Vitamin A distribution and content in tissues of the lamprey, <i>Lampetra japonica</i>

Wold, Heidi L; Wake, Kanako; Higashi, Nobuyo; Wang, Daren; Kojima, Naosuke; Imai, Katsuyuki; Blomhoff, Rune; Senoo, Haruki

doi:10.1002/ar.a.10345

Cited by 27 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…In lower vertebrates similar cells are found not only in the liver, but also in intestine, kidney, ovaries, testes and gills (Blomhoff and Wake 1991). They have also been reported in lamprey intestine, kidney, gill and heart (Bauer and Wake 1996;Wold et al 2004). The presence of stellate cells in lower vertebrates, and their preservation throughout phylogenetic development, points to an important evolutionary role (Friedman 1996).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 83%

The diffuse stellate cell system

Zhao

Burt

2007

J Mol Hist

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Hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) play an important role in liver fibrogenesis. Morphologically similar cells have been found at extrahepatic sites such as pancreas, kidney and colon. The true phenotypic relationship between these cells has not been fully established. We carried out immunohistochemical staining in normal tissues from liver, kidney, colon, pancreas, lung and heart, obtained from a range of species. Immunoreactivity to antibodies directed to synemin, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), nestin, neurofilament-L, beta-tubulin, protein gene product 9.5 (PGP9.5), S100, desmin, alpha-smooth muscle actin (alpha-SMA) and vimentin was examined. Synemin was identified in HSCs, pancreatic stellate cells, mesangial cells and in peribronchiolar stellate-shaped fibroblasts. GFAP positivity was detected in HSCs and peribronchiolar stellate-shaped fibroblasts. Desmin immunoreactivity was detected in HSCs, pancreatic stellate cells, mesangial cells, periglomerular and peritubular fibroblasts, subepithelial fibroblasts, as well as in peribronchiolar stellate-shaped fibroblasts. Vimentin expression was evident in HSCs, periductal fibroblasts, pancreatic stellate cells, fibroblasts within the fibroconnective tissue capsule, mesangial cells, subepithelial fibroblasts and the interstitial cells of Cajal, as well as in peribronchiolar fibroblasts. Mesangial cells and peritubular fibroblasts showed nestin immunoreactivity. Our data indicates that mesenchymal cells at extrahepatic sites express many of the neural and muscle-associated proteins seen in HSCs; there are however species differences in the expression pattern of these proteins. The findings support the concept of a diffuse stellate cell system in mammals.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 83%

The diffuse stellate cell system

Zhao

Burt

2007

J Mol Hist

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“…PXR (Pregnane X receptor), or SXR (steroid X receptor) in human, has been categorized in an orphan nuclear receptor, and its ligands include pregnane steroids, bile acids and drug ligands such as rifampicin (Wright, 2006). Recently, vitamin K is also shown to be a PXR ligand (Tabb et al, 2003; Igarashi et al, 2007).…”

Section: Function Of Hscsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatic stellate cell (vitamin A‐storing cell) and its relative – past, present and future

Senoo

Yoshikawa

Morii

et al. 2010

Cell Biology International

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179

133

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HSCs (hepatic stellate cells) (also called vitamin A-storing cells, lipocytes, interstitial cells, fat-storing cells or Ito cells) exist in the space between parenchymal cells and liver sinusoidal endothelial cells of the hepatic lobule and store 50-80% of vitamin A in the whole body as retinyl palmitate in lipid droplets in the cytoplasm. In physiological conditions, these cells play pivotal roles in the regulation of vitamin A homoeostasis. In pathological conditions, such as hepatic fibrosis or liver cirrhosis, HSCs lose vitamin A and synthesize a large amount of extracellular matrix components including collagen, proteoglycan, glycosaminoglycan and adhesive glycoproteins. Morphology of these cells also changes from the star-shaped SCs (stellate cells) to that of fibroblasts or myofibroblasts. The hepatic SCs are now considered to be targets of therapy of hepatic fibrosis or liver cirrhosis. HSCs are activated by adhering to the parenchymal cells and lose stored vitamin A during hepatic regeneration. Vitamin A-storing cells exist in extrahepatic organs such as the pancreas, lungs, kidneys and intestines. Vitamin A-storing cells in the liver and extrahepatic organs form a cellular system. The research of the vitamin A-storing cells has developed and expanded vigorously. The past, present and future of the research of the vitamin A-storing cells (SCs) will be summarized and discussed in this review.

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“…Our data are only from hepatic tissues, and it is unclear if other tumors of the larger PEComa family also share similarities with stellate cells. AMLs have been found in a large number of other organs, but this is not necessarily surprising, given the data from animal studies [19,20] that suggest a wide distribution of vitamin Astoring stellatelike cells in many epithelial organs including the kidney, lungs, and intestine. We also note that extrahepatic stellate cells have also been identified in human tissues [21].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%