Visual function alterations in essential tremor: A case report

Abstract

Our purpose is to report alterations in contrast sensitivity function (CSF) and in the magno, parvo and koniocellular visual pathways by means of a multichannel perimeter in case of an essential tremor (ET). A complete evaluation of the visual function was performed in a 69-year old patient, including the analysis of the chromatic discrimination by the Fansworth-Munsell 100 hue test, the measurement of the CSF by the CSV-1000E test, and the detection of potential alteration patterns in the magno, parvo and koniocellular visual pathways by means of a multichannel perimeter. Visual acuity and intraocular pressure (IOP) were within the ranges of normality in both eyes. No abnormalities were detected in the fundoscopic examination and in the optical coherence tomography (OCT) exam. The results of the color vision examination were also within the ranges of normality. A signi¯cant decrease in the achromatic CSFs for right eye (RE) and left eye (LE) was detected for all spatial frequencies. The statistical global values provided by the multichannel perimeter con¯rms that there were signi¯cant absolute sensitivity losses compared to the normal pattern in RE. In the LE, only a statistically signi¯cant decrease in sensitivity was detected for the blue-yellow (BY) channel. The pattern standard deviation (PSD) values obtained in our patient indicated that there were signi¯cant localized losses compared to the normality pattern in the achromatic channel of the RE and in the red-green (RG) channel of the LE. Some color vision alterations may be present in ET that cannot be detected with conventional color vision tests, such as the FM 100 Hue. §

Multichannel perimetric alterations in systemic lupus erythematosus treated with hydroxychloroquine

“…It allows the clinician to detect incipient alterations in magno-, parvo-, and koniocellular pathways that cannot be detected in a conventional perimetric exam. To this date, this technology has been reported to detect impairment in the achromatic and RG and BY chromatic mechanisms in a case of essential tremor and in Alzheimer 11, 12…”

Percepção Visual no Tremor Essencial: Uma Revisão Sistemática

“…Uma vez que a depleção dopaminérgica em pacientes com TE e DdP causa diminuição de dopamina na retina (principalmente nas células amácrinas e na camada plexiforme interna) e cerebelo, alguns estudos objetivaram utilizar a FSC como medida não invasiva que servisse de diagnóstico diferencial, quando comparado aos prejuízos motores (Bodis-Wollner, 1990;Bradvica, Bradvica, Matić, & Reisz-Majić, 2015;Piñero et al, 2015).…”

“…Em contrapartida, um estudo de caso com uma paciente de 69 anos indicou redução na sensibilidade ao contraste, quando os olhos direito e esquerdo são comparados (Piñero et al, 2015). O uso do teste CSV-1000E permitiu observar existência de prejuízos nas vias magno-, parvo-e coniocelular.…”

“…TMP Fernandes, DSF Felismino, NL de Almeida, & NA dos Santos No que diz respeito a conexão tálamo-cortical que envolve o TE, destaca-se que a percepção visual, uma das portas de entrada da cognição (Cornsweet, 2012;Pylyshyn, 1999), também é mediada pela conexão (Gazzaniga, 2004). A informação visual decorrente da retina desencadeia reações que alcançam o núcleo geniculado lateral do tálamo e posteriormente o córtex visual primário, perpassando os caminhos subjacentes ao TE (Piñero, Monllor, Moncho, Camps, & de Fez, 2015;Sharifi, Nederveen, Booij, & van Rootselaar, 2014).…”

Detection of primary RGB colors projected on a screen using fNIRS

“…[14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33] It can provide both topographic 15,16,[34][35][36] and tomographic 14,37 brain images. Speci¯cally, fNIRS monitors regional cerebral blood°ow (rCBF) variations by measuring, at wavelengths between 700 nm and 1000 nm, the near-infrared-lightabsorption changes caused by concentration variations of HbO and HbR, the two primary absorbing chromophores in brain capillary blood.…”