Visual and non-visual behaviors of the rat after neonatal and adult posterior neocortical lesions

Bauer, Jennifer; Hughes, Kenneth

doi:10.1016/0031-9384(70)90247-7

Cited by 22 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…When the rats were trained by the classical procedure, our results were in accordance with those of numerous previous experiments (Bauer & Hughes, 1970;Bland & Cooper, 1969;Braun et aI., 1970;Lashley, 1931;Spear & Barbas, 1975;Thompson, 1969); they showed that rats after one-step damage to the visual cortex fail to relearn the H-V task. In general, our results in the brightness (B-W) and pattern (H-V) discrimination tasks using the classical training procedure in normal, unilateral, and bilateral (serially or simultaneously lesioned) rats replicated results of previous studies (Barbas & Spear, 1976;Bauer & Cooper, 1964;Bland & Cooper, 1969;Braun et al, 1970;Dru et aI., 1975aDru et aI., , 1975bGlendenning, 1972;Hamilton & Trichler, 1968;Lashley, 1931Lashley, , 1935Lashley, , 1937Le Vere & Morlock, 1973;Meyer et aI., 1966;Petrinovich & Bliss, 1966;Petrinovich & Carew, 1969;Scheff et aI., 1977;Spear & Barbas, 1975;Thompson, 1960Thompson, , 1969.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Recovery of visual pattern discrimination by rats without visual cortex when trained by fading procedure

et al. 1982

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The effects of two training and two surgical procedures on the recovery of a visual pattern discrimination were compared in rats with visual cortex damage (areas 17, 18, and 18a). Normal control subjects and rats with serial or simultaneous visual cortex lesions were first trained on a brightness (black vs. white) discrimination task and then on a pattern (horizontal vs. vertical stripes) discrimination task by either classical or fading procedures. The rats' performance in the preoperative, interoperative, and postoperative stages of training were compared. Rats with serial lesions showed postoperative savings in the brightness task and relearned the pattern discrimination task when trained by either the fading or the classical method. Serially lesioned subjects presented fewer errors to criterion when trained by the fading procedure than when trained by the classical procedure. Rats with simultaneous lesions showed no savings on the brightness discrimination task and all of the subjects in this group relearned the pattern discrimination task when trained by the fading procedure. Simultaneously lesioned subjects trained to a maximum of 750 trials using the classical method did not relearn the pattern discrimination task, except for one subject. Interaction between the surgical and training variables is discussed.It has long been known that, after simultaneous bilateral removal of the visual cortex (areas 17, 18, and 18a, as defined by Krieg, 1946aKrieg, , 1946b or all the posterior half of the cortex, rats are able to relearn a black vs. white (B-W) brightness discrimination task

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Recovery of visual pattern discrimination by rats without visual cortex when trained by fading procedure

et al. 1982

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“…1965), or else abolished or seriously retarded it (e.g., Bauer & Hughes, 1970;Bland & Cooper, 1970). The results of Experiment i indicated that neither proposition may be correct.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…However, differences in visual behaviour between infant-operated animals and normals have been reported. Although Tsang (1937) found that the rat's visual form perception was less impaired by early than by late striate damage, more recent evidence (Bauer & Hughes, 1970;Bland & Cooper, 1970) indicates that rats operated on in infancy do not learn a horizontal us vertical striation discrimination within double the number of trials taken by normals. Bauer and Hughes (1970) suggest that their findings differ from those of earlier studies with the cat, not because of differences in the size of lesions (which were extensive in both the Bauer and Hughes and the Bland and Cooper studies), but rather because they studied a different species.…”

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confidence: 99%

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The effects of neonatal striate lesions and visual experience on form discrimination in the rat.

Tees¹

1975

Canadian Journal of Psychology / Revue canadienne de psychologi

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In two experiments the behaviour of light-and dark-reared infant-and adult-operated striate rats was compared on four discrimination tasks and a variety of related transfer and discrimination reversal tests. Infant-operated Tats learned all of the discriminations significantly faster and with less failure than did adult-operated animals. Post-operative rearing condition was not found to play a significant role in this performance difference due to age of operation. Though results of transfer tests for neonatal striate animals were comparable to those of controls, results of initial discrimination (and reversal) revealed significant differences in performance between infant operates and control groups. These results are discussed in terms of specification of the nature of the partial "recovery" of sensory and non-sensory functions by the neonatal operate.THE EFFECT OF ABLATION of the visual neocortex on form discrimination seems relatively clear. Although there is evidence that striate rats (Cowey & Weiskrantz, 1971; Mize, Wetzel & Thompson, 1971), cats (Spear & Braun, 1969), and primates (Pasik, Pasik, & Schilder, 1969) can respond to some aspects of contour information under optimal conditions, and with extensive post-operative training, most form and pattern discriminations cannot be learned by striate rat, cat, or primate (Lashley, 1935; Kliiver, 1941;Smith, 1938). Some studies, however, have not yielded the impairments cited above. These appear to show that large, appropriately placed sensory lesions result in little or no deficit if the operations are performed when die animals are very young. The observation that animals operated on in infancy show substantially less impairment than animals operated on as adults has been reported by a number of investigators, using several different species and lesions (e.g., Stewart & Riesen, 1972). For example, striate cats operated on within a few days of birth can discriminate patterns and forms as well as normals when tested at maturity (Doty, 1961; Wetzel, Thompson, Horel, & Meyer, 1965). Bauer and Hughes (1970) have tested the depth

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“…While extensive lesions in the striate and extrastriate cortex eliminate normal performance on visual pattern discrimination tasks regardess of age at time of surgery (in rats: Bauer & Hughes, 1970;Thompson, 1970;and cats: Doty, 1973), the remaining tectothalamocortical system may eventually allow solution of visual discrimination tasks if relevant luminosity cues are available (in rats: Bauer & Cooper, 1964;and cats: Cornwell & Overman, 1981). The geniculocortical and tecto-thalamocortical systems are not functionally redundant; however, in certain testing situations the latter system seems capable of functionally compensating for damage to the former.…”

Section: Does Functional Redundancy Underwrite Behavioral Sparing?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of the caudate nucleus in recovery from neonatal mediofrontal cortex lesions in the rat

Vicedomini

Isaac

Nonneman

1984

Developmental Psychobiology

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Ablation of medial prefrontal cortex impairs spatial discrimination learning in adult but not in neonatally lesioned rats. Orbital prefrontal cortex and adjacent convexity neocortex need not be left intact to observe this sparing of function. This study examined the possibility that the caudate nucleus, remaining intact after early medial prefrontal cortex lesions, might be involved in the observed behavioral sparing. Neonatal rats given combined lesions of the medial prefrontal cortex and head of the caudate nucleus were compared to age/litter-matched sham-operated controls on spatial alternation and place response acquisition and "reversal" tests. The results show that the performance of these neonatally lesioned subjects was deficient on both tests. The discussion centers on possible recovery mechanisms in rats given prefrontothalamic system damage early in life.

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Visual and non-visual behaviors of the rat after neonatal and adult posterior neocortical lesions

Cited by 22 publications

References 24 publications

Recovery of visual pattern discrimination by rats without visual cortex when trained by fading procedure

Recovery of visual pattern discrimination by rats without visual cortex when trained by fading procedure

The effects of neonatal striate lesions and visual experience on form discrimination in the rat.

Role of the caudate nucleus in recovery from neonatal mediofrontal cortex lesions in the rat

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