Visualizing Brain Inflammation with a Shingled-Leg Radio-Frequency Head Probe for 19F/1H MRI

Waiczies, Helmar; Lepore, Stefano; Drechsler, Susanne; Qadri, Fatimunnisa; Purfürst, Bettina; Sydow, Karl; Dathe, Margitta; Kühne, André; Lindel, T.; Hoffmann, Werner; Pohlmann, Andreas; Niendorf, Thoralf; Waiczies, Sonia

doi:10.1038/srep01280

Cited by 41 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…More recently, it was also shown that leukocytes infiltrate periventricular tissue as well as perivascular spaces prior to clinical symptom onset [36]. In agreement with this study, we have also recently shown an extensive accumulation of inflammatory cells on the ventral side of the forebrain, midbrain and brainstem as shown by fluorine/proton MRI [37]. …”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Enlargement of Cerebral Ventricles as an Early Indicator of Encephalomyelitis

et al. 2013

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Inflammatory disorders of the central nervous system such as multiple sclerosis and acute disseminated encephalomyelitis involve an invasion of immune cells that ultimately leads to white matter demyelination, neurodegeneration and development of neurological symptoms. A clinical diagnosis is often made when neurodegenerative processes are already ongoing. In an attempt to seek early indicators of disease, we studied the temporal and spatial distribution of brain modifications in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). In a thorough magnetic resonance imaging study performed with EAE mice, we observed significant enlargement of the ventricles prior to disease clinical manifestation and an increase in free water content within the cerebrospinal fluid as demonstrated by changes in T2 relaxation times. The increase in ventricle size was seen in the lateral, third and fourth ventricles. In some EAE mice the ventricle size started returning to normal values during disease remission. In parallel to this macroscopic phenomenon, we studied the temporal evolution of microscopic lesions commonly observed in the cerebellum also starting prior to disease onset. Our data suggest that changes in ventricle size during the early stages of brain inflammation could be an early indicator of the events preceding neurological disease and warrant further exploration in preclinical and clinical studies.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Enlargement of Cerebral Ventricles as an Early Indicator of Encephalomyelitis

et al. 2013

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“…Although the migration capability of DCs labeled with DPPE-enriched fluorine nanoparticles is diminished when compared to non-enriched nanoparticles, when given at the same PFCE labeling concentration, lower concentrations of DPPE-enriched fluorine nanoparticles still resulted in a higher 19 F signal per million cells and minimal decrease in migration, implying a possible threshold for aminophospholipid enriched nanoparticle labelling concentration that increases the 19 F MRS signal without influencing DC migration ability. The order of magnitude increase in 19 F signal we observed with 19 F spectroscopy could be translated into two advantages: (i) we could decrease the concentration of the 19 F label (PFCE) from 20 μmol (employed in our original studies5612) to 5 μmol per 10 7 DCs and thus decrease the impact of the 19 F label on cell migration and (ii) the sensitivity gain considerably improved the cell detection limit to enable imaging and quantification of DCs within specific anatomical regions in vivo.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anchoring Dipalmitoyl Phosphoethanolamine to Nanoparticles Boosts Cellular Uptake and Fluorine-19 Magnetic Resonance Signal

Waiczies

Lepore

Sydow

et al. 2015

Sci Rep

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Magnetic resonance (MR) methods to detect and quantify fluorine (19F) nuclei provide the opportunity to study the fate of cellular transplants in vivo. Cells are typically labeled with 19F nanoparticles, introduced into living organisms and tracked by 19F MR methods. Background-free imaging and quantification of cell numbers are amongst the strengths of 19F MR-based cell tracking but challenges pertaining to signal sensitivity and cell detection exist. In this study we aimed to overcome these limitations by manipulating the aminophospholipid composition of 19F nanoparticles in order to promote their uptake by dendritic cells (DCs). As critical components of biological membranes, phosphatidylethanolamines (PE) were studied. Both microscopy and MR spectroscopy methods revealed a striking (at least one order of magnitude) increase in cytoplasmic uptake of 19F nanoparticles in DCs following enrichment with 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine (DPPE). The impact of enriching 19F nanoparticles with PE on DC migration was also investigated. By manipulating the nanoparticle composition and as a result the cellular uptake we provide here one way of boosting 19F signal per cell in order to overcome some of the limitations related to 19F MR signal sensitivity. The boost in signal is ultimately necessary to detect and track cells in vivo.

