ViSHWaS - Violence Study of Healthcare Workers and Systems: A Global Survey-Based Study

Banga, Akshat; Bollu, Bhaswanth; Faisal, Umme Habiba; Amal, Tanya; Mendiratta, Ayushi; Kutikuppala, L. V. Simhachalam; Alamoudi, Razan; Bhatt, Gaurang R.; Lee, Joanna; Simadibrata, Daniel Martin; Huespe, Iván; Khalid, Ammara; Rais, Mohammed Amir; Mautong, Hans; Adhikari, Ramesh; Lakhani, Alisha; Garg, Piyush; Pattnaik, Harsha; Gandhi, Raghu; Pandit, Ramesh; Ahmad, Faizan; Camacho-Leon, Genesis Paola; Ciza, Pierre N; Meza, Kelly; Barrios, Nimsi Marishein; Dhabuliwo, Amuza; Hamza, Hafeez; Nemat, Arash; Essar, Mohammad Yasir; Kampa, Anne; Qasba, Rakhtan K.; Sharma, Prerna; Dutt, Taru; Vekaria, Pratikkumar; Bansal, V.; Nawaz, Faisal A.; Surani, Salim; Kashyap, Rahul

doi:10.2139/ssrn.4272781

Cited by 6 publications

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“…An initial version of the manuscript abstract has been submitted and accepted at The American Thoracic Society International conference in Washington, D.C., in May 2023 [ 17 ]. Furthermore, multiple regional subsets of the ViSHWaS manuscript have been submitted and accepted as abstracts for presentation at various national and international conferences [ 18 - 20 ] and in preprints [ 7 , 21 , 22 ]…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To address this gap, we formulated a survey-based cross-sectional study targeting HCWs around the globe. The Violence Study of Health Care Workers and Systems (ViSHWaS) is the first of its kind, enrolling HCWs worldwide across various professional hierarchies and systems, aimed at understanding the forms and causes of violence in health care settings [ 7 , 8 ]. Our objective here was to report the project management activities, timelines, and various steps for the implementation of the ViSHWaS.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Guiding principles for the conduct of the Violence Study of Healthcare Workers and System (ViSHWaS): Insights from a global survey

Amal,

Banga,

Bhatt

et al. 2024

J Glob Health

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Background Although many studies worldwide have reported on violence against health care workers, there is a lack of homogeneous data for understanding the current state of the issue. Conducting a global survey required a robust team organisation structure, unique dissemination strategies, and continual networking to maintain and propagate the pool of survey collaborators and responders. Here we aimed to describe the strategies that helped us carry out a global survey-based study, the lessons learned, and provide a practical roadmap for future large-scale cross-sectional studies. Methods We conducted this cross-sectional survey-based study from 6 June to 9 August 2022, basing it on the ‘Hub and Spoke’ model, with a single core team and subgroups in different regions managed by country leads. The key steps included team organisation, strategy formulation for survey dissemination and data collection, social media launch, and conducting a post-survey analysis amongst the collaborators. The core team convened weekly via video conference to discuss the modus operandi. The language barrier was managed through audio translation or by shifting to ‘an interviewer-administered’ questionnaire. Results The core team included 11 members from seven countries, followed by 28 country leads from 110 countries. We also gathered 80 regional collaborators who provided feedback and spread the message. The Violence Study of Healthcare Workers and Systems (ViSHWaS) returned 5500 responses globally. Guiding principles garnered through this collaborative project include focusing on effective team organisation, ensuring external validation of survey tool, personalised communication, global networking, timely communication for maintaining momentum, and addressing regional limitations. The post-survey analysis showed that WhatsApp messaging was the most common modality used for survey dissemination, followed by in-person meetings and text messaging. We noted that the successful techniques were direct communication with respondents, regular progress updates, responsiveness to regional and country lead needs, and timely troubleshooting. The most common barriers for the respondents were limitations in language proficiency, technical fallouts, lack of compliance with, and difficulty understanding the questionnaire. Conclusions In this global survey-based study of more than 5500 responses from over 110 countries, we noted valuable lessons in team management, survey dissemination, and addressing barriers to collaborative research.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Guiding principles for the conduct of the Violence Study of Healthcare Workers and System (ViSHWaS): Insights from a global survey

Amal,

Banga,

Bhatt

et al. 2024

J Glob Health

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“…Various subsets of the manuscript have been submitted and accepted as abstracts for presentation at various conferences, including the Society of Critical Care Medicine annual meeting (SCCM 2023) in San Francisco, USA, in January 2023 (also received media coverage); The third Abu Dhabi Integrated Mental Health Conference in Abu Dhabi, UAE, in January 2023; The American Thoracic Society International conference in Washington, DC in May 2023 25–27. An initial version of the manuscript abstract has been submitted and published on the Lancet SSRN preprint platform 28…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 25–27 An initial version of the manuscript abstract has been submitted and published on the Lancet SSRN preprint platform. 28 …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

