Visual object working memory function and clinical symptoms in schizophrenia

Park, Sohee; Püschel, Jörg; Sauter, Barbara H; Rentsch, Markus; Hell, Daniel

doi:10.1016/s0920-9964(02)00209-8

Cited by 42 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…In the present study, all patients who improved on spatial memory also improved clinically, while those who did not improve their performance showed minimal amelioration or even worsening of symptoms. The treatment-associated improvement in spatial memory could reflect improvement in spatial working memory, which has been an area of substantial deficit in schizophrenia (Park et al, 2003). However, spatial memory shows impairment even when working memory deficits are considered (Wood et al, 2002).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurocognitive Performance and Clinical Changes in Olanzapine-Treated Patients with Schizophrenia

Gur

Kohler

Ragland

et al. 2003

Neuropsychopharmacol

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Diffuse cognitive impairment characterizes patients with schizophrenia throughout the course of illness. The deficits persist despite clinical improvement associated with neuroleptic intervention and are related to outcome. It is unclear whether treatment with atypical agents is associated with improved cognition that relates to symptoms and outcome. Using a set of computerized neurocognitive measures, we evaluated whether the effects of olanzapine are greater than practice effects for specific neurocognitive domains that could provide targets for large-scale randomized studies. We enrolled 19 patients with schizophrenia before initiation of treatment with olanzapine and 16 of them were examined at 6 weeks and 6 months of follow-up. They were compared to 34 healthy participants who enrolled, 24 of whom were evaluated longitudinally. Improvement exceeding practice effects was observed in patients for abstraction and spatial memory and the latter correlated with clinical improvement in negative symptoms. These results suggest that some effects of olanzapine may impact both symptoms and cognitive performance.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurocognitive Performance and Clinical Changes in Olanzapine-Treated Patients with Schizophrenia

Gur

Kohler

Ragland

et al. 2003

Neuropsychopharmacol

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“…This has led some investigators to conclude that WM impairments represent a core deficit in schizophrenia (Cohen, Braver, & O'Reilly, 1996;Goldman-Rakic, 1994;Silver, Feldman, Bilker, & Gur, 2003). A large number of studies have documented abnormalities in WM in schizophrenia using a variety of different paradigms over multiple domains, including verbal (Kim, Glahn, Nuechterlein, & Cannon, 2004), spatial (Carter et al, 1996;Park & Holzman, 1992), and visual objects (Park, Püschel, Sauter, Rentsch, & Hell et al, 2002). WM deficits have also been observed in unaffected relatives (Park, Holzman, & Goldman-Rakic, 1995), medication-naïve individuals (Barch et al, 2001), as well as in acute and non-acute phases of the illness (Park, Puschel, Sauter, Rentsch, & Hell, 1999).…”

Section: Frontal Lobe Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuroimaging of cognitive disability in schizophrenia: Search for a pathophysiological mechanism

Ragland

Yoon

Minzenberg

et al. 2007

International Review of Psychiatry

137

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This article reviews how functional neuroimaging research of cognitive dysfunction in schizophrenia has resulted in a progression of influential pathophysiological models of the disorder. The review begins with discussion of the 'hypofrontality' model, moving from resting studies examining anterior to posterior gradients of cerebral blood flow (CBF), to cognitive activation studies employing the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, and current functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies of working memory and cognitive control utilizing parametric task designs and event-related procedures. A similar progression is described for development of the temporal lobe model of schizophrenia, moving from research on the temporal cortex and language processing to the hippocampal formation and long-term memory (LTM). These LTM studies found that hippocampal dysfunction was often accompanied by disrupted prefrontal function, supporting a hybrid model of impaired fronto-temporal connectivity. Developments in image analysis procedures are described that allow assessment of these distributed network models. However, given limitations in temporal and spatial resolution, current methods do not provide 'real-time' imaging of network activity, making arrival at a definitive pathophysiologic mechanism difficult. Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) dysfunction and disrupted frontotemporal integration appear to be equally viable current models. The article concludes with a discussion of how fMRI can help facilitate development of novel psychosocial and pharmacological interventions designed to improve cognition and functional outcome in patients with schizophrenia.

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“…CONCENTRATION CARD GAME AND SCHIZOPHRENIA In previous studies, a correlation was observed between WM in patients and the negative symptom assessment score [4,10]. Meanwhile, WM deficits have been proposed as a functional marker of schizophrenia [34,35].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All patients received atypical anti-psychotic drugs, with which WM deficits have been associated [36,37]. However, WM deficits have been reported in untreated patients with schizophrenia, in patients about to begin treatment, and in patients at clinical onset of schizophrenia, as well as in healthy first-degree relatives of patients with schizophrenia [4,35,38,39]. The relationship between medication effects and WM is unclear.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This activity is a high-order cognitive function that is essential to daily life. Much is known about WM deficits in patients with schizophrenia, which have been shown to persist even when clinical symptoms decrease, and they are suggested to be important for their clinical outcome [3][4][5][6]. Previous studies have demonstrated reduced lateralization of activation during WM tasks [7][8][9] and correlation between degree of WM impairment and negative symptoms in schizophrenic patients [4,10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characteristics of Cortical Activation in Schizophrenia during the Card Game ^|^ldquo;Concentration^|^rdquo;

et al. 2012

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Summary:Various functional imaging studies have demonstrated reduced lateralization of cortical activation during neurocognitive tasks in schizophrenia. -A well-known card game, "concentration", reflects working memory (WM). We compared characteristics of hemodynamic changes in the prefrontal to temporo-parietal areas of the brain during this card game between 24 outpatients with schizophrenia and 24 age-and gendermatched healthy control subjects. Using multi-channel near-infrared spectroscopy, we measured relative changes in oxygenated hemoglobin concentration (oxy-Hb changes), which reflects brain activity during this task. Patients showed reduced lateralization in the midfrontal area, which is involved in executive functions, and in the inferior parietal area, involved in WM subcomponents. We also found a significant negative correlation between left midfrontal region oxy-Hb changes and severity of negative symptoms of schizophrenia. Our results characterized disease-related features, suggesting the usefulness of oxy-Hb change measurement during this card game for assessing functional outcome in schizophrenic patients.

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Visual object working memory function and clinical symptoms in schizophrenia

Cited by 42 publications

References 26 publications

Neurocognitive Performance and Clinical Changes in Olanzapine-Treated Patients with Schizophrenia

Neurocognitive Performance and Clinical Changes in Olanzapine-Treated Patients with Schizophrenia

Neuroimaging of cognitive disability in schizophrenia: Search for a pathophysiological mechanism

Characteristics of Cortical Activation in Schizophrenia during the Card Game ^|^ldquo;Concentration^|^rdquo;

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