Vitamin A exerts its antiinflammatory activities in colitis through preservation of mitochondrial activity

Reifen, Ram; Levy, Eran; Berkovich, Zipi; Tirosh, Oren

doi:10.1016/j.nut.2015.05.011

Cited by 27 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Cytochrome C level was shown to be modulated in animal models of colitis. Tirosh et al [84, 85] demonstrated reduced colonic cytochrome C levels at 24 h post TNBS administration in rats at both miRNA and protein levels, while Crespo et al [76] showed enhanced cytochrome C expression at 2–7 days post TNBS administration in rats, which was also shown in our study (Fig 5). The colonic levels of various caspases were shown to be increased post colitis induction.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Anti-Inflammatory Properties of the Enaminone E121 in the Dextran Sulfate Sodium (DSS) Colitis Model

2016

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BackgroundEnaminones are synthetic compounds with an established role in the prevention of various forms of seizures. Recent evidence suggests potent anti-tussive, bronchodilation and anti-inflammatory properties. Pre-treatment with particularly E121 compound resulted in a decrease in leukocyte recruitment in the ovalbumin induced-model of asthma, immune cell proliferation and cytokine release in vitro. We hypothesize that E121 might serve as a therapeutic potential in intestinal inflammation through modulating immune cell functions.MethodsColitis was induced by daily dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) administration for 5 days, and its severity was determined by gross and histological assessments. The plasma level of various cytokines was measured using flow cytometry-based assay. The colonic expression/ phosphorylation level of various molecules was determined by immunofluorescence and western blotting. The effects of E121 treatment on in vitro neutrophil chemotaxis (under-agarose assay), superoxide release (luminol oxidation assay) and apoptosis (annexin V/7AAD) were also determined.ResultsDSS-induced colitis in mice was significantly reduced by daily E121 treatment (30–100 mg/kg) at gross and histological levels. This effect was due to modulated plasma levels of interleukin (IL-2) and colonic expression levels of various signaling molecules and proteins involved in apoptosis. In vitro neutrophil survival, chemotaxis, and superoxide release were also reduced by E121 treatment.ConclusionOur results indicate important anti-inflammatory actions of E121 in the pathogenesis of IBD.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Anti-Inflammatory Properties of the Enaminone E121 in the Dextran Sulfate Sodium (DSS) Colitis Model

2016

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“…Patients suffering from Crohn’s disease have shown an increased level of IL-6 after vitamin D3 treatment[ 59 ]. The protective effects of vitamin A have been investigated in a TNBS-induced colitis mouse model, and after 21 days of treatment, vitamin A substantially increased the proliferation of mitochondrial transcription factors NFR-1 and TFAM and prevented intestinal tissue damage[ 60 ].…”

Section: Diets and Dietary Interventions For Ibdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diets, functional foods, and nutraceuticals as alternative therapies for inflammatory bowel disease: Present status and future trends

Mijan

Lim

2018

WJG

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Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a serious health concern among western societies. The disease is also on the rise in some East Asian countries and in Australia. Health professionals and dietitians around the world are facing an unprecedented challenge to prevent and control the increasing prevalence of IBD. The current therapeutic strategy that includes drugs and biological treatments is inefficient and are associated with adverse health consequences. In this context, the use of natural products is gaining worldwide attention. In vivo studies and clinical evidence suggest that well-planned dietary regimens with specific nutrients can alleviate gastrointestinal inflammation by modulating inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interleukin 1 (IL-1), IL-6, IL-1β, and IL-10. Alternatively, the avoidance of high-fat and high-carbohydrate diets is regarded as an effective tool to eliminate the causes of IBD. Many functional foods and bioactive components have received attention for showing strong therapeutic effects against IBD. Both animal and human studies suggest that bioactive functional foods can ameliorate IBD by downregulating the pro-inflammatory signaling pathways, such as nuclear factor κB, STAT1, STAT6, and pro-inflammatory cytokines, including IL-1β, IL-4, IL-6, COX-2, TNF-α, and interferon γ. Therefore, functional foods and diets have the potential to alleviate IBD by modulating the underlying pathogenic mechanisms. Future comprehensive studies are needed to corroborate the potential roles of functional foods and diets in the prevention and control of IBD.

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“…In addition, vitamin A might regulate and maintain the intestinal epithelial barrier through IL-22 [193]. Specifically, retinoic acid, the most biological form of vitamin A, was reported to promote tolerance and reduce inflammation in rodent colitis models [194,195]. Other studies have described vitamin A as a stimulating agent for migration and proliferation of IECs whilst balancing the gut microbiome [193,196].…”

Section: Nutritional Interventions For Pelvic Radiotherapy-inducedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Food Supplements to Mitigate Detrimental Effects of Pelvic Radiotherapy

et al. 2019

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Pelvic radiotherapy has been frequently reported to cause acute and late onset gastrointestinal (GI) toxicities associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Although the underlying mechanisms of pelvic radiation-induced GI toxicity are poorly understood, they are known to involve a complex interplay between all cell types comprising the intestinal wall. Furthermore, increasing evidence states that the human gut microbiome plays a role in the development of radiation-induced health damaging effects. Gut microbial dysbiosis leads to diarrhea and fatigue in half of the patients. As a result, reinforcement of the microbiome has become a hot topic in various medical disciplines. To counteract GI radiotoxicities, apart from traditional pharmacological compounds, adjuvant therapies are being developed including food supplements like vitamins, prebiotics, and probiotics. Despite the easy, cheap, safe, and feasible approach to protect patients against acute radiation-induced toxicity, clinical trials have yielded contradictory results. In this review, a detailed overview is given of the various clinical, intestinal manifestations after pelvic irradiation as well as the role of the gut microbiome herein. Furthermore, whilst discussing possible strategies to prevent these symptoms, food supplements are presented as auspicious, prophylactic, and therapeutic options to mitigate acute pelvic radiation-induced GI injury by exploring their molecular mechanisms of action.

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Vitamin A exerts its antiinflammatory activities in colitis through preservation of mitochondrial activity

Cited by 27 publications

References 14 publications

Anti-Inflammatory Properties of the Enaminone E121 in the Dextran Sulfate Sodium (DSS) Colitis Model

Anti-Inflammatory Properties of the Enaminone E121 in the Dextran Sulfate Sodium (DSS) Colitis Model

Diets, functional foods, and nutraceuticals as alternative therapies for inflammatory bowel disease: Present status and future trends

Food Supplements to Mitigate Detrimental Effects of Pelvic Radiotherapy

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