Visual appearance of the virtual hand affects embodiment in the virtual hand illusion

Pyasik, Maria; Tieri, Gaetano; Pia, Lorenzo

doi:10.1038/s41598-020-62394-0

Cited by 50 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…Embodiment depends on the quality of certain factors such as appearance or point of view in the VR environment [ 20 ]. Some studies suggested that the detailed appearance of the body contributed to the construction of the body image in VR [ 21 ]. Kim also demonstrated the importance of the correspondence between the properties of the real human body and the adaptation made in VR to obtain the best possible incarnation and therefore the best illusion [ 22 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of virtual reality visual feedback on the illusion of movement induced by tendon vibration of wrist in healthy participants

Franc¹,

Fleury

Cogné³

et al. 2020

PLoS ONE

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Introduction Illusion of movement induced by tendon vibration is an effective approach for motor and sensory rehabilitation in case of neurological impairments. The aim of our study was to investigate which modality of visual feedback in Virtual Reality (VR) associated with tendon vibration of the wrist could induce the best illusion of movement. Methods We included 30 healthy participants in the experiment. Tendon vibration inducing illusion of movement (wrist extension, 100Hz) was applied on their wrist during 3 VR visual conditions (10 times each): a moving virtual hand corresponding to the movement that the participants could feel during the tendon vibration (Moving condition), a static virtual hand (Static condition), or no virtual hand at all (Hidden condition). After each trial, the participants had to quantify the intensity of the illusory movement on a Likert scale, the subjective degree of extension of their wrist and afterwards they answered a questionnaire. Results There was a significant difference between the 3 visual feedback conditions concerning the Likert scale ranking and the degree of wrist’s extension (p<0.001). The Moving condition induced a higher intensity of illusion of movement and a higher sensation of wrist’s extension than the Hidden condition (p<0.001 and p<0.001 respectively) than that of the Static condition (p<0.001 and p<0.001 respectively). The Hidden condition also induced a higher intensity of illusion of movement and a higher sensation of wrist’s extension than the Static condition (p<0.01 and p<0.01 respectively). The preferred condition to facilitate movement’s illusion was the Moving condition (63.3%). Conclusions This study demonstrated the importance of carefully selecting a visual feedback to improve the illusion of movement induced by tendon vibration, and the increase of illusion by adding VR visual cues congruent to the illusion of movement. Further work will consist in testing the same hypothesis with stroke patients.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of virtual reality visual feedback on the illusion of movement induced by tendon vibration of wrist in healthy participants

Franc¹,

Fleury

Cogné³

et al. 2020

PLoS ONE

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“…The visual representation of the hands also contributes to the embodiment as seen in the work of Pyasik et al [13], which shows us that a realistic hand representation feels slightly more ownership over the hand than a fake hand representation. However, an object or no hand looking like a selector had the participants feel minor ownership.…”

Section: B Visual Representation Of the Handsmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…To prevent a possible uncanny valley effect by having realistic bodies with inconsistent realism [44], [45], which might occur with transparency and changing the hand color, we choose to use a glove type of representation for the hands instead of a realistic version. A non-realistic hand but yet still hand looking like representation barely affects the sense of ownership over the hand [10], [13], [14] and therefore will not influence the test results.…”

Section: Visual Aspect Of the Handmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Semi-Transparent and Interpenetrable Hands on Object Manipulation in Virtual Reality

Veldhuizen

Yang

2021

IEEE Access

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Manipulating objects with the hand is a common task in Virtual Reality (VR). However, some issues can occur during these manipulations. Occlusion is one issue that happens when the virtual hand covers an object, and therefore the perception of that object is hindered. Semi-transparent hands could solve this problem. Another issue is the difficulty of delicate hand object manipulation. By using interpenetrable hands, turning off the physics of the hands, this difficulty might decrease. Still, there is a lack of research into how significant the impact is while using these methods. In this paper, with the designs of semi-transparent hands and interpenetrable hands, we present the results of our conducted user study focusing on the effect of semi-transparent and interpenetrable hands on hand object manipulation tasks in virtual reality. The user study includes a VR environment where participants are asked to perform tasks. These tasks are recorded in objective results of accuracy and speed. Afterwards, they fill out a questionnaire about their opinion on the difficulty while using the different methods in which the subjective findings are recorded. Additionally, we improved the semi-transparent hands by adding a feature that smoothly transitions the hand from opaque to semi-transparent. As an input device, we used the Leap Motion Controller (LMC) for this user study. However, any hand tracking sensor that tracks hands from the VR headset's point of view could be used. Semi-transparent and interpenetrable hands have shown significant improvement for precise manipulation, which was verified by user feedback from the questionnaire and the data from the tasks.

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“…Body continuity is a significant factor in the strength of the rubber hand illusion that was not implemented in our setup but may have increased the strength of the illusion (Perez-Marcos et al, 2012;Tieri et al, 2015). The level of realism and congruence in appearance can also impact the strength of the illusion, with gender (Schwind et al, 2017), race (Lira et al, 2017), and overall appearance (Pyasik et al, 2020) each impacting measurements of sense of embodiment when manipulated. We would have likely increased the strength of the illusion along with its impact on sense of embodiment if we had added a wrist and arm to the virtual hand, along with improving the realistic appearance of the hand and adjusting its gender and race for each participant.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Grasping Embodiment: Haptic Feedback for Artificial Limbs

et al. 2021

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Upper-limb prostheses are subject to high rates of abandonment. Prosthesis abandonment is related to a reduced sense of embodiment, the sense of self-location, agency, and ownership that humans feel in relation to their bodies and body parts. If a prosthesis does not evoke a sense of embodiment, users are less likely to view them as useful and integrated with their bodies. Currently, visual feedback is the only option for most prosthesis users to account for their augmented activities. However, for activities of daily living, such as grasping actions, haptic feedback is critically important and may improve sense of embodiment. Therefore, we are investigating how converting natural haptic feedback from the prosthetic fingertips into vibrotactile feedback administered to another location on the body may allow participants to experience haptic feedback and if and how this experience affects embodiment. While we found no differences between our experimental manipulations of feedback type, we found evidence that embodiment was not negatively impacted when switching from natural feedback to proximal vibrotactile feedback. Proximal vibrotactile feedback should be further studied and considered when designing prostheses.

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Visual appearance of the virtual hand affects embodiment in the virtual hand illusion

Cited by 50 publications

References 59 publications

Influence of virtual reality visual feedback on the illusion of movement induced by tendon vibration of wrist in healthy participants

Influence of virtual reality visual feedback on the illusion of movement induced by tendon vibration of wrist in healthy participants

The Effect of Semi-Transparent and Interpenetrable Hands on Object Manipulation in Virtual Reality

Grasping Embodiment: Haptic Feedback for Artificial Limbs

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