Visual Attention and Action

Neumann, Odmar

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-75348-0_9

Cited by 73 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…However, in our view (Cisek, 2007;Cisek and Kalaska, 2010), these may not be functionally distinct. It has been suggested that selective attention serves as an early mechanism for action selection (Allport, 1987;Neumann, 1990;Tipper et al, 1998), and that both are facets of the same biased competition occurring throughout the dorsal visuomotor stream (Duncan, 2006;Cisek, 2007). Indeed, it has been shown that microstimulation in a putatively motor region of frontal cortex can influence processing in visual cortex (Armstrong et al, 2006), demonstrating a strong link between attention and action selection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neural Correlates of Biased Competition in Premotor Cortex

Pastor-Bernier¹,

Cisek²

2011

J. Neurosci.

174

177

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It has been proposed that whenever an animal faces several action choices, their neural representations are processed in parallel in frontoparietal cortex and compete in a manner biased by any factor relevant to the decision. We tested this hypothesis by recording single-unit activity in dorsal premotor cortex (PMd) while a monkey performed two delayed center-out reaching tasks. In the one-target task, a single target was presented and its border style indicated its reward value. The two-target task was the same except two targets were presented and the value of each was varied. During the delay period of the one-target task, directionally tuned PMd activity showed no modulation with value. In contrast, during the two-target task, the same neurons showed strong effects of the value associated with their preferred target, always in relation to the value of the other target. Furthermore, the competition between action choices was strongest when targets were furthest apart. This angular distance effect appeared in neural activity as soon as cells became tuned, while modulation by relative value appeared much later. All of these findings can be reproduced by a computational model which suggests that decisions between actions are made through a biased competition taking place within a sensorimotor map of potential actions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neural Correlates of Biased Competition in Premotor Cortex

Pastor-Bernier¹,

Cisek²

2011

J. Neurosci.

174

177

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“…This stimulus is then identified or perceived in the focal vision, obtaining the information regarding "what it is" (Moreno, Ávila, & Damas, 2001). The detection of the stimulus in the peripheral vision may be considered as an automatic process and allows a parallel processing of all input signals in the visual sensorial memory (Neumann, 1990). The results of this process determine those aspects of the scene that require more attention in the focal vision.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visual behaviour of tennis coaches in a court and video-based conditions. (Análisis del comportamiento visual de entrenadores de tenis en situaciones de pista y videoproyección.)

Moreno¹,

Romero²,

Vaíllo³

et al. 2006

Rev. int. cienc. deporte

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Visual behaviour of tennis coaches in a court and Visual behaviour of tennis coaches in a court and video-based conditions. video-based conditions. Análisis del comportamiento visual de entrenadoresAnálisis del comportamiento visual de entrenadores de tenis en situaciones de pista y videoproyección. de tenis en situaciones de pista y videoproyección. Este estudio analiza el comportamiento visual realizado por entrenadores de tenis, con diferente nivel de experiencia, cuando observan segundos servicios liftados en situaciones de videoproyección y campo durante un proceso de detección de errores. Se empleó el sistema de seguimiento de la mirada ASL SE5000 para la recogida de datos y posterior análisis de los puntos de fijación visual sobre la escena que los entrenadores observaron. Se desarrolló un diseño experimental de medidas repetidas con tres tomas de datos (A-B-A´): una situación de videoproyección en laboratorio (2D), una situación en pista (3D) y otra nueva situación en laboratorio (2D´).Los entrenadores experimentados realizaron un menor número de fijaciones visuales que los entrenadores noveles en todas las situaciones de medida. Entre las dos situaciones en videoproyección, los entrenadores realizaron fijaciones visuales más largas en la segunda de ellas, con mayores diferencia obtenidas en el grupo de entrenadores experimentados. Ambos grupos realizaron el mayor número de fijaciones visuales sobre el miembro superior, con valores superiores sobre esta localización para el grupo de entrenadores noveles. Si la localización con mayor tiempo de fijación visual fue el miembro superior, la localicen que menos tiempo recibió fue la bola. El número de fijaciones visuales realizadas por ambos grupos disminuyó a medida que se sucedieron las situaciones de medida. Las dos variables que fueron más sensibles al efecto de la dimensionalidad de la escena fueron el número de fijaciones visuales sobre el brazo que sostiene la raqueta y el tiempo de fijación visual sobre el miembro superior. This study analyses the visual behaviour performed by tennis coaches with different levels of experience, when they shown a second top-spin serves in a video-based and court situations during a performance error detection process. The ASL SE5000 eye tracking system was used to detect and record the point of gaze in the visual field. Three experimental measures were carried out (A-B-A'): a two-dimensional situation in a laboratory (2D), a three-dimensional situation on court (3D) and another two-dimensional situation in a laboratory conditions (2D'). R e s u m e nThe visual fixations performed by the expert coaches were lesser than the novice ones in all conditions. Between the two video-based conditions, the coaches performed longer visual fixations in the second one, with greater differences in the experienced group. Both groups performed the highest number of visual fixations on the upper body, with higher scores by the novice group. The location with longer fixation time was the upper body, whereas the location with shorter fixat...

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“…Recent developments in attentional theory [e.g., Allport, 1987Allport, , 1988Neumann, 1984Neumann, , 1987Neumann, , 1990aNeumann, , 1992 have also cast doubt on the possibility of any strict distinction between procedural (unconscious) and declarative (conscious) knowledge. Neumann [1990a], for example, distinguishes between the field of consciousness and the focus of consciousness:…”

Section: Expressed Itmentioning

confidence: 99%

How to Grow a Baby: A Reevaluation of Image-Schema and Piagetian Action Approaches to Representation

Müller

Overton²

1998

Human Development

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This essay examines the development of representational thought from two divergent perspectives: (a) Mandler’s image-schema theory, and (b) an action-theoretical approach fundamentally derived from Piaget’s theory. Juxtaposition of the two approaches highlights conceptual problems that are inherent in image-schema theory but become resolved through an action-theoretical approach. Empirical studies in the domains of early concept development, object permanence, causality, and memory are critically reviewed with emphasis on the question of the interpretive validity of findings suggesting an early onset of mental representation. It is concluded that the empirical findings fail to support the hypotheses of early onset, and that representational development is more adequately interpreted within the context of an action-theoretical approach. Finally, the analysis examines the role of the divergent metatheoretical assumptions that contextualize image-schema theory and action theory in the understanding of the development of mental representation.

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Visual Attention and Action

Cited by 73 publications

References 38 publications

Neural Correlates of Biased Competition in Premotor Cortex

Neural Correlates of Biased Competition in Premotor Cortex

Visual behaviour of tennis coaches in a court and video-based conditions. (Análisis del comportamiento visual de entrenadores de tenis en situaciones de pista y videoproyección.)

How to Grow a Baby: A Reevaluation of Image-Schema and Piagetian Action Approaches to Representation

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