Viscosity of food boluses affects the axial force in the esophagus

Gravesen, Flemming; Behan, Niall; Drewes, Asbjørn Mohr; Gregersen, Hans

doi:10.3748/wjg.v17.i15.1982

Cited by 10 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The response to this slower transit was an increase in esophageal contraction amplitude only in the proximal esophagus, when the swallow was performed in the sitting position, which creates a pressure gradient between proximal and distal esophagus and facilitates the bolus flow. Evaluation of esophageal motility in the supine position described that esophageal pressure amplitude did not increase with the bolus viscosity nor with the bolus volume (9) . In supine position, a more intense contraction is needed than in the sitting position to create a pressure gradient between proximal and distal esophagus (14,18) , thus an increase in esophageal contractions was seen for HV and LV bolus.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Swallowing a solid bolus causes an increase in amplitude of contractions and a longer bolus transit through the esophageal body compared to swallows of a liquid bolus (5,10,11,18) . An increase in bolus viscosity causes a slowing of peristaltic contraction propagation (8) , a longer bolus transit (16) and an increase in contraction duration (8,9) , without alteration of contraction amplitude (9) . Another investigation described that contraction amplitude is lower with a viscous bolus than a non viscous bolus, that the influence of the viscosity of the bolus has regional differences and that position (supine or upright) has influence on swallows of a non viscous bolus but not on swallows of a viscous bolus (16) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Swallowed Bolus Viscosity and Body Position on Esophageal Transit, Contraction and Perception of Transit

Dalmazo

Aprile

Dantas

2015

Arq. Gastroenterol.

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-Background -The esophagus has a different response in relation to the characteristics of a swallowed bolus. Bolus viscosity and body position may affect esophageal contraction and transit. Objective -To investigate the effect of bolus viscosity and body position on esophageal contraction, transit and perception. Methods -Esophageal contraction, transit and perception of transit were evaluated in 26 asymptomatic volunteers, 13 men and 13 women aged 18-60 years, mean: 33.6 (12.2) years. Esophageal contraction (manometry) and transit (impedance) were measured with a solid state catheter with sensors located 5, 10, 15, and 20 cm from the lower esophageal sphincter. Each volunteer swallowed in duplicate and in random sequence a 5 mL low viscous (LV) liquid bolus of an isotonic drink with pH 3.3, and a 5 mL high viscous (HV) paste bolus, which was prepared with 7.5 g of instant food thickener diluted in 50 mL of water (pH: 6.4). Results -Total bolus transit time, in the sitting position, was longer with the HV bolus than with the LV bolus. Esophageal transit was longer in the supine position than in the sitting position. Bolus head advance time was longer with the HV bolus than with the LV bolus in both positions. Contraction esophageal amplitude was higher in the supine position than in the sitting position. The perception of bolus transit was more frequent with the HV bolus than with the LV bolus, without differences related to position. Conclusion -The viscosity of the swallowed bolus and body position during swallows has an influence on esophageal contractions, transit and perception of transit.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Swallowed Bolus Viscosity and Body Position on Esophageal Transit, Contraction and Perception of Transit

Dalmazo

Aprile

Dantas

2015

Arq. Gastroenterol.

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“…Human esophageal motility is affected by various factors such as food volume (Hollis and Castell ) and viscosity (Gravesen et al . ), body position during deglutition (Dooley et al . ) and the age (Ferriolli et al .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Human esophageal motility is affected by various factors such as food volume (Hollis and Castell 1975) and viscosity (Gravesen et al 2011), body position during deglutition (Dooley et al 1989) and the age (Ferriolli et al 1996). Previous studies that analyzed swallowing used invasive procedures, such as VF and VMF.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrasound Pulsed Wave Doppler Imaging of the Esophagus Illustrates the Effects of Water Volume on Bolus Kinematics

Gao

Kohyama

2014

Journal of Texture Studies

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This study aimed to elucidate the effects of water volume on flow properties of bolus (passage time and velocities) at the esophagus orifice using ultrasonic pulsed wave Doppler method. Five healthy males and five females were asked to consume 3, 6, 9 and 12 mL water in a single swallow. An ultrasound probe was placed against each subject's neck to observe the flow properties of bolus. The velocity spectra of the bolus at the esophagus orifice were analyzed. Our results revealed that velocity of bolus was easily affected by volume of water, and the passage time and velocities increased as the increase in volume. Practical Applications Ultrasonography, using a medical ultrasound instrument, is an effective method for observing bolus kinematics during swallowing. The velocity spectra of bolus can be visualized for different volume of water using the pulsed wave Doppler method. When a bolus of food is swallowed, aspiration that the bolus partly enters the trachea instead of the esophagus may occur. Water is known to show a high possibility of aspiration. This study revealed that reducing volume of water decreases the passage time and velocities of bolus at the esophageal entrance. Therefore, this technique can be used for designing the texture of food materials for people who experience aspiration or suffocation by food.

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“…Preconditioning behavior was demonstrated in the human esophagus Measurements of axial force generated by primary peristalsis in esophagus provide data that are not demonstrable with manometry alone in healthy subjects and in patients with achalasia . Furthermore, axial force is dependent on viscosity of the bolus …”

Section: Application Of Cardiac Muscle Concepts To the Esophagusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathophysiology and treatment of achalasia in a muscle mechanical perspective

Gregersen

Lo²

2018

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

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This review provides a biomechanical perspective on the pathophysiology and treatment of achalasia. The esophagus is efficient in transporting ingested material to the stomach in healthy subjects. A fine balance exists between the peristaltic forces generated in the esophageal body (which herein is defined as the preload) and the resistance in the outlet, the esophago-gastric junction (which is defined as the afterload). Achalasia is a rare esophageal disease that progressively over many years challenges esophageal efficacy. Clinical features and current literature are interpreted using well-known muscle mechanics models and terms from cardiac mechanophysiology. The preload, afterload, length-tension, and strain softening concepts in particular are useful for understanding the remodeling induced by achalasia. The concepts are also useful in understanding the treatment that aim to reduce the lower esophageal sphincter pressure that does not relax sufficiently in achalasia. These treatments cover endoscopic or laparoscopic myotomy, pneumatic balloon dilation, and Botox injections. In addition to the intended reduction of the afterload for aboral transport of ingested materials, the treatments tend to induce gastroesophageal reflux in some patients because they obliterate an important component in the reflux barrier.

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Viscosity of food boluses affects the axial force in the esophagus

Abstract: This indicates a discrepancy between the physiological functions that can be recorded with axial force measurements and pressure measurements.

Cited by 10 publications

References 24 publications

Effect of Swallowed Bolus Viscosity and Body Position on Esophageal Transit, Contraction and Perception of Transit

Effect of Swallowed Bolus Viscosity and Body Position on Esophageal Transit, Contraction and Perception of Transit

Ultrasound Pulsed Wave Doppler Imaging of the Esophagus Illustrates the Effects of Water Volume on Bolus Kinematics

Pathophysiology and treatment of achalasia in a muscle mechanical perspective

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