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“…For the 47 mmol/L FA sample, TE values of 5. 5,9,15,20,30,40, 50 and 60 ms were employed. For both FA concentrations, TR was set to 4000 ms with number of averages = 128 and total scan time = 512 s. To calculate the T 1 and T 2 relaxation times for each sample, data were fitted to T 1 and T 2 relaxation equations using MATLAB.…”

Section: F Mr Spectroscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

Eight-channel transceiver RF coil array tailored for ¹ H/¹⁹ F MR of the human knee and fluorinated drugs at 7.0 T

Waiczies

Winter

et al. 2015

NMR Biomed.

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The purpose of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of an eight‐channel dual‐tuned transceiver surface RF coil array for combined 1H/19F MR of the human knee at 7.0 T following application of 19F‐containing drugs. The 1H/19F RF coil array includes a posterior module with two 1H loop elements and two anterior modules, each consisting of one 1H and two 19F elements. The decoupling of neighbor elements is achieved by a shared capacitor. Electromagnetic field simulations were performed to afford uniform transmission fields and to be in accordance with RF safety guidelines. Localized 19F MRS was conducted with 47 and 101 mmol/L of flufenamic acid (FA) – a 19F‐containing non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drug – to determine T1 and T2 and to study the 19F signal‐to‐dose relationship. The suitability of the proposed approach for 1H/19F MR was examined in healthy subjects. Reflection coefficients of each channel were less than −17 dB and coupling between channels was less than −11 dB. QL/QU was less than 0.5 for all elements. MRS results demonstrated signal stability with 1% variation. T1 and T2 relaxation times changed with concentration of FA: T1/T2 = 673/31 ms at 101 mmol/L and T1/T2 = 616/26 ms at 47 mmol/L. A uniform signal and contrast across the patella could be observed in proton imaging. The sensitivity of the RF coil enabled localization of FA ointment administrated to the knee with an in‐plane spatial resolution of (1.5 × 1.5) mm2 achieved in a total scan time of approximately three minutes, which is well suited for translational human studies. This study shows the feasibility of combined 1H/19F MRI of the knee at 7.0 T and proposes T1 and T2 mapping methods for quantifying fluorinated drugs in vivo. Further technological developments are necessary to promote real‐time bioavailability studies and quantification of 19F‐containing medicinal compounds in vivo. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Visualizing Brain Inflammation with a Shingled-Leg Radio-Frequency Head Probe for 19F/1H MRI

Cited by 41 publications

References 36 publications

Enlargement of Cerebral Ventricles as an Early Indicator of Encephalomyelitis

Enlargement of Cerebral Ventricles as an Early Indicator of Encephalomyelitis

Anchoring Dipalmitoyl Phosphoethanolamine to Nanoparticles Boosts Cellular Uptake and Fluorine-19 Magnetic Resonance Signal

Eight-channel transceiver RF coil array tailored for ¹ H/¹⁹ F MR of the human knee and fluorinated drugs at 7.0 T

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Visualizing Brain Inflammation with a Shingled-Leg Radio-Frequency Head Probe for 19F/1H MRI

Cited by 41 publications

References 36 publications

Enlargement of Cerebral Ventricles as an Early Indicator of Encephalomyelitis

Enlargement of Cerebral Ventricles as an Early Indicator of Encephalomyelitis

Anchoring Dipalmitoyl Phosphoethanolamine to Nanoparticles Boosts Cellular Uptake and Fluorine-19 Magnetic Resonance Signal

Eight-channel transceiver RF coil array tailored for 1 H/19 F MR of the human knee and fluorinated drugs at 7.0 T

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Eight-channel transceiver RF coil array tailored for ¹ H/¹⁹ F MR of the human knee and fluorinated drugs at 7.0 T