Visual field map clusters in human frontoparietal cortex

Mackey, Wayne E.; Winawer, Jonathan; Curtis, Clayton E.

doi:10.7554/elife.22974

Cited by 118 publications

(163 citation statements)

References 76 publications

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“…31, 2018; colormap) or deactivations (blue colormap). The spatial distribution of activations across the cortical surface confirms earlier findings of visual selectivity in parietal and frontal cortex 9 . The spatial distribution of deactivations on the other hand corresponds well with the locations of DN nodes in parietal and frontal brain regions as found in resting-state experiments which used large populations of participants 10,11 .…”

supporting

confidence: 88%

Mapping the Dark Side: Visual Selectivity of Default Network Deactivations

Knapen

Barendregt

2018

Preprint

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The default network (DN) The default network (DN) deactivates when participants receive sensory stimulation and focus externally to perform a task, and activates during mind-wandering 1,2 . These activations and deactivations in the DN are important in psychological disorders and alterations in cognitive state 3,4 , and are inversely correlated with responses in the multiple demand network of frontal and parietal regions 5 . Recent findings indicate that signals in the DN carry visual memory information 6,7 , but the functional role of DN deactivations remain unclear. We investigated the visual response properties of the DN by performing a visual mapping fMRI experiment at ultrahigh field (7 Tesla). In our experiment a bar-shaped stimulus systematically traversed the visual field in different directions. Participants performed a two-alternative forced-choice color discrimination task on the stimulus (Figure 1a) titrated to be equally demanding throughout the visual field (Figure 1b). Across participants, there was no difference in task performance (F(2,10) = 1.347, p = .304, η 2 = .198) or reaction time (F(2,10) = 0.121, p = .887, η 2 = .003) for V is u a l sp a ce[y ]

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supporting

confidence: 88%

Mapping the Dark Side: Visual Selectivity of Default Network Deactivations

Knapen

Barendregt

2018

Preprint

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“…The second operation applies a power-law exponent (n) to the result of the multiplication, effectively boosting small responses. This nonlinear operation is the key component of the CSS model and improves model accuracy in high-level visual areas that are known to exhibit subadditive spatial summation (Kay et al, 2013b;Mackey et al, 2017). The values of the exponent range from 0 to 1, where a value of 1 returns the model to linear.…”

Section: Prf Forward Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perception and memory have distinct spatial tuning properties in human visual cortex

Favila

Kuhl

Winawer

2019

Preprint

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Neural activity evoked during perception is thought to be reactivated during later memory retrieval. While many studies have found evidence for memory reactivation in visual cortex, few have characterized differences between stimulus-driven and mnemonic activation. Here, we leveraged population receptive field (pRF) models to quantify spatial activity in the human visual system during perception and long-term memory retrieval. We found that mnemonic activity, like perceptual activity, was precisely retinotopically mapped. However, we also observed large, systematic differences between perceptual and mnemonic activity in measures of amplitude and precision. The magnitude of these differences varied according to position in the visual hierarchy, with the largest differences observed in early areas. These differences could not be accounted for by the fact that memory data had reduced signal-to-noise or the possibility that it contained a mixture of successful and failed retrieval trials. Finally, we explore predictions from several models, showing that a simple hierarchical model with reciprocal feedforward and feedback connections accounts for many of our observations. Our results reveal novel distinctions between perceptual and mnemonic activity in visual cortex and provide insight into the computational constraints governing memory reactivation. 1/21visual cortex during perception (Kay et al., 2013b). Using these models to quantify memory-triggered activity in the visual system offers the opportunity to precisely model reactivation in visual cortex and its relationship to visual perception. In particular, the fact that pRF models are stimulus-referred may aid in interpreting differences between perception and memory activation patterns by projecting these differences onto a small number of physical dimensions.Here, we used pRF models to characterize the properties of mnemonic activity in human visual cortex. We first trained human subjects to associate spatially localized stimuli with colored fixation cues. We then measured stimulus-triggered and memory-triggered activity in visual cortex using fMRI. Separately, we fit pRF models to independent fMRI data, which allowed us to estimate receptive field location and size within multiple visual field maps for each subject. Using pRF-based analyses, we quantified the location, amplitude, and precision of activity throughout these visual field maps during perception and memory retrieval. Finally, we explored what kind of cortical computations could account for our observations by simulating responses using a stimulus-referred pRF model and a simple hierarchical model of neocortex. Results BehaviorPrior to being scanned, subjects participated in a behavioral training session. During this session, subjects learned to associate four colored fixation dot cues with four stimuli. The four stimuli were unique radial frequency patterns presented at 45, 135, 225, or 315 degrees of polar angle and 2 degrees of eccentricity ( Fig. 1a,b). Subjects alternated between study and test ...

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“…By contrast, prefrontal cortex (PFC), including the frontal eye fields (FEF) and lateral frontal cortex are implicated in Search (Leonards et al, 2000;Buschman & Miller, 2007;Rossi et al, 2007;Li et al, 2010). Consistent with this view, these areas have also been shown to contain topographic visual maps (Kastner et al, 2007;Silver & Kastner, 2009;Mackey et al, 2017).…”

Section: Putative Medial Temporal Lobe Engagement In Search and Pop-outmentioning

confidence: 92%

Intracranial recordings demonstrate medial temporal lobe engagement in visual search in humans

Slama

Jimenez

Saha

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Visual search is a fundamental human behavior, which has been proposed to include two component processes: inefficient search (Search) and efficient search (Pop-out). According to extant research, these two processes map onto two separable neural systems located in the frontal and parietal association cortices. In the present study, we use intracranial recordings from 23 participants to delineate the neural correlates of Search and Pop-out with an unprecedented combination of spatiotemporal resolution and coverage across cortical and subcortical structures. First, we demonstrate a role for the medial temporal lobe in visual search, on par with engagement in frontal and parietal association cortex. Second, we show a gradient of increasing engagement over anatomical space from dorsal to ventral lateral frontal cortex. Third, we confirm previous work demonstrating nearly complete overlap in neural engagement across cortical regions in Search and Pop-out. We further demonstrate Pop-out selectivity manifesting as activity increase in Pop-out as compared to Search in a distributed set of sites including frontal cortex. This result is at odds with the view that Pop-out is implemented in low-level visual cortex or parietal cortex alone. Finally, we affirm a central role for the right lateral frontal cortex in Search.

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Visual field map clusters in human frontoparietal cortex

Cited by 118 publications

References 76 publications

Mapping the Dark Side: Visual Selectivity of Default Network Deactivations

Mapping the Dark Side: Visual Selectivity of Default Network Deactivations

Perception and memory have distinct spatial tuning properties in human visual cortex

Intracranial recordings demonstrate medial temporal lobe engagement in visual search in humans

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