Viscosity Measurements on Gaseous Ethane

Wilhelm, J. O.; Seibt, Daniel; Vogel, E.; Buttig, Daniel; Hassel, Egon

doi:10.1021/je050287l

Cited by 13 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…A special measuring program was arranged to determine the viscosity of natural gas components and of natural gas mixtures to fulfill the needs of the gas industry. In addition to the investigation on propane, the viscosity of methane, , of two natural gases, , and very recently of ethane were determined. The measurements on nitrogen reported in this paper complement this program.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Viscosity Measurements on Nitrogen

et al. 2006

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The viscosity coefficient of gaseous nitrogen was measured with a vibrating-wire viscometer of very high precision. The measurements were performed along the six isotherms of (298.15, 323.15, 348.15, 373.15, 398.15, and 423.15) K and at pressures up to a maximum of 35 MPa. The gas densities needed for the evaluation of the measuring values were calculated using an equation of state by Span et al. (J.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Viscosity Measurements on Nitrogen

et al. 2006

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“…The measuring program on ethane and propane was partly chosen to verify the earlier results of our group reported by Wilhelm et al on ethane as well as by Wilhelm and Vogel on propane. In particular, the new measurements should preferably provide improved data in the near-critical region by using the integrated density measurement.…”

Section: Measurements and Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In particular, the new measurements should preferably provide improved data in the near-critical region by using the integrated density measurement. The older data by Wilhelm et al , were obtained by means of a vibrating-wire viscometer with freely suspended weight and by using density values which were inferred from the measured values for pressure and temperature in combination with an available equation of state. For the comparison with the new viscosity values, the older data were re-evaluated.…”

Section: Measurements and Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Performance tests with measurements on helium and nitrogen were reported by Seibt et al In this paper, new density and viscosity measurements on ethane and propane are evaluated to extend the database for these thermophysical properties. Furthermore, older measurements by Wilhelm et al on ethane and by Wilhelm and Vogel on propane, using the older vibrating-wire viscometer as well as temperature and pressure measurements for the determination of the required density, were re-evaluated. The results have been reported in separate corrections. , The re-evaluation concerns the determination of the wire radius by an improved calibration (see below) as well as the calculation of the density by means of the most recent equation of state in the case of propane .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Simultaneous Viscosity−Density Measurements on Ethane and Propane over a Wide Range of Temperature and Pressure Including the Near-Critical Region

et al. 2011

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An apparatus combining a vibrating-wire viscometer and a single-sinker densimeter was used to provide accurate ηρpT data for four isotherms on ethane at (293.15, 307.15 [ethane 3.5 and 5.0], and 423.15) K and five isotherms on propane at (273.15, 298.15, 366.15, 373.15, and 423.15) K. The maximum pressure was chosen to be about 95 % of the saturated vapor pressure for the subcritical isotherms and 30 MPa at maximum for the supercritical isotherms. The relative uncertainty in the density is estimated to be less than ± 0.1 %, except for the low-density range. Near the critical region, allocation errors for temperature and pressure have a significant impact on the uncertainty of the experimental densities. The density data agree within ± 0.1 %, when comparing them with values calculated from the equations of state by Bücker and Wagner (2006) for ethane and by Lemmon et al. (2009) for propane, excluding the low-density and the near-critical regions. The near-critical isotherms at 307.15 K for ethane and at 373.15 K for propane reveal differences of +2.1 % and +1.2 %, respectively, in accordance with the estimated maximum total uncertainties of the experimental pρT data for these isotherms. The viscosity measurements are characterized by a relative uncertainty of ± (0.25 to 0.3) %, only increased by 0.04 % in the near-critical region due to the allocation errors arising from the temperature and density measurements. The new viscosity data and additionally re-evaluated earlier data of our group are compared with the viscosity surface correlations by Hendl et al. (1994) for ethane and by Scalabrin et al. (2006) for propane as well as with selected experimental data for the low-density region. For ethane, the maximum deviations of the new data exceed the stated uncertainty of ± 2.5 % for the viscosity surface correlation. For propane, the deviations do not exceed ± 0.7 %, except for the near-critical isotherm at 373.15 K. The effect of the critical enhancement became evident for the near-critical isotherms, about 2 % for ethane at 307.15 K and about 1 % for propane at 373.15 K. The new viscosity data should be used to improve the viscosity surface correlations available in the literature.

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“…We tuned these parameters by fitting experimental viscosity data of pure solvents, such as methane (CH 4 ), ethane (C 2 H 6 ), nitrogen gas (N 2 ), and carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) (Boyd 1930;Eakin et al 1962;Padua et al 1994;Evers et al 2002;Wilhelm et al 2006). Table 1 summarizes the tuned parameters.…”

Section: Viscosity Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling of Bitumen-and-Solvent-Mixture Viscosity Data Using Thermodynamic Perturbation Theory

Zirrahi

Abedi

2014

Journal of Canadian Petroleum Technology

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Viscosity is an important transport property for engineering design and simulation of bitumen production and transportation. During the production of bitumen with solvent injection, steamassisted gravity drainage, or expanding solvent steam-assisted gravity drainage, the oil/solvent mixture encounters various temperature and pressure conditions. Therefore, a model is necessary to predict the viscosity of the mixture of bitumen and solvent in wide ranges of temperatures, pressures, and compositions (T-P-x).In this work, we propose a semitheoretical viscosity model based on the Arrhenius mixing rule and considering the effect of association between the molecules of the solvent and the bitumen. To achieve this purpose, thermodynamic perturbation theory (TPT) is used to calculate the fraction of bonding solvent molecules. We calculate the viscosity of the solvent in wide temperature and pressure ranges using the modified Enskog theory (MET).Results show an acceptable agreement between the predictions of this model and experimental viscosity data of bitumen saturated with different solvents (CH 4 , N 2 , CO 2 , and C 2 H 6 ) at various T-P-x ranges. These experimental data cover the typical T-P-x ranges of oil-recovery methods.

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Viscosity Measurements on Gaseous Ethane

Cited by 13 publications

References 27 publications

Viscosity Measurements on Nitrogen

Viscosity Measurements on Nitrogen

Simultaneous Viscosity−Density Measurements on Ethane and Propane over a Wide Range of Temperature and Pressure Including the Near-Critical Region

Modelling of Bitumen-and-Solvent-Mixture Viscosity Data Using Thermodynamic Perturbation Theory

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