Visual cortical receptive fields in monkey and cat: Spatial and temporal phase transfer function

Hamilton, David B.; Albrecht, Duane G.; Geisler, Wilson S.

doi:10.1016/0042-6989(89)90186-7

Cited by 109 publications

(102 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…In these studies, the tuning curves of neurons to various stimulus dimensions (e.g., orientation, motion direction) were multiplicatively scaled by attention. Multiplicative interactions have also been observed between different stimulus dimensions (Tolhurst, 1973;Tolhurst and Movshon, 1975;Holub and Morton-Gibson, 1981;Albrecht and Hamilton, 1982;Sclar and Freeman, 1982;Skottun et al, 1987;Hamilton et al, 1989;Friend and Baker, 1993;McLean and Palmer, 1994;Geisler and Albrecht, 1997), suggesting that attentional and sensory inputs may be processed in a similar manner (McAdams and Maunsell, 1999). That attention does not change the shape of the neuronal kernel is supported by a recent study that found attention had a multiplicative effect on the psychophysically measured perceptual filter in humans performing a visual detection task (Eckstein et al, 2002).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Attentional Modulation of Motion Integration of Individual Neurons in the Middle Temporal Visual Area

Cook

Maunsell²

2004

J. Neurosci.

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We examined how spatially directed attention affected the integration of motion in neurons of the middle temporal (MT) area of visual cortex. We recorded from single MT neurons while monkeys performed a motion detection task under two attentional states. Using 0% coherent random dot motion, we estimated the optimal linear transfer function (or kernel) between the global motion and the neuronal response. This linear kernel filtered the random dot motion across direction, speed, and time. Slightly less than one-half of the neurons produced reasonably well defined kernels that also tended to account for both the directional selectivity and responses to coherent motion of different strengths. This subpopulation of cells had faster, more transient, and more robust responses to visual stimuli than neurons with kernels that did not contain well defined regions of integration. For those neurons that had large attentional modulation and produced well defined kernels, we found attention scaled the temporal profile of the transfer function with no appreciable shift in time or change in shape. Thus, for MT neurons described by a linear transfer function, attention produced a multiplicative scaling of the temporal integration window.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Attentional Modulation of Motion Integration of Individual Neurons in the Middle Temporal Visual Area

Cook

Maunsell²

2004

J. Neurosci.

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“…Application of the inverse Fourier transform to the averaged amplitude function and the spatial phase function produced a 1D spatial profile along the axis perpendicular to the fixed envelope orientation. The relationship between response phases and spatial phases of a linear filter has been derived (Hamilton et al 1989).…”

Section: Reconstruction Of the Center-surround Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…In general, if stimulated by sinusoidal gratings of various spatial frequencies drifted at a given temporal frequency, a linear filter shows responses that are also sinusoidally modulated at the same temporal frequency. Amplitude and phase of these temporal-frequency components form frequency-transfer functions that fully determine spatiotemporal profiles of the filter (Hamilton et al 1989). Therefore by fitting the DOG models to measured transfer functions for the contrast envelopes, we specified the center-surround structures for each recorded neuron.…”

Section: Reconstruction Of the Center-surround Structuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surround Suppression of V1 Neurons Mediates Orientation-Based Representation of High-Order Visual Features

Tanaka

Ohzawa²

2009

Journal of Neurophysiology

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Tanaka H, Ohzawa I. Surround suppression of V1 neurons mediates orientation-based representation of high-order visual features. J Neurophysiol 101: 1444 -1462, 2009. First published December 31, 2008 doi:10.1152/jn.90749.2008. Neurons with surround suppression have been implicated in processing high-order visual features such as contrast-or texture-defined boundaries and subjective contours. However, little is known regarding how these neurons encode high-order visual information in a systematic manner as a population. To address this issue, we have measured detailed spatial structures of classical center and suppressive surround regions of receptive fields of primary visual cortex (V1) neurons and examined how a population of such neurons allow encoding of various high-order features and shapes in visual scenes. Using a novel method to reconstruct structures, we found that the center and surround regions are often both elongated parallel to each other, reminiscent of ON and OFF subregions of simple cells without surround suppression. These structures allow V1 neurons to extract high-order contours of various orientations and spatial frequencies, with a variety of optimal values across neurons. The results show that a wide range of orientations and widths of the high-order features are systematically represented by the population of V1 neurons with surround suppression.

