Visualization of Submerged Arc Welding Phenomena by X-ray Observation and Direct Observation

Komen, Hisaya; Abe, Yohei; Fujimoto, Takahiro; Shigeta, Masaya; Nakatani, Mitsuyoshi; Tanaka, Manabu

doi:10.2207/qjjws.36.9wl

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…8,9,[111][112][113][114][115][116][117][118] The molten metals produced during arc welding have also been investigated. The melting and deforming behaviors of weld pools and molten fluxes in SA welding were captured by an Xray transmission imaging technnique 119,120) to support the mechanism clarifications. 121,122) The deforming behaviors of molten electrodes were observed directly using high-speed video recording during a SA welding 120) and a GTA welding.…”

Section: Mpbulkmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The melting and deforming behaviors of weld pools and molten fluxes in SA welding were captured by an Xray transmission imaging technnique 119,120) to support the mechanism clarifications. 121,122) The deforming behaviors of molten electrodes were observed directly using high-speed video recording during a SA welding 120) and a GTA welding. 123,124) Especially in a GTA welding, the transport of emitter additives in a tungsten electrode is also important because it affects the stability of arc discharge and the lifetime of the electrode.…”

Section: Mpbulkmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Progress of computational plasma fluid mechanics

Shigeta

2023

Jpn. J. Appl. Phys.

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This article reviews and discusses the recent progresses of studies with the concept of “Computational plasma fluid mechanics”. Computational demonstrations show that the inhouse simulation codes such as PLASTIPC (PLasma All-Speed Turbulence with Implicit Pressure Code) have captured hydrodynamic instabilities and reproduced flow dynamics in thermal plasma – nonionized gas coexisting systems. A unique method has made it feasible to study collective growth of binary alloy nanoparticles by numerical analysis. SPH (Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics) method with incompressibility modification has achieved complex behaviors of molten metal involving phase change, flow, heat transport, material mixing, and large deformation during arc welding. It is essential to study thermal plasma processes as comprehensive fluid systems in which hot plasma, cold nonionized gas, and materials coexist. The viewpoint and approaches of fluid mechanics as well as plasma physics are indispensable. Computational study will play a more important role in giving us new and deeper insights.

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Section: Mpbulkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Mpbulkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Progress of computational plasma fluid mechanics

Shigeta

2023

Jpn. J. Appl. Phys.

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“…Li et al 23) also conducted a similar observation using a tunnel and a laser light source. Komen et al 24) performed high-speed observations with not only a similar tunnel but also an X-ray system. They revealed that a slag was formed and pushed backward when it approached a wire.…”

Section: Direct Observation Of Molten Metal Behavior During Arc Weldi...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Visualization of electromagnetic-thermal-fluid phenomena in arc welding

Shigeta

Tanaka

2019

Jpn. J. Appl. Phys.

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This paper addresses experimental approaches using spectroscopic diagnostics, and theoretical approaches using mathematical modeling, to visualize electromagnetic-thermal-fluid phenomena in arc welding. Arc welding is a complicated system in which four states, solid, liquid, gas, and plasma, coexist within a space of about 1 cm3. Spectroscopic measurements of line spectra from arc plasma allow us to obtain the plasma temperature. An intentional lighting and filtering technique visualizes molten metal behaviors during arc welding. Numerical simulation based on a particle method reveals flows conveying heat energy in a droplet and a weld pool. A numerical method with high accuracy makes it possible to simulate the fluid dynamic behavior of arc plasma and transport of nanoparticles growing in the peripheral region of the arc plasma. This paper also presents a discussion of the results obtained using these approaches, especially from a fluid mechanics standpoint.

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“…Shortly after that, Grebelnik [15] adopted a similar system to observe that the arc length did not drastically change as the type of flux varied. Komen et al [16] suggested that the welding zone of SAW could be divided into four regions, and that the slag was pushed backward once it approached the wire around which the arc plasma existed. In addition, the droplet transfer was more similar to spray transfer because the diameter of the droplet was smaller than that of the wire, although the positional relationship between the arc and the droplet was similar to that of the globular transfer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation on the Metal Transfer and Cavity Evolution during Submerged Arc Welding with X-ray Imaging Technology

Han,

Jia,

et al. 2023

Metals

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The physical phenomena of submerged arc welding (SAW) conducted with a 1.6 mm flux-cored wire were investigated using X-ray imaging technique. Three kinds of metal transfer modes were confirmed in this paper, namely the front flux wall-guided droplet transfer, back flux wall-guided droplet transfer, and repelled droplet transfer, of which the corresponding percentages were 47.65%, 45.29%, and 7.06%, respectively. Although the average sizes of the droplets for SAW and FCAW (flux-cored wire welding) were 2.0 mm and 1.9 mm with an average droplet transfer time of 90.3 ms, it required 36.4% more time for the droplet of SAW to finish one metal transfer than it did in FCAW. In addition, the volume of the cavity was not constant but repeated a cycle mode of “expansion and contraction” during the whole process. Thus, the dynamics of the cavity and viscous resistance caused by the flux collectively slowed down the velocity of the droplets from the wire to the weld pool in SAW. Compared with FCAW, a smoother weld without pits and pores was manufactured during the SAW process. Due to the compression effect of the flux, the 14.5 mm average weld width of SAW was 2.9 mm shorter than that of the FCAW. Furthermore, the thickness of slag with a porous structure in SAW was 2.7 times of that in FCAW, indicating that it could provide better protection to the weld of SAW.

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Visualization of Submerged Arc Welding Phenomena by X-ray Observation and Direct Observation

Cited by 12 publications

References 2 publications

Progress of computational plasma fluid mechanics

Progress of computational plasma fluid mechanics

Visualization of electromagnetic-thermal-fluid phenomena in arc welding

Investigation on the Metal Transfer and Cavity Evolution during Submerged Arc Welding with X-ray Imaging Technology

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