Visual cortex damage-induced growth of retinal axons into the lateral posterior nucleus of the cat

Payne, Bertram R.; Foley, Heather; Lomber, Stephen G.

doi:10.1017/s0952523800005435

Cited by 24 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…In these animals, the increased projection was limited to the region where the maximal cortico-LP projection is normally detected (Payne et al, 1993). Based on the present results, we would predict that retino-LP arbors in the latter cases should have a very different morphology from that described by us and previous studies (Kalil and Schneider, 1975;Crain and Hall, 1980a,c,d) after tectal lesions.…”

Section: Factors Influencing the Distribution And Morphology Of Retinsupporting

confidence: 49%

Target‐ as well as source‐derived factors direct the morphogenesis of anomalous retino‐thalamic projections

1997

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Neonatal tectal lesions in hamsters result in the elimination of a major central target of retinal axons, massively denervate the lateral posterior nucleus of the thalamus (LP), and lead to a marked increase of the retino-LP projection. In such animals, retino-LP axons show all of the normally-occurring terminal types. In addition, large clusters of varicosities, whose tubular configuration resembles the major type of tecto-LP terminals observed in normal animals, are also noted if the tectal lesion is made on the day after birth (P1). If, however, the neonatal lesion occurs on P5 rather than on P1, terminals resembling normal tecto-LP endings are rarely observed; rather, the distribution and morphology of retino-LP terminals bear a greater resemblance to those seen in normal hamsters, but the size and complexity of the terminals, particularly those that form string-like arrangements, is significantly increased. Our findings suggest that the altered morphology of some abnormally induced retino-LP terminals may be orchestrated by target-associated signals. However, there are age-related limitations on the degree to which afferent systems can vary their terminal morphology; these restrictions may derive from the target, or may be a function of intrinsic changes within the cells of origin of the afferent fibers.

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Section: Factors Influencing the Distribution And Morphology Of Retinsupporting

confidence: 49%

Target‐ as well as source‐derived factors direct the morphogenesis of anomalous retino‐thalamic projections

1997

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“…Furthermore, removal of V1 at an early age is accompanied by relative sparing of visual loss compared to the same lesion in adults (Moore et al, 1996; Gross et al, 2004). It is possible that this phenomenon is due to presentation of a comparatively more robust retinal input to the pulvinar nucleus, as previously observed in kittens following ablation of area 17/18 (Labar et al, 1981; Payne et al, 1993), and sparing of specific cell subpopulations (calbindin-D28k-immunopositive) in the degenerated zone of LGN that may project to area MT (Rodman et al, 2001). This evidence could be indicative of driver input to area MT from the pulvinar nucleus and the LGN during early life which is altered following the critical period.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

Retinal afferents synapse with relay cells targeting the middle temporal area in the pulvinar and lateral geniculate nuclei

2010

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Considerable debate continues regarding thalamic inputs to the middle temporal area (MT) of the visual cortex that bypass the primary visual cortex (V1) and the role they might have in the residual visual capability following a lesion of V1. Two specific retinothalamic projections to area MT have been speculated to relay through the medial portion of the inferior pulvinar nucleus (PIm) and the koniocellular layers of the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN). Although a number of studies have demonstrated retinal inputs to regions of the thalamus where relays to area MT have been observed, the relationship between the retinal terminals and area MT relay cells has not been established. Here we examined direct retino-recipient regions of the marmoset monkey (Callithrix jacchus) pulvinar nucleus and the LGN following binocular injections of anterograde tracer, as well as area MT relay cells in these nuclei by injection of retrograde tracer into area MT. Retinal afferents were shown to synapse with area MT relay cells as demonstrated by colocalization with the presynaptic vesicle membrane protein synaptophysin. We also established the presence of direct synapes of retinal afferents on area MT relay cells within the PIm, as well as the koniocellular K1 and K3 layers of the LGN, thereby corroborating the existence of two disynaptic pathways from the retina to area MT that bypass V1.

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“…Following removal of visual cortex at birth, there is a general reorganization of the retino-geniculo-cortical pathway that involves an enhancement of the original projection to LS from small gamma cells in the C-layers of the LGN, and the addition of a projection from large, presumably alpha, relay cells located in both the A-and C-layers of the nucleus (see Kalil, 1984 for review). In addition, more recent work by Payne et al (1993) has indicated that neonatal removal of visual cortex can lead to the formation of a novel projection from the retina to the lateral posterior nucleus (LP), which also has been shown to project to LS (Symonds et al, 1981;Raczkowski and Rosenquist, 1983;Kalil et al, 1991).…”

Section: Retinal Development Following Neonatal Removal Of Visual Cortexmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Of particular significance then is whether this additional cell loss might have involved primarily beta cells in the area centralis, the region where Ault et al (1993) found the greatest increase in alpha cell soma size. The work of Kalil (1984) and Payne et al (1993) indicate that following lesions of areas 17, 18, and 19, the novel and enhanced projections to LS and LP are to regions of those nuclei that represent central retina. In addition, Payne et al (1992) note that following lesions of areas 17 and 18 at different postnatal ages, the first beta cells to become resistant to the cortical lesion are those located in the area centralis.…”

Section: Retinal Development Following Neonatal Removal Of Visual Cortexmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dendritic field development of retinal ganglion cells in the cat following neonatal damage to visual cortex: Evidence for cell class specific interactions

1998

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A well-known feature of the mammalian retina is the inverse relation that exists in central and peripheral retina between the density of retinal ganglion cells and their dendritic field sizes. Functionally, this inverse relation is thought to represent a means by which retinal coverage is maintained, despite significant changes in ganglion cell density. While it is generally agreed that the dendritic fields of mature retinal ganglion cells reflect, in part, competitive interactions that occur during development, the issue of whether these interactions are cell class specific remains unclear. In order to examine this question, we used intracellular staining techniques and an in vitro, living retina preparation to compare the soma and dendritic field sizes of alpha and beta ganglion cells from normal retinae with those of cells located in matched areas of retinae in which the density of beta ganglion cells had been reduced selectively by neonatal removal of visual cortex areas 17, 18, and 19. Our intracellular data show that while an early, selective, reduction in beta cell density has little or no effect on the cell body and dendritic field sizes of mature alpha cells, it results in a 13% increase in the mean soma area and an 83% increase in the mean dendritic field area of surviving beta cells. This differential effect suggests that the soma and dendritic field sizes of alpha and beta ganglion cells in the mature cat retina result primarily from competitive interactions during development that are cell class specific.

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Visual cortex damage-induced growth of retinal axons into the lateral posterior nucleus of the cat

Cited by 24 publications

References 26 publications

Target‐ as well as source‐derived factors direct the morphogenesis of anomalous retino‐thalamic projections

Target‐ as well as source‐derived factors direct the morphogenesis of anomalous retino‐thalamic projections

Retinal afferents synapse with relay cells targeting the middle temporal area in the pulvinar and lateral geniculate nuclei

Dendritic field development of retinal ganglion cells in the cat following neonatal damage to visual cortex: Evidence for cell class specific interactions

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