Visual evoked potentials specific for motion onset

Abstract

Motion-onset visual evoked potentials were studied in 140 subjects by means of motion-onset stimulation either on a television screen or through back projecting via a moving mirror. The motion-onset visual evoked potentials were characterized in 94% of the population by a dominant negative peak with latency in the range of 135-180 ms. Motion-onset visual evoked potentials with a dominant positive peak, as described in the literature, seemed to be a variant of pattern-off visual evoked potentials, caused by the pattern-disappearance effect at the onset of motion with a high temporal frequency (the multiple of the spatial frequency of the structure and the velocity of motion) of more than 6 Hz. Such visual evoked potentials occur mainly when the stimulus is limited to the macular area only. Additionally, other stimulus and recording conditions were found to be suitable for acquiring the specific motion-onset potentials without their contamination by pattern-related components. These conditions were as follows: an aperiodic moving pattern (e.g., random dots) with a low contrast (less than 0.2); a short duration of motion (less than or equal to 200 ms) and a sufficient interstimulus interval (at least five times longer than the motion duration) to decrease the adaptation to motion; and extramacular stimulation and recording of visual evoked potentials from unipolar lateral occipital leads. Such leads should be used because of the lateralization of these visual evoked potentials (mainly to the right occipital area), which is consistent with their assumed extrastriate origin.

Detection of motion onset and offset: reaction time and visual evoked potential analysis

“…Previous studies have shown that motion onset and oVset VEP are characterised by a negative peak, speciWc to motion that occurs just prior to 200 ms post stimulus onset (Spekreijse, Dagnelie, Maier, & Regan, 1985;Kuba & Kubová, 1992;Markwardt et al, 1988;Schellart et al, 2004). This negative peak evoked by the motion onset was barely manifest in the data from the detection task (Fig.…”

“…and "Has it changed its speed and direction?" In the inspection condition, where no reaction was required, the motion onset VEP were characterised by the speciWc negative peak with its latencies ordered according to the velocity (cf., Kuba & Kubová, 1992;Markwardt et al, 1988). The structure of these latencies was very similar to that of the manual RT described by a negative exponential function with the power equal to ¡2/3.…”

Clinical application of motion-onset visual evoked potentials

“…Motion-onset VEPs have, however, properties that indicate that they might give information not obtainable from other types of VEPs. For example, motion-onset VEPs are recordable up to about 50 ~ of eccentricity [2], and their amplitudes are significantly larger to extramacular than to macular stimulation [2,3]. Thus, motion VEPs seem to be more suitable for testing peripheral parts of the retina (e.g., in patients with glaucoma) than any other type of VEP.…”

“…Thus, motion VEPs seem to be more suitable for testing peripheral parts of the retina (e.g., in patients with glaucoma) than any other type of VEP. It is also of interest for clinical use that motion-onset VEPs are independent of the size of the stimulus elements [2,4]. This enables testing even in patients with low visual acuity (e.g., in amblyopia).…”

The Neural Basis and Functional Characteristics of Peripheral Vision

“…Electrophysiological and psychophysical studies of human motion perception Kuba and Kubovä (1992) described a specific signal, a negative component, with a peak latency of 150-250 msec (depending on stimulus contrast), produced by the onset of movement of a checkerboard pattern. This response is clearly distinguishable from the well-known positive going'pattern-onset, pattern-offset and pattern-reversal responses, which almost certainly arise from the striate cortex.…”