Visual and auditory abnormalities in patients with nonsegmental vitiligo

Ocular manifestations of vitiligo: a systematic review

“…Lerner (1979) [ 6 ] Karadag, R., et al (2016) [ 16 ] Fouad, Y.A., et al(2020) [ 20 ] El-Mofty, A.M. and A. El-Mofty (1979) [ 17 ] Khurrum, H., K.M. AlGhamdi, & E. Osman (2016) [ 21 ] Mostafa W.Z., et al (2015) [ 18 ] Gass, J.D. (1981) [ 19 ] Iris Atrophy & Pigmentary Abnormalities Several studies reported findings of iris atrophy and/or pigmentary abnormalities [ 6 , 7 , 16 , 20 , 22 – 25 ].…”

“… Cowan, C.L., Jr., et al(1986) [ 22 ] Khurrum, H., K.M. AlGhamdi, & E. Osman (2016) [ 21 ] Biswas, G., et al (2003) [ 23 ] Fleissig, E., et al (2018) [ 24 ] Retina & Choroid Several studies reported normal fundal examinations in patients with vitiligo [ 17 , 18 , 21 , 28 ]. Nevertheless, observed choroid pigment abnormalities in vitiligo patients included prominent choroidal pattern (36%) [ 6 ] and tigroid retina (9.8%) [ 16 ].…”

“…The results of studies utilizing electroretinography (ERG) in vitiligo patients were varied. While some studies reported normal ERG results with no significant change in wave amplitudes and wave implicit times [ 18 , 32 ], others reported ERG findings suggestive of impaired retinal electrophysiological function in vitiligo patients [ 19 , 29 , 33 ]. Shoeibi et al concluded that the mean rod response b-wave, standard combined a- and b-waves, single-flash cone response b-wave and the 30-Hz flicker (N1-P1) amplitudes were significantly lower in vitiligo patients compared to age-matched healthy controls [ 33 ].…”

“…& G. Olakunle (2005) [ 5 ] Karadag, R., et al (2016) [ 16 ] Cowan, C.L., Jr., et al(1986) [ 22 ] Fouad, Y.A., et al(2020) [ 20 ] Aydin, R., et al (2018) [ 29 ] El-Mofty, A.M. and A. El-Mofty (1979) [ 17 ] Khurrum, H., K.M. AlGhamdi, & E. Osman (2016) [ 21 ] Biswas, G., et al (2003) [ 23 ] Fleissig, E., et al (2018) [ 24 ] Wagoner, M.D., et al (1983) [ 30 ] Shoeibi, N., et al (2014) [ 33 ] Gopal, K.V.T., et al (2007) [ 7 ] Lerner, A.B., J.J Nordlund, & D.M Albert (1977) [ 25 ] Mehran, G., et al (2014) [ 34 ] Mostafa W.Z., et al (2015) [ 18 ] Perossini, M., et al (2010) [ 28 ] Shoeibi, N., et al (2016) [ 32 ] Gass, J.D. (1981) [ 19 ]…”

“…Several studies reported normal fundal examinations in patients with vitiligo [ 17 , 18 , 21 , 28 ]. Nevertheless, observed choroid pigment abnormalities in vitiligo patients included prominent choroidal pattern (36%) [ 6 ] and tigroid retina (9.8%) [ 16 ].…”