67). These diverse afferents belong to two broad classes, those with myelinated or unmyelinated axons, and each class distinctively expresses characteristic ion channels and receptors (32,43,48). Patterns of the distribution of afferent fibers outline a loose viscerotopy (46, 52). However, cellular heterogeneity, even within NTS subregions, is substantial and includes varied afferent so...

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Section: Afferent Pathways To Second-order Neurons In Medial Nts: Evicontrasting

confidence: 77%

Section: St Stimulus Intensity-recruitment Relationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: St Stimulus Intensity-recruitment Relationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: St Stimulus Intensity-recruitment Relationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Comparison of baroreceptive to other afferent synaptic transmission to the medial solitary tract nucleus

Andresen

Peters

2008

American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology

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“…The NTS may use glutamate as an essential neurotransmitter to convey ascending satiety signals to the brain (17,18). Within the brain, the PVN and DMH, or other hypothalamic centers involved in food intake behaviors receive projections not only from the NTS but also from neighboring neurons for the integration of various signaling inputs.…”

Section: Not In Wild-type Mice Compensatory Cck Signaling Via Cck-2 mentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional Compensation between Cholecystokinin-1 and -2 Receptors in Murine Paraventricular Nucleus Neurons

Mohammad

Ozaki

Takeuchi

et al. 2012

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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Background: Cholecystokinin (CCK)-1 receptor ligands control satiety. Normal intake behaviors in the receptor gene knock-out mice, however, raise questions for CCK-mediated satiety control. Results: CCK-1 receptor gene knock-out facilitated CCK-2 receptor signaling in the posterior paraventricular nucleus and switched receptor subtypes responsible for satiety control. Conclusion: Synergic interaction between CCK-1 and -2 receptors guarantees regular intakes. Significance: Compensatory receptor functions shed light on CCK-mediated satiety controlling mechanism.

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Comparative localization of colorectal sensory afferent central projections in the mouse spinal cord dorsal horn and caudal medulla dorsal vagal complex

Wang,

Caraballo,

Rychkov

et al. 2023

J of Comparative Neurology

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The distal colon and rectum (colorectum) are innervated by spinal and vagal afferent pathways. The central circuits into which vagal and spinal afferents relay colorectal nociceptive information remain to be comparatively assessed. To address this, regional colorectal retrograde tracing and colorectal distension (CRD)‐evoked neuronal activation were used to compare the circuits within the dorsal vagal complex (DVC) and dorsal horn (thoracolumbar [TL] and lumbosacral [LS] spinal levels) into which vagal and spinal colorectal afferents project. Vagal afferent projections were observed in the nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS), area postrema (AP), and dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus (DMV), labeled from the rostral colorectum. In the NTS, projections were opposed to catecholamine and pontine parabrachial nuclei (PbN)‐projecting neurons. Spinal afferent projections were labeled from rostral through to caudal aspects of the colorectum. In the dorsal horn, the number of neurons activated by CRD was linked to pressure intensity, unlike in the DVC. In the NTS, 13% ± 0.6% of CRD‐activated neurons projected to the PbN. In the dorsal horn, at the TL spinal level, afferent input was associated with PbN‐projecting neurons in lamina I (LI), with 63% ± 3.15% of CRD‐activated neurons in LI projecting to the PbN. On the other hand, at the LS spinal level, only 18% ± 0.6% of CRD‐activated neurons in LI projected to the PbN. The collective data identify differences in the central neuroanatomy that support the disparate roles of vagal and spinal afferent signaling in the facilitation and modulation of colorectal nociceptive responses.

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Visceral Afferents Directly Activate Catecholamine Neurons in the Solitary Tract Nucleus

Cited by 121 publications

References 78 publications

Comparison of baroreceptive to other afferent synaptic transmission to the medial solitary tract nucleus

Comparison of baroreceptive to other afferent synaptic transmission to the medial solitary tract nucleus

Functional Compensation between Cholecystokinin-1 and -2 Receptors in Murine Paraventricular Nucleus Neurons

Comparative localization of colorectal sensory afferent central projections in the mouse spinal cord dorsal horn and caudal medulla dorsal vagal complex

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