Visible Changes in Lesion Borders on CT Scan after Five Years Poststroke, and Long-Term Recovery in Aphasia

Naeser, Margaret A.; Palumbo, Carole L.; Prete, Malee N.; Fitzpatrick, Patricia M.; Mimura, Masaru; Samaraweera, Ranji; Albert, Martin L.

doi:10.1006/brln.1997.1866

Cited by 48 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 53 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Parallel with these changes, rodents recover on a skilled motor task that is sensitive to corticospinal function. Such sprouting may explain protracted improvement in function in many humans after lesions to the CNS (1)(2)(3)(4)(5).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Yet, spontaneous improvement in motor, sensory, or other neurological function occurs in 41% of patients who sustain spinal cord injuries (1,2) and in a large proportion of patients with strokes (3,4) and head trauma (5). Although some of this improvement seems to result from rapid resolution of diaschisis (transient disruption of electrical transmission) or from functional compensation (use of uninjured systems to compensate for injured pathways) (6,7), a significant proportion of functional recovery occurs over a more protracted time period of several weeks to months.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Spontaneous corticospinal axonal plasticity and functional recovery after adult central nervous system injury

Weidner

Ner

Salimi

et al. 2001

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

496

346

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Although it is believed that little recovery occurs after adult mammalian spinal cord injury, in fact significant spontaneous functional improvement commonly occurs after spinal cord injury in humans. To investigate potential mechanisms underlying spontaneous recovery, lesions of defined components of the corticospinal motor pathway were made in adult rats in the rostral cervical spinal cord or caudal medulla. Following complete lesions of the dorsal corticospinal motor pathway, which contains more than 95% of all corticospinal axons, spontaneous sprouting from the ventral corticospinal tract occurred onto medial motoneuron pools in the cervical spinal cord; this sprouting was paralleled by functional recovery. Combined lesions of both dorsal and ventral corticospinal tract components eliminated sprouting and functional recovery. In addition, functional recovery was also abolished if dorsal corticospinal tract lesions were followed 5 weeks later by ventral corticospinal tract lesions. We found extensive spontaneous structural plasticity as a mechanism correlating with functional recovery in motor systems in the adult central nervous system. Experimental enhancement of spontaneous plasticity may be useful to promote further recovery after adult central nervous system injury. Many central nervous system (CNS) lesions lead to functional deficits that fail to improve over time. Yet, spontaneous improvement in motor, sensory, or other neurological function occurs in 41% of patients who sustain spinal cord injuries (1, 2) and in a large proportion of patients with strokes (3, 4) and head trauma (5). Although some of this improvement seems to result from rapid resolution of diaschisis (transient disruption of electrical transmission) or from functional compensation (use of uninjured systems to compensate for injured pathways) (6, 7), a significant proportion of functional recovery occurs over a more protracted time period of several weeks to months. This protracted recovery phase results in restitution of original patterns of the disrupted function, often at a less complete level compared with the preinjured state. However, mechanisms underlying long-term recovery are unknown.The existence of spontaneous recovery over longer time periods raises the possibility that intrinsic structural rearrangements may occur after injury to the adult mammalian CNS. Previous studies have demonstrated that lesions of adult sensory and motor cortex, hippocampus, or red nucleus are followed by compensatory collateral sprouting of axons (8-16), although these compensatory changes have not been correlated with functional recovery.The present study examined mechanisms underlying recovery after lesions of an important motor system in animals, the corticospinal projection to the spinal cord. The corticospinal system was examined because of its well-defined anatomical and functional properties (17-19), its relevance to human injury, and its frequent targeting in efforts to promote regeneration after injury (20-24). The corticospinal tract (CST...

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Spontaneous corticospinal axonal plasticity and functional recovery after adult central nervous system injury

Weidner

Ner

Salimi

et al. 2001

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

496

346

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Aphasia severity was determined by the Boston Diagnostic Aphasia Examination (BDAE: Goodglass & Kaplan, 1983) on at least two test sessions: mean time postonset for test session one (T 1 ) was 4 months and for test session two (T 2 ), 103 months. Lesion size was determined according to the method of Naeser et al (1998). We evaluated independently the two components of the Hollingshead Socioeconomic Status (SES) Scale (Hollingshead, 1977) to distinguish the potential effects of educational level and occupational status.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Socioeconomic Status on Aphasia Severity and Recovery

et al. 2001

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…However, few studies have followed aphasics longer than 1 or 2 years after stroke. Naeser et al [20] found improvement in naming scores and phrase length from 1 year after stroke to 5 and 12 years after. Fitzpatrick et al [21] reported that chronic aphasia patients could continue to improve in their picture-naming ability even 5 and 15 years after stroke.…”

Section: Time Course Of Aphasiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Variability in recovery from aphasia

Lazar

Antoniello

2008

Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep

109

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Clinicians have long recognized the enormous variability of recovery among patients with aphasia. Accordingly, the identification of specific factors most important in determining the extent of recovery has been the subject of many investigations. Yet, the reasons for two patients of the same age, nearly identical clinical presentations, and similar MRI findings having completely dissimilar recoveries are still unknown. It remains difficult for a clinician to make a valid prognosis of language recovery in an individual patient. This article provides a review of aphasia-recovery research and a framework for approaching the variability of recovery in clinical practice.

show abstract

Visible Changes in Lesion Borders on CT Scan after Five Years Poststroke, and Long-Term Recovery in Aphasia

Cited by 48 publications

References 53 publications

Spontaneous corticospinal axonal plasticity and functional recovery after adult central nervous system injury

Spontaneous corticospinal axonal plasticity and functional recovery after adult central nervous system injury

Effect of Socioeconomic Status on Aphasia Severity and Recovery

Variability in recovery from aphasia

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About