Visual copy &amp; paste for procedurally modeled buildings by ruleset rewriting

Barroso, Santiago; Besuievsky, Gonzalo; Patow, Gustavo

doi:10.1016/j.cag.2013.01.003

Cited by 19 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Patow [2012] proposes a system based on a graph-based interpretation of a grammar's set of rules. In follow-up work [Barroso et al 2013], complex graph-rewriting is further explored, which could be adapted to CGA++. Finally, several language extensions exist that primarily target specific applications such as creating interconnected structures [Krecklau and Kobbelt 2011] or assisting lighting design [Schwarz and Wonka 2014].…”

Section: Related Variants and Extensions Of Cga Shapementioning

confidence: 99%

Advanced procedural modeling of architecture

Schwarz

Müller

2015

ACM Trans. Graph.

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a) Multi-shape coordination (b) Boolean operations (c) Advanced context sensitivity (d) Best of several alternativesFigure 1: Our novel grammar language CGA++ enables many advanced procedural modeling scenarios not possible with previous solutions (top; bottom: ours), as exemplified with a grammar for residential suburban buildings comprising a main house, a wing, and a garage, and allowing different configurations of these. (a) With CGA++, modeling decisions can be coordinated across multiple shapes, e.g., to guarantee that overall exactly one door is created. (b) CGA++ enables operations involving multiple shapes, such as Boolean operations. Hence, masses can be merged to avoid overlapping geometries, allowing, e.g., one roof covering the whole building. (c) Generic contextual information can be obtained and acted on in CGA++, whereas previous solutions at best support a narrow set of context sensitivity. While they only allow canceling windows partially occluded, CGA++ additionally enables consistently adjusting all top floor windows. (d) Traditionally, only one alternative can be pursued during one specific derivation. CGA++, however, makes it possible to investigate multiple ones and choose the best of them. On a corner lot, the building grammar may fail if it executes only one option stochastically, and the selected one causes the garage to end up on an irregular footprint. CGA++ allows all options to be explored, robustly evading such failure cases. AbstractWe present the novel grammar language CGA++ for the procedural modeling of architecture. While existing grammar-based approaches can produce stunning results, they are limited in what modeling scenarios can be realized. In particular, many contextsensitive tasks are precluded, not least because within the rules specifying how one shape is refined, the necessary knowledge about other shapes is not available. Transcending such limitations, CGA++ significantly raises the expressiveness and offers a generic and integrated solution for many advanced procedural modeling problems. Pivotally, CGA++ grants first-class citizenship to shapes, enabling, within a grammar, directly accessing shapes and shape trees, operations on multiple shapes, rewriting shape (sub)trees, and spawning new trees (e.g., to explore multiple alternatives). The new linguistic device of events allows coordination across multiple shapes, featuring powerful dynamic grouping and synchronization. Various examples illustrate CGA++, demonstrating solutions to previously infeasible modeling challenges.

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Section: Related Variants and Extensions Of Cga Shapementioning

confidence: 99%

Advanced procedural modeling of architecture

Schwarz

Müller

2015

ACM Trans. Graph.

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“…In [77], a partitioning method was proposed to generate city blocks controlled by user specifications, relying on guidelines capable of ensuring geometric plausibility for the subsequent modeling of buildings. Later, other authors [78] implemented a visual, interactive, and intuitive system to perform copy and paste of rule sets for procedurally-modeled buildings. More recently, performance issues have been addressed [79,80] through the combination of shape-grammars' flexibility with the performance capabilities of the graphics processing unit (GPU) to generate large-scale virtual cities composed of building hulls, much faster than all previous works.…”

Section: Approaches Relying On or Including Procedural Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Procedural Modeling of Buildings Composed of Arbitrarily-Shaped Floor-Plans: Background, Progress, Contributions and Challenges of a Methodology Oriented to Cultural Heritage

et al. 2019

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Virtual models’ production is of high pertinence in research and business fields such as architecture, archeology, or video games, whose requirements might range between expeditious virtual building generation for extensively populating computer-based synthesized environments and hypothesis testing through digital reconstructions. There are some known approaches to achieve the production/reconstruction of virtual models, namely digital settlements and buildings. Manual modeling requires highly-skilled manpower and a considerable amount of time to achieve the desired digital contents, in a process composed by many stages that are typically repeated over time. Both image-based and range scanning approaches are more suitable for digital preservation of well-conserved structures. However, they usually require trained human resources to prepare field operations and manipulate expensive equipment (e.g., 3D scanners) and advanced software tools (e.g., photogrammetric applications). To tackle the issues presented by previous approaches, a class of cost-effective, efficient, and scarce-data-tolerant techniques/methods, known as procedural modeling, has been developed aiming at the semi- or fully-automatic production of virtual environments composed of hollow buildings exclusively represented by outer façades or traversable buildings with interiors, either for expeditious generation or reconstruction. Despite the many achievements of the existing procedural modeling approaches, the production of virtual buildings with both interiors and exteriors composed by non-rectangular shapes (convex or concave n-gons) at the floor-plan level is still seldomly addressed. Therefore, a methodology (and respective system) capable of semi-automatically producing ontology-based traversable buildings composed of arbitrarily-shaped floor-plans has been proposed and continuously developed, and is under analysis in this paper, along with its contributions towards the accomplishment of other virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) projects/works oriented to digital applications for cultural heritage. Recent roof production-related enhancements resorting to the well-established straight skeleton approach are also addressed, as well as forthcoming challenges. The aim is to consolidate this procedural modeling methodology as a valuable computer graphics work and discuss its future directions.

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“…In recent years, graph-based procedural modeling systems became popular, e.g. [Pat12,SEBC15,BBP13]. Another idea is the generation of procedural sub-models that can be interacted with as separate components [LHP11,KK12].…”

Section: Previous Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Local Editing of Procedural Models

Lipp¹,

Specht²,

Lau³

et al. 2019

Computer Graphics Forum

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Procedural modeling is used across many industries for rapid 3D content creation. However, professional procedural tools often lack artistic control, requiring manual edits on baked results, diminishing the advantages of a procedural modeling pipeline. Previous approaches to enable local artistic control require special annotations of the procedural system and manual exploration of potential edit locations. Therefore, we propose a novel approach to discover meaningful and non‐redundant good edit locations (GELs). We introduce a bottom‐up algorithm for finding GELs directly from the attributes in procedural models, without special annotations. To make attribute edits at GELs persistent, we analyze their local spatial context and construct a meta‐locator to uniquely specify their structure. Meta‐locators are calculated independently per attribute, making them robust against changes in the procedural system. Functions on meta‐locators enable intuitive and robust multi‐selections. Finally, we introduce an algorithm to transfer meta‐locators to a different procedural model. We show that our approach greatly simplifies the exploration of the local edit space, and we demonstrate its usefulness in a user study and multiple real‐world examples.

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Visual copy & paste for procedurally modeled buildings by ruleset rewriting

Cited by 19 publications

References 15 publications

Advanced procedural modeling of architecture

Advanced procedural modeling of architecture

Procedural Modeling of Buildings Composed of Arbitrarily-Shaped Floor-Plans: Background, Progress, Contributions and Challenges of a Methodology Oriented to Cultural Heritage

Local Editing of Procedural Models

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