Visible light initiating systems for photopolymerization: status, development and challenges

Shao, Jianzhong; Huang, Yi; Fan, Qinguo

doi:10.1039/c4py00072b

Cited by 234 publications

(173 citation statements)

References 135 publications

(103 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

173

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…19,20 Many other photocontrolled radical polymerization systems have since been reported, primarily as derivatives of the abovementioned RDRP techniques 14,21−29 with each offering a particular set of associated benefits and limitations including the type of catalyst used (metal or organic), the range of polymerizable monomers, and the wavelength of irradiation required for activation. 16,30,31 It has been previously established that ultraviolet (UV) light can induce radical polymerizations through the photochemical activation of thio-containing compounds. 32−38 For thiocarbonylthio compounds, UV irradiation can lead to fragmentation of the weak C−S bond adjacent to the photoactive CS moiety, 39,40 resulting in the generation of a reactive carboncentered radical as well as a more stable sulfur-centered radical.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visible Light Mediated Controlled Radical Polymerization in the Absence of Exogenous Radical Sources or Catalysts

et al. 2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The application of external stimuli such as light to induce controlled radical polymerization reactions has important implications in the field of materials science. In this study, the photoactivation of trithiocarbonates (TTCs) (i.e., conventional RAFT agents) by visible light (∼460 nm) is investigated, and the ability of TTCs to control radical polymerization under visible light in the complete absence of exogenous photoinitiators or catalysts is demonstrated for the first time. By selectively exciting the spin-forbidden n → π* electronic transition, polyacrylates and polyacrylamides of low dispersity and high end group fidelity were obtained. In addition, this approach allows for the efficient synthesis of well-defined linear, (multi)block, and network (co)polymers. This study demonstrates the versatility of our strategy to generate polymers with controllable properties by visible light, which may be highly useful for applications such as surface patterning.

show abstract

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visible Light Mediated Controlled Radical Polymerization in the Absence of Exogenous Radical Sources or Catalysts

et al. 2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Photopolymerizations can be initiated in various ways, such as through radical, cationic, or even anionic processes. Many photoinitiating systems that act at a UV, visible, or even near IR region have been developed. Since UV wavelengths require higher energy and can cause skin and eye damage, there is a great deal of interest in extending the photoactivation of polymerizations to the visible range.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visible Light Induced Cationic Polymerization of Epoxides by Using Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes

Sangermano

Rodriguez

González

et al. 2018

Macromol. Rapid Commun.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The visible light induced cationic polymerization of epoxides can be achieved by means of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), which act as visible light photoinitiators via a radical-induced cationic photopolymerization process. When MWCNTs are irradiated with longer wavelengths (above 400 nm), they generate carbon radicals, by means of hydrogen abstraction from the epoxy monomer; these radicals are oxidized in the presence of iodonium salt to a carbocation that is sufficiently reactive to start the cationic ring-opening polymerization of an epoxy monomer. These mechanisms have been supported by electron paramagnetic resonance analysis.

show abstract

“…A c c e p t e d M a n u s c r i p t 29 Current investigations in this area are driven by the development of new initiating systems working under visible light [307,308]. Indeed, systems with low energy requirement have become a matter of concern in the scope of green chemistry.…”

Section: Page 29 Of 163mentioning

confidence: 99%

Control of reactions and network structures of epoxy thermosets

Vidil¹,

Tournilhac²,

Musso

et al. 2016

Progress in Polymer Science

312

252

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Recent advances in macromolecular chemistry have revolutionized the way we perceive the synthesis of polymers. Polymerization, to be modern, must be "controlled", which usually means capable of producing macromolecules of well-defined structure. The purpose of this review is to examine how the chemistry of epoxy resins, an almost century-old chemistry, is also involved in this movement. Epoxy resins are characterized by both the flexibility of implementation and the qualities of the polymers obtained. Key materials in health-, mobility-and energy related technologies, these resins are heavily present in high-performance composites, electronic boards, adhesives and coatings. Currently, a large number of resins and hardeners are available on the market or described in the literature and an interesting point is that almost any combination of the two is possible. Common to all these recipes and processes is that a liquid (or soluble) resin at some point becomes insoluble and solid. It is very important to know how to manage this transition, physically known as the gel point, as it is the point after which the shape of the object is irreversibly set. Taking into account the variety of epoxy polymerization processespolyaddition, anionic or cationic polymerization-we detail a number of methods to program the occurrence of the gel point and how this type of control affects the structure of the growing network.

show abstract

Visible light initiating systems for photopolymerization: status, development and challenges

Abstract: A review of recent advances in visible light initiating systems using free radical, cationic and hybrid photoinitiators is presented.

Cited by 234 publications

References 135 publications

Visible Light Mediated Controlled Radical Polymerization in the Absence of Exogenous Radical Sources or Catalysts

Visible Light Mediated Controlled Radical Polymerization in the Absence of Exogenous Radical Sources or Catalysts

Visible Light Induced Cationic Polymerization of Epoxides by Using Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes

Control of reactions and network structures of epoxy thermosets

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About