Visualizing an Olfactory Sensory Map

Mombaerts, Peter; Wang, Fan; Dulac, Catherine; Chao, Steve K.; Nemes, Adriana; Mendelsohn, Monica; Edmondson, James C.; Axel, Richard

doi:10.1016/s0092-8674(00)81387-2

Cited by 1,856 publications

(1,675 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…In both backgrounds, frc mice showed functional, albeit reduced, olfactory abilities although we cannot exclude the possibility that differences in motivation may con tribute to the mice's ability to find a hidden cookie. Mating and suckling are olfactory-dependent activities [26]; although the frc mice can do both, neither is entirely normal. Furthermore, olfactory abilities are critical for maternal location of pups [5].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fierce: a new mouse deletion of Nr2e1; violent behaviour and ocular abnormalities are background-dependent

Young

Berry

Mahaffey

et al. 2002

Behavioural Brain Research

119

139

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A new spontaneous mouse mutation named fierce (frc) is deleted for the nuclear receptor Nr2e1 gene (also known as Tlx, mouse homolog of Drosophila tailless). The fierce mutation is genetically and phenotypically similar to Nr2e1 targeted mutations previously studied on segregating genetic backgrounds. However, we have characterized the fierce brain, eye, and behavioural phenotypes on three defined genetic backgrounds (C57BL/6J, 129P3/JEms, and B6129F1). The data revealed many novel and background-dependent phenotypic characteristics. Whereas abnormalities in brain development, hypoplasia of cerebrum and olfactory lobes, were consistent on all three backgrounds, our novel finding of enlarged ventricles in 100% and overt hydrocephalus in up to 30% of fierce mice were unique to the C57BL/6J background. Developmental eye abnormalities were also background-dependent with B6129F1-frc mice having less severe thinning of optic layers and less affected electroretinogram responses. Impaired regression of hyaloid vessels was observed in all backgrounds. Furthermore, retinal vessels were deficient in size and number in 129P3/JEms-frc and B6129F1-frc mice but almost entirely absent in C57BL/6J-frc mice. We present the first standardized behavioural tests conducted on Nr2e1 mutant mice and show that C57BL/6J-frc and B6129F1-frc mice have deficits in sensorimotor assays and are hyperaggressive in both sexes and backgrounds. However, C57BL/6J-frc mice were significantly more aggressive than B6129F1-frc mice. Overall, this extensive characterization of the fierce mutation is essential to its application for the study of behavioural, and brain and eye developmental disorders. In addition, the background-dependent differences revealed will enable the identification of important genetic modifiers.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fierce: a new mouse deletion of Nr2e1; violent behaviour and ocular abnormalities are background-dependent

Young

Berry

Mahaffey

et al. 2002

Behavioural Brain Research

119

139

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“…This synthetic DNA fragment was inserted into generic Omp targeting vector pPM9 (Mombaerts et al ., 1996), which lacks the Omp coding sequence. The IRES‐tauGFP‐ACNF cassette was inserted into the Asc I site.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exclusive transmission of the embryonic stem cell‐derived genome through the mouse germline

Köentgen¹,

Lin

Κατίδου

et al. 2016

Genesis

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SummaryGene targeting in embryonic stem (ES) cells remains best practice for introducing complex mutations into the mouse germline. One aspect in this multistep process that has not been streamlined with regard to the logistics and ethics of mouse breeding is the efficiency of germline transmission: the transmission of the ES cell‐derived genome through the germline of chimeras to their offspring. A method whereby male chimeras transmit exclusively the genome of the injected ES cells to their offspring has been developed. The new technology, referred to as goGermline, entails injecting ES cells into blastocysts produced by superovulated homozygous Tsc22d3 floxed females mated with homozygous ROSA26‐Cre males. This cross produces males that are sterile due to a complete cell‐autonomous defect in spermatogenesis. The resulting male chimeras can be sterile but when fertile, they transmit the ES cell‐derived genome to 100% of their offspring. The method was validated extensively and in two laboratories for gene‐targeted ES clones that were derived from the commonly used parental ES cell lines Bruce4, E14, and JM8A3. The complete elimination of the collateral birth of undesired, non‐ES cell‐derived offspring in goGermline technology fulfills the reduction imperative of the 3R principle of humane experimental technique with animals. genesis 54:326–333, 2016. © 2016 The Authors. Genesis Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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“…Lorsque des récepteurs détectent une molécule odorante, les neurones olfactifs portant ces récepteurs sont activés et transmettent le signal à un premier relais cérébral, le bulbe olfactif, au niveau de structures appelées glomérules (Figure 1). La connectivité entre l'épithélium et le bulbe olfactif suit une règle simple : dispersés de façon relativement homogène au niveau de l'épithélium, les neurones olfactifs exprimant le même récepteur convergent vers un même glomérule dont la position spatiale est remarquablement précise et stéréotypée [4]. Ainsi, la détection d'une odeur par une combinaison unique de récepteurs au niveau de l'épithélium se traduit à la surface du bulbe par une carte spatiale d'activation glomérulaire, spécifique d'une odeur et comparable d'un individu à l'autre.…”

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Olfaction : quand le cortex redistribue les cartes

Lepousez

Gheusi

2011

Med Sci (Paris)

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Visualizing an Olfactory Sensory Map

Cited by 1,856 publications

References 39 publications

Fierce: a new mouse deletion of Nr2e1; violent behaviour and ocular abnormalities are background-dependent

Fierce: a new mouse deletion of Nr2e1; violent behaviour and ocular abnormalities are background-dependent

Exclusive transmission of the embryonic stem cell‐derived genome through the mouse germline

Olfaction : quand le cortex redistribue les cartes

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