Vitamin A derivatives in the prevention and treatment of human cancer.

Lippman, Scott M.; Meyskens, Frank L.

doi:10.1080/07315724.1988.10720244

Cited by 24 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 85 publications

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“…It was reported that the systemic use of vitamin A and its derivatives in patients with leukoplakia,64, 67 as well as in patients with other oral conditions,68 was associated with a high prevalence of side effects. Natural vitamin A at clinically tolerated doses has only limited activity against human neoplastic conditions 69. Therefore, clinical work has focused on the systemic derivatives with a higher therapeutic index.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of retinoids on premalignant oral lesions

Gorsky¹,

Epstein²

2002

Cancer

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BACKGROUND Retinoids have been studied as chemopreventive treatment for patients with oropharyngeal carcinoma. Vitamin A modulates growth and differentiation of cells, and its deficiency enhances susceptibility to carcinogenesis. The chemopreventive mechanism of action of vitamin A is discussed, and a review of clinical results and side effects of the systemic use of vitamin A is included. The objective of the current report was to review the possible role of topical vitamin A and vitamin A derivatives in the management of patients with oral lesions with a risk of transformation to carcinoma. METHODS: A Medline search was conducted and references identified within the identified papers were also reviewed. RESULTS Only four studies using topical vitamin A for patients with oral leukoplakia have been reported. A complete response was achieved in 10–27% of patients, and a partial response was achieved in 54–90% of patients; however, recurrence of leukoplakia was reported after withdrawing the medication in approximately 50% of patients. The side effects of the topical use were minimal. CONCLUSIONS Although the direct application of higher concentrations of retinoic acid results in suppression of oral leukoplakias only, its use in the treatment of patients with recurrent and persistent lesions may be justified for controlling lesions that otherwise may progress. Further controlled clinical studies are needed. Cancer 2002;95:1258–64. © 2002 American Cancer Society. DOI 10.1002/cncr.10874

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of retinoids on premalignant oral lesions

Gorsky¹,

Epstein²

2002

Cancer

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“…In addition, antiproliferative effects have been observed in vitro in a great variety of cells, including lines derived from mammary carcinomas, melanomas, lymphomas, and fibroblasts [1,7]. As their differentiating and anti proliferative properties suggest, retinoids suppress the development of the malignant phenotype in vitro and in vivo [2,[8][9][10][11] I. To date, retinoids have been reported to retard a number of malignant and premalignant conditions during clinical trials [ 10,12,131. Retinoids alter hepatocyte differentiation and carcinogenesis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression of retinoic acid α and β receptor genes in liver and hepatocellular carcinoma

Sever¹,

Locker²

1991

Molecular Carcinogenesis

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cDNA probes for human retinoic acid receptors alpha and beta (RAR alpha and RAR beta) were modified for use as specific hybridization probes to study hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC) and cell lines, liver regeneration, and fetal development. RAR beta mRNA was detected at low levels in adult liver and rose markedly during the early phase of liver regeneration. RAR beta mRNA was present at very low levels in HCC and was not detected in fetal liver. In contrast, RAR alpha mRNA was present at low levels in normal liver, but showed a marked elevation in several HCCs and cell lines. Growth of cell lines was altered by retinoic acid (RA), but the effects could not be predicted by the levels of either RAR alpha or RAR beta mRNA. However, the response correlated with cell phenotype. Three cell lines with an adult phenotype (high albumin and low alpha-fetoprotein) were inhibited by RA, two undifferentiated lines showed moderate growth stimulation, and two of three cell lines that had high levels of alpha-fetoprotein were markedly stimulated by RA.

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“…It also may prevent the binding of carcinogens to DNA (6). In addition, ␤-carotene is converted to vitamin A in humans; the hormone-like effects of vitamin A on epithelial tissue cell growth and differentiation may inhibit the promotional stages of carcinogenesis (7). Both ␤-carotene and vitamin A have immunomodulatory effects and may enhance immune surveillance in carcinogenesis (8).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%