Visual guidance to force plates does not influence ground reaction force variability

Grabiner, Mark D.; Feuerbach, Jon W.; Lundin, Thomas M.; Davis, Brian L.

doi:10.1016/0021-9290(94)00175-4

Cited by 48 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…In the current study, we used targeted walking and two adjacent force platforms to directly measure subarea forces. Previous studies have shown good agreement between targeted and nontargeted GRFs [14,15] as well as plantar pressures [16][17][18]. The representative trials were also chosen so as to minimize differences between the targeted virtual ground reaction forces and the ensemble average ground reaction forces from the same subject's non-targeted trials.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of a kinetic multi-segment foot model part II: Kinetics and clinical implications

2012

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Kinematic multi-segment foot models have seen increased use in clinical and research settings, but the addition of kinetics has been limited and hampered by measurement limitations and modeling assumptions. In this second of two companion papers, we complete the presentation and analysis of a three segment kinetic foot model by incorporating kinetic parameters and calculating joint moments and powers. The model was tested on 17 pediatric subjects (ages 7-18 years) during normal gait. Ground reaction forces were measured using two adjacent force platforms, requiring targeted walking and the creation of two sub-models to analyze ankle, midtarsal, and 1st metatarsophalangeal joints. Targeted walking resulted in only minimal kinematic and kinetic differences compared with walking at self selected speeds. Joint moments and powers were calculated and ensemble averages are presented as a normative database for comparison purposes. Ankle joint powers are shown to be overestimated when using a traditional single-segment foot model, as substantial angular velocities are attributed to the mid-tarsal joint. Power transfer is apparent between the 1st metatarsophalangeal and mid-tarsal joints in terminal stance/pre-swing. While the measurement approach presented here is limited to clinical populations with only minimal impairments, some elements of the model can also be incorporated into routine clinical gait analysis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of a kinetic multi-segment foot model part II: Kinetics and clinical implications

2012

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“…It has been reported that there were no significant differences in the ground reaction forces when subjects visually "targeted" a force plate on a walkway and when they did not [20,21]. However, performing a task during walking has been shown to affect body kinematics, either during manual pointing tasks [22] or visual tasks [15,16].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Speed and Visual-Target Distance on Toe Trajectory during the Swing Phase of Treadmill Walking

Miller

Feiveson

Bloomberg

2009

Journal of Applied Biomechanics

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Toe trajectory during swing phase is a precise motor control task that can provide insights into the sensorimotor control of the legs. The purpose of this study was to determine changes in vertical toe trajectory during treadmill walking due to changes in walking speed and target distance. For each trial, subjects walked on a treadmill at one of five speeds while performing a dynamic visual acuity task at either a "far" or "near" target distance (five speeds × two targets distances = ten trials). Toe clearance decreased with increasing speed, and the vertical toe peak just before heel strike increased with increasing speed, regardless of target distance. The vertical toe peak just after toe-off was lower during near-target visual acuity tasks than during far-target tasks, but was not affected by speed. The ankle of the swing leg appeared to be the main joint angle that significantly affected all three toe trajectory events. The foot angle of the swing leg significantly affected toe clearance and the toe peak just before heel strike.These results will be used to enhance the analysis of lower limb kinematics during the sensorimotor treadmill testing, where differing speeds and/or visual target distances may be used. Miller, Feiveson, Bloomberg 3

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“…Although the walkway was 13 m long and the data were collected in the central portion of the walkway, the subjects may have been influenced by the a priori knowledge that they must come to a full stop within a few meters after stepping on the second force plate. Although Grabiner et al 27 have shown that stepping on the force plate does not influence the gait pattern, this may not be the case when 2 force plates are used. Our study focused on the actions taken by the lower limbs in 2 consecutive gait cycles.…”

Section: Trailing Limb Power Interactionsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Contributions of Lower-Limb Muscle Power in Gait of People Without Impairments

Sadeghi¹,

Allard

Duhaime

2000

Physical Therapy

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Background and Purpose. Although gait asymmetry in rehabilitation has been documented, little is known about propulsion and control tasks performed by each limb and how these tasks are managed between the lower limbs. The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that the leading limb contributes mainly to forward progression, whereas the trailing limb provides control and propels the lower limb to a lesser extent. Subjects. Nineteen men with an average age of 26.2 years (SDϭ3.2, rangeϭ21-34) and no history of orthopedic ailments participated in the study. Methods. Muscle power was determined using an 8-camera high-speed video system synchronized with 2 force plates. The principal-component analysis method was applied to reduce and classify 52 gait variables for each limb, and Pearson correlations were used to determine the interactions within the data sets for each limb. Results. Gait propulsion was initiated by the hip of the leading limb shortly after heel-strike and was maintained throughout the stance phase. Control was the main task of the trailing limb, as evidenced by the power absorption bursts at the hip and knee. Conclusion and Discussion. Within-limb interaction further emphasized the functional relationship between forward progression and control tasks and highlighted the importance of frontal-and transverse-plane actions during gait. [Sadeghi H, Allard P, Duhaime M. Contributions of lower-limb muscle power in gait of people without impairments. Phys Ther.

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Visual guidance to force plates does not influence ground reaction force variability

Cited by 48 publications

References 3 publications

Analysis of a kinetic multi-segment foot model part II: Kinetics and clinical implications

Analysis of a kinetic multi-segment foot model part II: Kinetics and clinical implications

Effects of Speed and Visual-Target Distance on Toe Trajectory during the Swing Phase of Treadmill Walking

Contributions of Lower-Limb Muscle Power in Gait of People Without Impairments

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