Visualization of Subthalamic Nuclei with Cortex Attenuated Inversion Recovery MR Imaging

Magnotta, Vincent A.; Gold, Sherri; Andreasen, Nancy C.; Ehrhardt, James C.; Yuh, William T. C.

doi:10.1006/nimg.2000.0552

Cited by 54 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Using a novel method of image averaging, Andreasen et al (1994b) reported reduced signal intensity in the thalamus, particularly in the lateral region. This group has also published a new method for visualizing subthalamic nuclei using inversion recovery imaging (Magnotta et al, 2000). This new pulse sequence may make it possible to measure the thalamic nuclei in a manner that was not previously possible.…”

Section: Thalamusmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of MRI findings in schizophrenia

Shenton

Dickey

Frumin

et al. 2001

Schizophrenia Research

2,145

121

1,332

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After more than 100 years of research, the neuropathology of schizophrenia remains unknown and this is despite the fact that both Kraepelin (1919/1971: Kraepelin,E., 1919/1971. Dementia praecox. Churchill Livingston Inc., New York) and Bleuler (1911/1950: Bleuler, E., 1911/1950. Dementia praecox or the group of schizophrenias. International Universities Press, New York), who first described 'dementia praecox' and the ' schizophrenias', were convinced that schizophrenia would ultimately be linked to an organic brain disorder. Alzheimer (1897: Alzheimer, A., 1897. Beitrage zur pathologischen anatomie der hirnrinde und zur anatomischen grundlage einiger psychosen. Monatsschrift fur Psychiarie und Neurologie. 2, 82-120) was the first to investigate the neuropathology of schizophrenia, though he went on to study more tractable brain diseases. The results of subsequent neuropathological studies were disappointing because of conflicting findings. Research interest thus waned and did not flourish again until 1976, following the pivotal computer assisted tomography (CT) finding of lateral ventricular enlargement in schizophrenia by Johnstone and colleagues. Since that time significant progress has been made in brain imaging, particularly with the advent of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), beginning with the first MRI study of schizophrenia by Smith and coworkers in 1984 (Smith, R.C., Calderon, M., Ravichandran, G. K., et al. (1984). Nuclear magnetic resonance in schizophrenia: A preliminary study. Psychiatry Res. 12, 137-147). MR in vivo imaging of the brain now confirms brain abnormalities in schizophrenia.The 193 peer reviewed MRI studies reported in the current review span the period from 1988 to August, 2000. This 12 year period has witnessed a burgeoning of MRI studies and has led to more definitive findings of brain abnormalities in schizophrenia than any other time period in the history of schizophrenia research. Such progress in defining the neuropathology of schizophrenia is largely due to advances in in vivo MRI techniques. These advances have now led to the identification of a number of brain abnormalities in schizophrenia. Some of these abnormalities confirm earlier postmortem findings, and most are small and subtle, rather than large, thus necessitating more advanced and accurate measurement tools. These findings include ventricular enlargement (80% of studies reviewed) and third ventricle enlargement (73% of studies reviewed). There is also preferential involvement of medial temporal lobe structures (74% of studies reviewed), which include the amygdala, hippocampus, and parahippocampal gyrus, and neocortical temporal lobe regions (superior temporal gyrus) (100% of studies reviewed). When gray and white matter of superior temporal gyrus was combined, 67% of studies reported abnormalities. There was also moderate evidence for frontal lobe abnormalities (59% of studies reviewed), particularly prefrontal gray matter and orbitofrontal regions. Similarly, there was moderate evidence for parietal lobe ab...

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Section: Thalamusmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of MRI findings in schizophrenia

Shenton

Dickey

Frumin

et al. 2001

Schizophrenia Research

2,145

121

1,332

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The precise thalamic nuclei involved cannot be ascertained given the spatial resolution of the present wholebrain fMRI study. In fact, boundaries between thalamic nuclei that are visualized histologically are not easily seen in magnetic resonance images, even using contrast-optimized protocols (Magnotta et al, 2000). Nonetheless, the likely cortical connections associated with a given thalamic coordinate in MNI-space may be inferred through the use of MR atlases that provide the probabilities of cortical connections based on diffusion tractographic studies in humans (Behrens et al, 2003;Johansen-Berg et al, 2005).…”

Section: Imagingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identifying Brain Activity Specifically Related to the Maintenance and Perceptual Consequence of Central Sensitization in Humans

Lee¹,

Zambreanu²,

Menon³

et al. 2008

J. Neurosci.

144

106

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Central sensitization (CS) refers to an increase in the excitability of spinal dorsal horn neurons that results from, and far outlasts the initiating nociceptive input. Here, functional magnetic resonance imaging was used to examine whether supraspinal activity might contribute to the maintenance of CS in humans. A crossover parametric design was used to distinguish and control for brain activity that is related to the consequence of increased pain experienced during CS. When the intensity of pain during CS and normal states were matched, only activity within the brainstem, including the mesencephalic pontine reticular formation, and the anterior thalami remained increased during CS. Further analyses revealed that activity in the isolated brainstem area correlated positively with the force of noxious stimulation only during CS, whereas activity in the isolated thalamic area was not modulated parametrically in either CS or normal states. Additionally, the mean activity in the isolated brainstem area was increased only during CS, whereas the mean activity in the isolated thalamic area was increased in both states, albeit less so in the normal state. Together, these findings suggest a specific role of the brainstem for the maintenance of CS in humans. Regarding brain areas related to the consequence of increased pain perception during CS, we found that only cortical activity, mainly in the primary somatosensory area, was significantly correlated with intensity of pain that was attributable to both the force of noxious stimulation used and state in which noxious stimulation was applied.

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“…data]. Recent publications report promising dedicated sequences using an inversion recovery technique [18,44,45] .…”

Section: Mri For Stn Targeting In Stereotactic Surgerymentioning

confidence: 99%

Subthalamic Nucleus Location: Relationships between Stereotactic AC-PC-Based Diagrams and MRI Anatomy-Based Contours

Caire¹,

Ouchchane²,

Coste³

et al. 2009

Stereotact Funct Neurosurg

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Subthalamic nucleus (STN) targeting is classically performed based on AC-PC probabilistic position. Nevertheless, MRI allows direct visualization and targeting. We aimed to compare the position localized on MR images with standard stereotactic diagrams. The STN was manually contoured on MR images (22 Parkinson’s disease patients); boundaries were simplified in a schematic polygonal form. Front and lateral stereotactic diagrams were constructed according to Talairach and Benabid. We compared x, y and z coordinates of the geometrical center of MRI-based polygons and stereotactic diagrams (Wilcoxon matched-pairs tests). There was significant discordance between MRI-based polygons and AC-PC-based images. MRI shows the STN as more posterior, medial and slightly inferior.

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Visualization of Subthalamic Nuclei with Cortex Attenuated Inversion Recovery MR Imaging

Cited by 54 publications

References 16 publications

A review of MRI findings in schizophrenia

A review of MRI findings in schizophrenia

Identifying Brain Activity Specifically Related to the Maintenance and Perceptual Consequence of Central Sensitization in Humans

Subthalamic Nucleus Location: Relationships between Stereotactic AC-PC-Based Diagrams and MRI Anatomy-Based Contours

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