Visual impairment and blindness in Europe and their prevention

Kocur, Ivo; Resnikoff, Serge

doi:10.1136/bjo.86.7.716

Cited by 237 publications

(176 citation statements)

References 94 publications

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“…Epidemiological studies, about visual impairment, in Europe show that there are still many countries suffering from lack of available data on prevalence, incidence, and causes of visual impairment in children as well as in the whole population 4 . In Croatia, the data about persons with severe visual impairments that are followed in the Registry of Persons with Disabilities and recorded prevalence of blindness is 1 ‰ which is less than the above estimate 5 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quality of life in blind and partially sighted people

Vuletić¹,

Šarlija²,

Benjak³

2016

JAHS

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The aim of this research was to examine the subjective quality of life in blind and partially sighted people in relation to the type of impairment, duration of impairment and participation in psychosocial rehabilitation. The study used a sociodemographic and health questionnaire, and the Personal Wellbeing Index for adults to examine participant satisfaction with different life domains. The results have shown that subjective quality of life in blind and partially sighted people is within the theoretically expected normative range for global population of 60 to 80% scale maximum. The results have also shown that type and duration of impairment as well as participation in psychosocial rehabilitation are significant indicators of subjective quality of life of blind and partially sighted people.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quality of life in blind and partially sighted people

Vuletić¹,

Šarlija²,

Benjak³

2016

JAHS

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“…We assumed that the rates were associated for timolol since the literature was published before the release of the prostaglandin analogues. [46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53] We also assumed that all legal blindness occurred only in patients in the unstable branches of the Markov model. Adjustments to blindness rates were then made for each country based on the percentage of unstable patients in the latanoprost group compared to timolol.…”

Section: Markov Model: Medical Aspectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cost-effectiveness of latanoprost and timolol maleate for the treatment of glaucoma in Scandinavia and the United Kingdom, using a decision-analytic health economic model

Stewart

Mychaskiw

2007

Eye

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Purpose To assess the cost-effectiveness of latanoprost or timolol in glaucoma treatment in Norway, Sweden, Denmark (Scandinavia) and the United Kingdom (UK). Methods A Markov model was constructed to perform a cost-effectiveness analysis. Health states were 'stable' and 'progressed' glaucoma, and transition probabilities for both primary open-angle and exfoliation glaucoma were derived from the medical literature. Practice patterns were obtained from surveys completed by 54 ophthalmologists geographically dispersed throughout each country. Country specific unit costs were used for medications, patient visits, diagnostics, and therapeutic procedures. Results Over the life of the model latanoprost was less expensive than timolol by 5.3-7.6% (Scandinavia) and 2.1% (UK). Following adjustments, therapy in the original timolol-treated cohort was slightly more effective in each country with a difference in 0.003-0.015 years to progression of glaucoma existing between latanoprost. This may have resulted from the model design, which reflected that physicians ultimately control most patients' glaucoma over 5 years by adding or changing therapy. The associated incremental cost-effectiveness ratios for latanoprost vs timolol generated by the Scandinavian and the UK models, respectively, were: Norway 351 396 NOK; Sweden 988 985 SEK; Denmark 351 641; and the UK 4751 GBP. Conclusions Over 5 years, in the UK timolol is the cost-effective option, whereas in Scandinavia latanoprost may be the costeffective alternative to timolol.

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“…In Europe, leading causes of visual impairment have impressive regional variations and in Italy, the fifth cause of blindness is corneal opacities. 1 In eastern Mediterranean countries, trachoma is the second cause of blindness (that is, corneal scar after Chlamydia trachomatis infection). 2 These diseases combine corneal scars and corneal neovascularization (NV).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficient lentiviral gene transfer into corneal stroma cells using a femtosecond laser

2009

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We investigated a new procedure for gene transfer into the stroma of pig cornea for the delivery of therapeutic factors. A delimited space was created at 110 mm depth with a LDV femtosecond laser in pig corneas, and a HIV1-derived lentiviral vector expressing green fluorescent protein (GFP) (LV-CMV-GFP) was injected into the pocket. Corneas were subsequently dissected and kept in culture as explants. After 5 days, histological analysis of the explants revealed that the corneal pockets had closed and that the gene transfer procedure was efficient over the whole pocket area. Almost all the keratocytes were transduced in this area. Vector diffusion at right angles to the pocket's plane encompasses four (endothelium side) to 10 (epithelium side) layers of keratocytes. After 21 days, the level of transduction was similar to the results obtained after 5 days. The femtosecond laser technique allows a reliable injection and diffusion of lentiviral vectors to efficiently transduce stromal cells in a delimited area. Showing the efficacy of this procedure in vivo could represent an important step toward treatment or prevention of recurrent angiogenesis of the corneal stroma.

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Visual impairment and blindness in Europe and their prevention

Cited by 237 publications

References 94 publications

Quality of life in blind and partially sighted people

Quality of life in blind and partially sighted people

Cost-effectiveness of latanoprost and timolol maleate for the treatment of glaucoma in Scandinavia and the United Kingdom, using a decision-analytic health economic model

Efficient lentiviral gene transfer into corneal stroma cells using a femtosecond laser

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