Visual impact evaluation of a wind park in a Greek island

Tsoutsos, Theocharis; Tsouchlaraki, A.; Tsiropoulos, Manolis; Serpetsidakis, Michalis

doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2008.08.013

Cited by 103 publications

(76 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Ek and Persson [36] demonstrated, for example, the importance of three main considerations: avoidance of recreation areas, co-ownership of WTs by the community, and community involvement in the decision-making process. Many other studies have concluded that it is crucial to involve the local population in the process [5,10,18,24]. An important question is therefore: What group of respondents should be included in the assessment process?…”

Section: Public Opposition To/acceptance Of Wind Parksmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Instead, they take the course of "stealthy" construction, hoping that no large wave of protests against the proposal will arise. As has already been mentioned, this approach is ineffective in practice and leads to delays in the project or to its outright cancellation [2][3][4][5][6]. The sanctioning body should play the role of mediator, directing the entire process and thereby facilitating communication between the main stakeholder parties-the developers and the affected inhabitants.…”

Section: Educational Orientation Of Sanctioning Bodiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While renewable sources are generally perceived positively and sympathetically, specific wind farm projects are very frequently considered undesirable by the public. Projects are often being rejected, and construction may be halted [2][3][4][5][6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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How education orientation affects attitudes toward wind energy and wind farms: implications for the planning process

2016

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Background: Three groups of stakeholders are mainly involved in the planning, assessment, and approval processes for wind parks: the planners, the public, and the responsible public authorities. These groups have varying aims, and there are various ways of looking at proposals to set up a wind park. In particular, the viewpoints of planners and government officers are likely to differ. Planners are likely to focus on technical aspects of a wind farm project, while the public authorities are likely to be oriented toward environmental considerations. Methods: The effect of respondents' characteristics on landscape perception was analysed using generalized linear mixed models (GLMM). Set of various landscape images with and without wind turbines (WTs) was evaluated on a 15-points scale. The evaluation was accomplished with additional questions about general attitude toward wind energy, willingness to live close to WTs and presence of WTs near respondents´homes.

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Section: Public Opposition To/acceptance Of Wind Parksmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Educational Orientation Of Sanctioning Bodiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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How education orientation affects attitudes toward wind energy and wind farms: implications for the planning process

2016

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“…Therefore, in order to assess the visual impact properly, it is necessary to determine the area of the landscape which is under visual impact, i.e. it is important to determine the size of visual influence zone and the character of visual impact of wind turbine/ farm in the particular zone.Visual impact of wind turbines depends on many factors: wind turbine size, its color, form, observation distance, landscape richness, time of the day, and other factors [6]. Their visual contrast with rural landscape can be evaluated positively as well, e.g.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Visual impact of wind turbines depends on many factors: wind turbine size, its color, form, observation distance, landscape richness, time of the day, and other factors [6]. Their visual contrast with rural landscape can be evaluated positively as well, e.g.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of Visual Influence Zones of Wind Farms in Lithuania

Abromas

Kamičaitytė-Virbašienė

2015

Architecture and Urban Planning

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Landscape constantly changes because of human activity and this alternation is not always positive. The landscape loses its identity, variety, and scenic beauty -the main values of landscape [5].Objects of alternative energy have miscellaneous impact on visual environment [4]. Of all the alternative energy facilities, wind turbines are notable for their visual parameters. The height of towers of wind turbines that are currently under construction is 80 m -120 m, and the total height is 120 m -160 m. Thus wind turbines become dominant verticals in the landscape. Wind turbines can be seen up to 20 km -25 km under ideal weather conditions. When locating such objects in a landscape, it is very important to assess their visual impact on the objects of cultural heritage, recreational zones, protected areas and other visually sensitive objects, and when constructing wind turbines, a special attention has to be paid to the visual impact assessment. Wind turbine often visually influences several visual types of landscape [2]. Visual impact of wind farms is even more significant. Therefore, in order to assess the visual impact properly, it is necessary to determine the area of the landscape which is under visual impact, i.e. it is important to determine the size of visual influence zone and the character of visual impact of wind turbine/ farm in the particular zone.Visual impact of wind turbines depends on many factors: wind turbine size, its color, form, observation distance, landscape richness, time of the day, and other factors [6]. Their visual contrast with rural landscape can be evaluated positively as well, e.g. the transitioning of tower whiteness into the greenness can visually be in harmony with green agricultural surroundings.Visual impact of wind farms located in the regions of Silute and Silale is analyzed in the paper. The main aim of the paper is after comparison of the theoretical sizes of visual influence zones and the degrees of visual significance with the results of empirical research, to identify possible ways of elaboration of methodology of visual impact assessment establishing visual influence zones. The main results of the research include established major factors of visual impact of wind farms, sizes of zones of visual influence and character of visual impact in different zones of visual influence. Identification of Visual Influence Zones of Wind Farms in LithuaniaJonas Abromas, Jūratė Kamičaitytė-Virbašienė, Kaunas University of Technology i. methodsAfter visual impact zones of wind turbines in different countries have been analyzed and the situation in Lithuania taken into consideration, the table of hypothetical degrees of wind turbine visual impact has been created.To determine the precision of visual impact degrees, the survey in situ has been conducted, the results of which have later been compared with the theoretical-hypothetical visual impact degrees (a comparative analysis has been done).The object of the survey is three wind farms located in the West of Lithuania in the regions of Sil...

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A Multicriteria Spatial Decision Support System Development for Siting a Landfill in the Province of Torino (Italy)

Ferretti

2011

J. Multi-Crit. Decis. Anal.

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The present paper proposes a spatial multicriteria approach for supporting Decision-Makers in the siting process of a Municipal Solid Waste landfill in the Province of Torino (Italy).In particular, the contribution illustrates the development of a Multicriteria-Spatial Decision Support System based on the integration of Geographic Information Systems and a specific Multicriteria Decision Analysis technique, named Analytic Network Process (ANP). This technique, which represents the generalization of the more well-known Analytic Hierarchy Process to dependences and feedbacks, is particularly suitable for dealing with complex decision problems which are characterized by inter-relationships among the elements at stake.The application allows the dependence relationships among the criteria to be assessed, and the relative importance of all the elements that play an influence on the final choice to be evaluated.The purpose of the study is to generate a suitability map of the area under analysis for locating a waste landfill, paying particular attention to the contribution that the spatial ANP offers to sustainability assessments of undesirable facilities. To this end, the simple network structure has been used and both exclusionary and non-exclusionary criteria have been identified and grouped into clusters.The results are obtained in the form of suitability maps analysed through ILWIS 3.3 software (52North, ITC, Enschede, The Netherlands) and have been further verified through a sensitivity analysis with reference to the clusters priorities in order to test the robustness of the proposed model.The main findings of this research have proved that the spatial ANP is a useful tool to help technicians to make their decision process traceable and reliable. Moreover, this approach helps Decision-Makers to undertake a sound reflection of the siting problem.Finally, the implementation of the spatial ANP technique gives an originality value to the present research because it represents one of the first applications at both the national and international level.

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Visual impact evaluation of a wind park in a Greek island

Cited by 103 publications

References 8 publications

How education orientation affects attitudes toward wind energy and wind farms: implications for the planning process

How education orientation affects attitudes toward wind energy and wind farms: implications for the planning process

Identification of Visual Influence Zones of Wind Farms in Lithuania

A Multicriteria Spatial Decision Support System Development for Siting a Landfill in the Province of Torino (Italy)

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