Visual hallucinations and Charles Bonnet syndrome after photodynamic therapy for age related macular degeneration

Cohen, Salomon Y.; Bulik, A; Tadayoni, Ramin; Quentel, G

doi:10.1136/bjo.87.8.977

Cited by 31 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The fact that the hallucinations occurred when the patients were experiencing visual recovery suggests that fluctuation in vision may trigger the hallucinations of CBS. This is supported by reports of patients experiencing complex hallucinations within days following treatment of exudative ARMD with both intravitreal bevacizumab and photodynamic therapy [11,12].…”

Section: Recent Findingsmentioning

confidence: 77%

Charles Bonnet syndrome: a review

Schadlu¹,

Schadlu²,

Shepherd³

2009

Current Opinion in Ophthalmology

119

100

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Section: Recent Findingsmentioning

confidence: 77%

Charles Bonnet syndrome: a review

Schadlu¹,

Schadlu²,

Shepherd³

2009

Current Opinion in Ophthalmology

119

100

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“…Familiarity with image content has also been previously reported. 19 However, only a small proportion of LV1 individuals in this study reported being familiar with their images.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Its prevalence in this population ranges from 0.5% to 19.5%. 1,2 Two categories of hallucination (VH) 3 have been described: simple and complex.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Visual Hallucinations in Patients with Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD)

Lennon¹,

White

Logan

et al. 2006

Visual Impairment Research

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Background: Charles Bonnet Syndrome is defined as visual hallucinations in psychologically normal people and has been associated with low vision for over two hundred years. Objectives: To evaluate the prevalence and complexity of visual hallucinations in patients with low vision. Design: A crosssectional comparative analysis of clinical visual data and hallucinatory phenomena in two groups of patients with age-related macular degeneration and a third control group. Methods: A questionnaire on visual hallucinations was administered to 145 patients and 58 control individuals. Measurements: Visual hallucination type (simple, complex) was examined and group comparisons were made using analysis of variance, cross-tabulations, and percentages. Results: Those individuals reporting visual hallucinations had a significantly lower mean visual acuity than comparative groups. Materialization and frequency of visual hallucinations were dependent on hallucination type. Hallucination type was not dependent on visual acuity. While visual hallucinations were reported by 40% of patients, Charles Bonnet Syndrome as defined in this study, was prevalent in 21% of the low vision cases. Conclusion: Charles Bonnet Syndrome occurs in approximately 1/5 of patients with age-related macular degeneration. Visual hallucinations are dependent on visual acuity rather than on age or ocular condition. Greater awareness of this condition among the medical and allied professions is important so that patients can be advised and reassured accordingly. Consideration should be given to including Charles Bonnet Syndrome as a discrete Syndrome in major classification systems.

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“…Over the past 2 years, a number of case studies have indicated the varied etiologies of CBS. Cohen et al [6] studied 100 patients with age-related macular degeneration who were treated with photodynamic therapy with verteporfin for choroidal neovascularization. Five patients (5%) described transient complex visual hallucinations characteristic of CBS.…”

Section: Etiologies Of Charles Bonnet Syndromementioning

confidence: 99%