Vitamin A Update: Forms, Sources, Kinetics, Detection, Function, Deficiency, Therapeutic Use and Toxicity

Carazo, Alejandro; Macáková, Kateřina; Matoušová, Kateřina; Krčmová, Lenka Kujovská; Protti, Michele; Mladěnka, Přemysl

doi:10.3390/nu13051703

Cited by 204 publications

(169 citation statements)

References 350 publications

(478 reference statements)

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“…There is also evidence supporting the protective role of vitamins against viral infections through multiple mechanisms [44]. EVOO is one of the staple foods of the MetDiet, and is the main dietary source of vitamin E. This vitamin is one of the most effective nutrients enhancing immune function and inflammation [44,50]. Several studies have indicated that vitamin E deficiency impairs both humoral and cell-mediated immune functions [51,52].…”

Section: Mediterranean Diet and Covid-19: Plausible Mechanisms Of Potential Benefitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mediterranean Diet a Potential Strategy against SARS-CoV-2 Infection: A Narrative Review

et al. 2021

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Mediterranean Diet represents the traditional eating habits of populations living around the Mediterranean Sea, and it is associated with a lower risk of overall mortality and cancer incidence and cardiovascular diseases. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 is a new pandemic, and represents a significant and critical threat to global human health. In this study, we aimed to review the possible effects of Mediterranean Diet against the risk of the coronavirus disease 2019. Several vitamins, minerals, fatty acids, and phytochemicals with their potential anti-COVID-19 activity are presented. Different risk factors may increase or reduce the probability of contracting the disease. Mediterranean Diet has also a positive action on inflammation and immune system and could have a protective effect against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. Further studies are needed to corroborate the benefits of the Mediterranean Diet protective role on infection with SARS-CoV-2.

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Section: Mediterranean Diet and Covid-19: Plausible Mechanisms Of Potential Benefitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mediterranean Diet a Potential Strategy against SARS-CoV-2 Infection: A Narrative Review

et al. 2021

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“…Studies have shown that the accumulation of carotenoids and flavonoids contributes to the seeds’ palatability and nutritional value [ 36 , 37 ]. As an important provitamin A, carotenoids can be metabolized to retinol, effectively preventing vision loss [ 38 ]. By comparing the transcript levels of carotenoid structural genes between green and yellow color millets, the role of carotenoids in the formation of yellow millet color has been proven [ 39 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Analysis of Flavonoid Metabolites in Foxtail Millet (Setaria italica) with Different Eating Quality

Zhang

Gao

Qie

et al. 2021

Life

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Foxtail millet (Setaria italica) is an important minor cereal crop in China. The yellow color of the de-husked grain is the most direct aspect for evaluating the foxtail millet quality. The yellow pigment mainly includes carotenoids (lutein and zeaxanthin) and flavonoids. To reveal the diversity and specificity of flavonoids in foxtail millet, we chose three high eating quality and two poor eating quality varieties as research materials. A total of 116 flavonoid metabolites were identified based on Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography-Electrospray Ionization-Tandem Mass Spectrometry (UPLC-ESI-MS/MS) system. The tested varieties contained similar levels of flavonoid metabolites, but with each variety accumulating its unique flavonoid metabolites. A total of 33 flavonoid metabolites were identified as significantly discrepant between high eating quality and poor eating quality varieties, which were mainly in the flavonoid biosynthesis pathway and one of its branches, the flavone and flavonol biosynthesis pathway. These results showed the diversified components of flavonoids accumulated in foxtail millets and laid the foundation for further research on flavonoids and the breeding for high-quality foxtail millet varieties.

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“…Carotenoids are transformed into retinyl esters or β-carotene through a series of reactions and are secreted into the bloodstream associated with micelles. The absorption and metabolism of vitamin A and carotenoids in the intestine and the role of the proteins involved are described in detail in these recent updates from Carazo et al [ 28 ].…”

Section: Structure Sources and Absorption Of Vitamin A And Carotenoidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Updated Comprehensive Review on Vitamin A and Carotenoids in Breast Cancer: Mechanisms, Genetics, Assessment, Current Evidence, and Future Clinical Implications

2021

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Vitamin A and carotenoids are fat-soluble micronutrients that play important role as powerful antioxidants modulating oxidative stress and cancer development. Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in women. As the risk of breast cancer is dependent on various lifestyle factors such as dietary modifications, there is increasing interest surrounding the anti-cancerous properties of vitamin A and carotenoids. Despite the suggested protective roles of vitamin A and carotenoids in breast cancer development, their clinical application for the prevention and treatment of breast cancer is limited. In this narrative review, we discuss the roles of vitamin A and carotenoids along with the evaluation method of vitamin A status. We also exhibit the association of genetic variations involved in metabolism of vitamin A and carotenoids with cancers and other diseases. We demonstrate the epidemiological evidence for the relationship of vitamin A and carotenoids with breast cancer risk, their effects on cancer mechanism, and the recent updates in clinical practice of vitamin A or carotenoids as a potential therapeutic agent against breast cancer. This review provides insight into the preventive and therapeutic roles of vitamin A and carotenoids in breast cancer development and progression.

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Vitamin A Update: Forms, Sources, Kinetics, Detection, Function, Deficiency, Therapeutic Use and Toxicity

Cited by 204 publications

References 350 publications

Mediterranean Diet a Potential Strategy against SARS-CoV-2 Infection: A Narrative Review

Mediterranean Diet a Potential Strategy against SARS-CoV-2 Infection: A Narrative Review

Comparative Analysis of Flavonoid Metabolites in Foxtail Millet (Setaria italica) with Different Eating Quality

An Updated Comprehensive Review on Vitamin A and Carotenoids in Breast Cancer: Mechanisms, Genetics, Assessment, Current Evidence, and Future Clinical Implications

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