Visualization and application of disease diagnosis codes for population health management using porcine diseases as a model

Abstract

Accurate and timely results of diagnostic investigations and laboratory testing guide clinical interventions for the continuous improvement of animal health and welfare. Infectious diseases can severely limit the health, welfare, and productivity of populations of animals. Livestock veterinarians submit thousands of samples daily to veterinary diagnostic laboratories (VDLs) for disease diagnosis, pathogen monitoring, and surveillance. Individual diagnostic laboratory reports are immediately useful; however, aggregated historical laboratory data are increasingly valued by clinicians and decision-makers to identify changes in the health status of various animal populations over time and geographical space. The value of this historical information is enhanced by visualization of trends of agent detection, disease diagnosis, or both, which helps focus time and resources on the most significant pathogens and fosters more effective communication between livestock producers, veterinarians, and VDL professionals. Advances in data visualization tools allow quick, efficient, and often real-time scanning and analysis of databases to inform, guide, and modify animal health intervention algorithms. Value is derived at the farm, production system, or regional level. Visualization tools allow client-specific analyses, benchmarking, formulation of research questions, and monitoring the effects of disease management and precision farming practices. We present here the approach taken to visualize trends of disease occurrence using porcine disease diagnostic code data for the period 2010 to 2019. Our semi-automatic standardized creation of a visualization platform allowed the transformation of diagnostic report data into aggregated information to visualize and monitor disease diagnosis.

Divergent Pathogenesis and Transmission of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza A(H5N1) in Swine

“…The risk for reassortment of the HPAI H5N1 2.3.4.4b lineage with endemic swine IAV is a consideration on the basis of the susceptibility to this lineage demonstrated in our study, the prevalence of IAV infection and comorbidities in swine herds, and animal husbandry practices ( 48 , 49 ). However, the risk for incursion is likely lower in confinement operations with industry standard biosecurity than for backyard or feral pigs.…”

Detection and disease diagnosis trends (2017–2022) for Streptococcus suis, Glaesserella parasuis, Mycoplasma hyorhinis, Actinobacillus suis and Mycoplasma hyosynoviae at Iowa State University Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory

“…The data was generated by extracting, integrating, aggregating, and summarizing information within a porcine diagnostic case [ 25 , 26 ]. A diagnostic case may contain one or more pigs with different agents detected in different specimens or include one or more DxCodes.…”

An integrated magneto-opto-fluidic biosensor for rapid on-chip assay of respiratory viruses of livestock

“…1 Although primary pathogens involved in the porcine respiratory disease complex vary between countries, regions, and farms, the top two viral agents currently involved with porcine respiratory disease in the USA are porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) and influenza A virus (IAV). 2,3 The spread of IAV and PRRSV has resulted in huge economic losses. 4 The diagnosis and monitoring of these infections are often carried out in diagnostic laboratories.…”