Viscoelastic Networks: Forming Cells and Tissues

Corominas-Murtra, Bernat; Petridou, Nicoletta I.

doi:10.3389/fphy.2021.666916

Cited by 38 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 162 publications

(321 reference statements)

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“…Cellular responses to mechanical signals are dependent on the viscoelastic properties of cells, which are largely dependent on the highly dynamic cytoskeleton [ 6 , 7 ]. The viscoelastic properties of the cytoskeleton arise from the properties and dynamic interactions of actin, microtubules, and intermediate fibers [ 8 ]. Intermediate filaments are the most elastic (i.e., the least stiff) and the microtubules are the stiffest component of the cytoskeleton.…”

Section: An Overview Of Cellular Biomechanicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanotransduction at the Plasma Membrane-Cytoskeleton Interface

Uray

2021

IJMS

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Mechanical cues are crucial for survival, adaptation, and normal homeostasis in virtually every cell type. The transduction of mechanical messages into intracellular biochemical messages is termed mechanotransduction. While significant advances in biochemical signaling have been made in the last few decades, the role of mechanotransduction in physiological and pathological processes has been largely overlooked until recently. In this review, the role of interactions between the cytoskeleton and cell-cell/cell-matrix adhesions in transducing mechanical signals is discussed. In addition, mechanosensors that reside in the cell membrane and the transduction of mechanical signals to the nucleus are discussed. Finally, we describe two examples in which mechanotransduction plays a significant role in normal physiology and disease development. The first example is the role of mechanotransduction in the proliferation and metastasis of cancerous cells. In this system, the role of mechanotransduction in cellular processes, including proliferation, differentiation, and motility, is described. In the second example, the role of mechanotransduction in a mechanically active organ, the gastrointestinal tract, is described. In the gut, mechanotransduction contributes to normal physiology and the development of motility disorders.

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Section: An Overview Of Cellular Biomechanicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanotransduction at the Plasma Membrane-Cytoskeleton Interface

Uray

2021

IJMS

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“…The material properties of cells are critical components for cell dynamics ( Barriga and Mayor, 2019 ; Corominas-Murtra and Petridou, 2021 ). Increasing evidence suggested that tissue and cells undergo material property change during morphogenesis ( Petridou and Heisenberg, 2019 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Lateral Epidermis Actively Counteracts Pulling by the Amnioserosa During Dorsal Closure

Zhang

et al. 2022

Front. Cell Dev. Biol.

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Dorsal closure is a prominent morphogenetic process during Drosophila embryogenesis, which involves two epithelial tissues, that is, the squamous amnioserosa and the columnar lateral epidermis. Non-muscle myosin II-driven constriction in the amnioserosa leads to a decrease in the apical surface area and pulls on the adjacent lateral epidermis, which subsequently moves dorsally. The pull by the amnioserosa becomes obvious in an elongation of the epidermal cells, especially of those in the first row. The contribution of the epidermal cell elongation has remained unclear to dorsal closure. Cell elongation may be a mere passive consequence or an active response to the pulling by the amnioserosa. Here, we found that the lateral epidermis actively responds. We analyzed tensions within tissues and cell junctions by laser ablation before and during dorsal closure, the elliptical and dorsal closure stages, respectively. Furthermore, we genetically and optochemically induced chronic and acute cell contraction, respectively. In this way, we found that tension in the epidermis increased during dorsal closure. A correspondingly increased tension was not observed at individual junctions, however. Junctional tension even decreased during dorsal closure in the epidermis. We strikingly observed a strong increase of the microtubule amount in the epidermis, while non-muscle myosin II increased in both tissues. Our data suggest that the epidermis actively antagonizes the pull from the amnioserosa during dorsal closure and the increased microtubules might help the epidermis bear part of the mechanical force.

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“…In vitro cell studies suggest that matching the full mechanical profile of tissues allows for healthy cell cultures, reduced activation of inflammatory cells, and enhanced migration of cells through the material. [29,142,[344][345][346] To recapitulate the viscoelastic nature of tissues, surface electrode arrays must be similarly viscoelastic [29,347] or viscoplastic. [30,43,70,348] However, one complexity is that viscoelastic materials are often difficult to process since they have temperature-dependent behaviors.…”

Section: Summary Current Challenges and Future Surface Arraysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Materials for Implantable Surface Electrode Arrays: Current Status and Future Directions

Tringides

Mooney

2022

Advanced Materials

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with the outermost layer of biological tissues, often spanning a significant surface area. Devices typically have multiple electrodes that aim to monitor and modulate cells and tissues in a minimally invasive manner, using biomaterials designed to evoke minimal inflammatory responses. Applications of Surface Electrode Arrays RecordingBecause surface electrode arrays can record a "snapshot" of the electrical activity at distinct locations, these arrays are useful to monitor the function of a tissue. Though the recordings are typically local field potentials, with electrodes that are small enough to modulate as little of a location as possible while still maintaining a sufficiently high conductivity, single units from individual cells have been reported. Clinically, these recordings are used to map the epicardial surface to identify instances, and potentially mechanisms, of chronic atrial fibrillation, [1] dysfunction of ventricular tachycardia caused by congenital defects, [2] and other abnormal conduction conditions in the cardiac system. Clinical electrocorticogram (ECoG) is used to identify similar functional changes on the cortical surface of the brain, most commonly to identify epileptic focal center(s), or detect seizure activity. [3][4][5][6][7] Other functional uses of ECoG include intraoperative monitoring during tumor resection. [8] A surgeon can ask a patient to perform an activity such as a speech and then identify and avoid the active cortical regions during surgery, to avoid major disruptions to the patient quality of life. StimulationInstead of passively monitoring electrical activity, multielectrode surface arrays can provide electrical current to the underlying tissue and induce a desired excitatory or inhibitory response. The applications for stimulating surface electrode arrays are often therapeutic and include implantable pacemakers, which restore a normal cardiac rhythm by providing external and overriding cues to the cardiomyocytes responsible for establishing a sinus rhythm. [9] Pulses delivered to specific regions of the spinal cord are used to manage chronic pain, [10][11][12] and more recently as a therapy to promote neuronal plasticity in Surface electrode arrays are mainly fabricated from rigid or elastic materials, and precisely manipulated ductile metal films, which offer limited stretchability. However, the living tissues to which they are applied are nonlinear viscoelastic materials, which can undergo significant mechanical deformation in dynamic biological environments. Further, the same arrays and compositions are often repurposed for vastly different tissues rather than optimizing the materials and mechanical properties of the implant for the target application. By first characterizing the desired biological environment, and then designing a technology for a particular organ, surface electrode arrays may be more conformable, and offer better interfaces to tissues while causing less damage. Here, the various materials used in each component of a surface electrode array are first r...

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Viscoelastic Networks: Forming Cells and Tissues

Cited by 38 publications

References 162 publications

Mechanotransduction at the Plasma Membrane-Cytoskeleton Interface

Mechanotransduction at the Plasma Membrane-Cytoskeleton Interface

The Lateral Epidermis Actively Counteracts Pulling by the Amnioserosa During Dorsal Closure

Materials for Implantable Surface Electrode Arrays: Current Status and Future Directions

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