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“…Recent theoretical and neurophysiological studies (DeAngelis et al 1993a,b;Hamilton et al 1989;McLean et al 1994; Reid et al 1991;Tolhurst and Dean 1991) pointed out that the origin of direction selectivity can be related to the linear space-time receptive ®eld structure of simple cells. A large class of simple cells shows a very speci®c space-time behavior in which the spatial phase of the receptive ®eld changes gradually as a function of time.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An architectural hypothesis for direction selectivity in the visual cortex: the role of spatially asymmetric intracortical inhibition

Sabatini

Solari

1999

Biological Cybernetics

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Abstract. Within a linear ®eld approach, an architectural model for simple cell direction selectivity in the visual cortex is proposed. The origin of direction selectivity is related to recurrent intracortical interactions with a spatially asymmetric character along the axis of stimulus motion. No explicit asymmetric temporal mechanisms are introduced or adopted. The analytical investigation of network behavior, carried out under the assumption of a linear superposition of geniculate and intracortical contributions, shows that motion sensitivity of the resulting receptive ®elds emerges as a dynamic property of the cortical network without any feed-forward direction selectivity bias. A detailed analysis of the eects of the architectural characteristics of the cortical network on directionality and velocityresponse curves was conducted by systematically varying the model's parameters. IntroductionRecent theoretical and neurophysiological studies (DeAngelis et al. 1993a,b;Hamilton et al. 1989;McLean et al. 1994; Reid et al. 1991;Tolhurst and Dean 1991) pointed out that the origin of direction selectivity can be related to the linear space-time receptive ®eld structure of simple cells. A large class of simple cells shows a very speci®c space-time behavior in which the spatial phase of the receptive ®eld changes gradually as a function of time. This results in receptive ®eld pro®les that tilt along an oblique axis in the space-time domain (i.e., they are space-time inseparable). Accurate estimates of the velocity components to which the cell is selective (the preferred speed of motion) can be derived by measuring the slope of oriented receptive ®eld subregions in the space-time domain. Since lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) cells do not exhibit tilted subregions, the origin of space-time inseparability must take place within the striate cortex. In general, the construction of inseparable simple-cell receptive ®elds implies a position-dependent alteration of the temporal response characteristics of the aerent inputs, presumably associated with cortical circuits characterized by asymmetric architectural schemes in space and/or time (for a review, see Koch and Hildreth 1987). Several models have been proposed. Some postulate the combination of spatially oset geniculate receptive ®elds with dierent temporal dynamics (Mastronarde 1987;Saul and Humphrey 1990;Wimbauer et al. 1994Wimbauer et al. , 1997. Others assume intracortical interactions among separable simple-cell receptive ®elds, possibly mediated by cortical interneurons (Ganz 1984;Ru et al. 1987;Sillito 1977;Somers et al. 1995). Most models, however, do not consider explicit recurrent asymmetric intracortical processes, and furthermore, a clear distinction between the roles of purely spatial and purely temporal mechanisms has not yet been made.In this paper, we point out that a purely spatial asymmetry is sucient to generate directional selectivity when spatially asymmetric contributions arise through recurrent intracortical inhibitory circuits. Therefore, the spac...

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Visual cortical receptive fields in monkey and cat: Spatial and temporal phase transfer function

Cited by 109 publications

References 52 publications

Attentional Modulation of Motion Integration of Individual Neurons in the Middle Temporal Visual Area

Attentional Modulation of Motion Integration of Individual Neurons in the Middle Temporal Visual Area

Surround Suppression of V1 Neurons Mediates Orientation-Based Representation of High-Order Visual Features

An architectural hypothesis for direction selectivity in the visual cortex: the role of spatially asymmetric intracortical inhibition

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