ViSHWaS: Violence Study of Healthcare Workers and Systems—a global survey

Banga,

Mautong,

Alamoudi

et al. 2023

BMJ Glob Health

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ObjectiveTo provide insights into the nature, risk factors, impact and existing measures for reporting and preventing violence in the healthcare system. The under-reporting of violence against healthcare workers (HCWs) globally highlights the need for increased public awareness and education.MethodsThe Violence Study of Healthcare Workers and Systems study used a survey questionnaire created using Research Electronic Data Capture (REDCap) forms and distributed from 6 June to 9 August 2022. Logistic regression analysis evaluated violence predictors, including gender, age, years of experience, institution type, respondent profession and night shift frequency. A χ2test was performed to determine the association between gender and different violence forms.ResultsA total of 5405 responses from 79 countries were analysed. India, the USA and Venezuela were the top three contributors. Female respondents comprised 53%. The majority (45%) fell within the 26–35 age group. Medical students (21%), consultants (20%), residents/fellows (15%) and nurses (10%) constituted highest responders. Nearly 55% HCWs reported firsthand violence experience, and 16% reported violence against their colleagues. Perpetrators were identified as patients or family members in over 50% of cases, while supervisor-incited violence accounted for 16%. Around 80% stated that violence incidence either remained constant or increased during the COVID-19 pandemic. Among HCWs who experienced violence, 55% felt less motivated or more dissatisfied with their jobs afterward, and 25% expressed willingness to quit. Univariate analysis revealed that HCWs aged 26–65 years, nurses, physicians, ancillary staff, those working in public settings, with >1 year of experience, and frequent night shift workers were at significantly higher risk of experiencing violence. These results remained significant in multivariate analysis, except for the 55–65 age group, which lost statistical significance.ConclusionThis global cross-sectional study highlights that a majority of HCWs have experienced violence, and the incidence either increased or remained the same during the COVID-19 pandemic. This has resulted in decreased job satisfaction.

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“…The Violence Study of Healthcare Workers and Systems (ViSHWaS) utilized a web-based global cross-sectional survey to collect data from healthcare professionals across Kenya. While the original ViSHWAS study encompassed information from over 105 countries, this subgroup analysis delves speci cally into data sourced from Kenya within the overarching global dataset [15].…”

Section: Study Design and Data Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Violence Against Healthcare Workers: ViSHWaS a Cross-Sectional Sub-analysis across the Kenya Region

Shah,

Qasba

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Objective: Global concern exists for workplace violence against healthcare workers (HCWs), especially in low and middle-income nations. This violence includes physical, verbal, or sexual abuse and has a significant impact despite initiatives like Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) guidelines. We conducted a study in Kenya to address this issue. Methods: We did a cross-sectional survey that collected responses during June 6th to August 9th, 2022, focused on healthcare professionals in Kenya within the global ViSHWaS study. Violence against healthcare professionals in multiple Kenyan counties was analysed, The study reached participants through social media, emails, and other channels using a snowball sampling technique. Results: The survey included 1,458 HCWs, primarily females (66.5%), aged 36-45 (42.4%), and of African race, representing 40 counties, with the majority from Nairobi (28.9%) and working in government academic (35.5%) and private academic institutions (20.6%). Most had over 11 years of healthcare experience (64.4%), and registered nurses were the most common cadre (27.8%). Approximately half (49.9%) reported experiencing violence, with verbal violence (80.6%) and emotional abuse (78.6%) being common. Online harassment was reported by only 3.5%, mainly on Facebook (63.2%), involving hate speech (92.1%). Patients or their relatives were the most common aggressors (44.7%), while supervisors accounted for 12.5%. The frequency of violence varied, and 80.2% noted an increase after the COVID-19 pandemic. Only 41.2% of incidents were reported. Most were familiar with safety guidelines (93.6%). Self-violence was associated with familiarity with guidelines, concern about violence, preparedness, and night shifts, while colleague violence was associated with age, gender, race, work experience, training, preparedness, and night shifts. Conclusion: Our Kenya-based cross-sectional sub-analysis highlights that a significant number of HCWs experienced violence, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic, which negatively affected job satisfaction. Although most HCWs were familiar with OSHA guidelines, there were difficulties in their practical implementation.

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ViSHWaS - Violence Study of Healthcare Workers and Systems: A Global Survey-Based Study

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

Guiding principles for the conduct of the Violence Study of Healthcare Workers and System (ViSHWaS): Insights from a global survey

Guiding principles for the conduct of the Violence Study of Healthcare Workers and System (ViSHWaS): Insights from a global survey

ViSHWaS: Violence Study of Healthcare Workers and Systems—a global survey

Violence Against Healthcare Workers: ViSHWaS a Cross-Sectional Sub-analysis across the Kenya Region

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