Vitamin B6 deficiency in uremia and its implications for the depression of immune responses

Dobbelstein, H; Körner, Wilhelm; Mempel, W; Grosse‐Wilde, H.; Edel, Heinz H.

doi:10.1038/ki.1974.28

Cited by 130 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…HD can reduce the level of mid dle molecules with improvement in lympho cyte function [30]. A long list of factors capa ble of interfering with lymphocyte function include: nutritional status [70], plasma cyclic AMP levels [71], thymosin deficiency [72], a reversible vitamin B6 coenzyme deficiency [73] and a variety of circulatory cytotoxic antibodies [74], Thus, it is not surprising that several studies have found the suppressive effect nondialyzable [54,[56][57][58] and others have found improvement after dialysis [54][55][56],…”

Section: Altered In Vitro Lymphocyte Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immune Abnormalities in Renal Failure and Hemodialysis

Kay¹,

Raij²

1986

Blood Purif

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Considerable work needs to be done in order to understand the immunosupressive effect of ‘uremia’ and the lymphocyte changes induced by hemodialysis. For example, the lymphocyte population dynamics can be further defined using monoclonal antibodies specific for lymphocyte subgroups. In vitro assays are available for lymphokine detection (i.e. IL-1, IL-2 which are important for T cell function) and may be correlated with both the clinical state and overall immunobiological status of hemodialyzed patients. The possibility of specifically delineating the extent of the immune system dysfunction in renal failure patients (on or off dialysis) is at hand. With this knowledge it will be possible to manipulate their management so as to minimize function alterations.

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Section: Altered In Vitro Lymphocyte Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immune Abnormalities in Renal Failure and Hemodialysis

Kay¹,

Raij²

1986

Blood Purif

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“…Preliminary experiments by G ulyassy et al [22] suggested that absorption of both trytophan and the leucine analogue cycloleucine was impaired in uraemic individuals. Evidence of pyridoxine deficiency has been reported [10], but no data are available to show whether poor diet, poor absorption, or increased demand for pyridoxine was respon- sible. The GOT activity of erythrocytes was reduced in uraemia and was restored to normal by pyridoxine 300 mg daily [10].…”

Section: Disordered Protein Metabolism In Uraemiamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Evidence of pyridoxine deficiency has been reported [10], but no data are available to show whether poor diet, poor absorption, or increased demand for pyridoxine was respon- sible. The GOT activity of erythrocytes was reduced in uraemia and was restored to normal by pyridoxine 300 mg daily [10]. Of possibly greater im portance was the observation that the diminished reactivity of mixed lympho cyte cultures was restored to normal by pyridoxine [10], a finding which raised the possibility that suppression of delayed hypersensitivity in uraemia might be partly due to pyridoxine deficiency.…”

Section: Disordered Protein Metabolism In Uraemiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Protein Metabolism in Uraemia

Richards¹

1975

Nephron

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Protein metabolism in uraemia is reviewed. Very few, if any, disorders of amino acid metabolism can at present confidently be attributed to uraemia per se rather than to protein/energy deprivation. Retained urea nitrogen is recycled to the liver as ammonia; a proportion is reutilized for synthesis of non-essential amino acids and, if their carbon skeletons are supplied, for synthesis of essential amino acids. Practical applications of the reutilization of non-amino nitrogen in advanced chronic renal failure are being explored. Nevertheless, uraemic individuals readily become undernourished, and they should receive as much protein as their symptoms will permit.

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“…Still, recognition that polyamine-pyridoxal Schiff base conjugates occur in urine is noteworthy. A number of pathological states, including uremia and cancer, are accompanied by increased polyamine levels in body fluids (21)(22)(23)(24) and by vitamin B-6 insufficiency (25,26). The possibility that the dynamics of transport and physiological actions of the polyamines and pyridoxal (pyridoxal phosphate) in body fluids are linked is an intriguing one and is consistent with the occurrence of polyamine-pyridoxal Schiff bases in urine.…”

mentioning

confidence: 93%

Polyamine-pyridoxal Schiff bases in urine.

Aigner-Held¹,

Campbell²,

Daves³

1979

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Schiff bases of the diamines 1,3-diaminopropane, putrescine, and cadaverine and the polyamines spermidine and spermine with pyridoxal or pyridoxal phosphate occur in human urine, as shown by gas chromatographic/mass spectrometric selected ion-monitoring techniques. By use of synthetic standards, procedures were devised for conversion of the Schiff bases to stable derivatives amenable to gas chromatoFraphic/mass spectrometric analysis. These procedures involve borohydride reduction of the C=N double bond, hydrolytic removal of the phosphate group, chromatographic separation from the bulk of urinary constituents, and trifluoroacetylation of polar functional groups. The levels of the polyamine-pyridoxal Schiff bases were estimated to be in the range of pmol/ml of urine.The presence in human urine of Schiff bases of the diamines 1,3-diaminopropane, putrescine, and cadaverine and the polyamines spermidine and spermine with pyridoxal or pyridoxal phosphate (Fig. 1) has been established by gas chromatographic/mass spectrometric selected ion-monitoring techniques. Pyridoxal phosphate undergoes Schiff base formation with a variety of endogenous amines (1). Indeed, the principal storage forms of pyridoxal phosphate are as Schiff base conjugates with various proteins (1-6). To our knowledge, the occurrence of polyamine-pyridoxal Schiff bases in body fluids has not been recognized previously although these conjugates are known synthetically (7,8). EXPERIMENTAL Materials and Instrumentation. All chemicals used were reagent grade; glassware was rinsed in 5 M HC1 prior to use. Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (gc/ms) experiments were carried out with a DuPont 21-491B mass spectrometer interfaced with a Varian 2700 gas chromatograph. This system is equipped with a four-channel DuPont MSID accessory for selected ion monitoring (SIM) analysis. Outputs from the gas chromatograph flame ionization detector and the selected ion monitors were recorded on a Gould Brush 260 six-channel recorder. The 1 m X 2 mm glass column was packed with 3%

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Vitamin B6 deficiency in uremia and its implications for the depression of immune responses

Cited by 130 publications

References 13 publications

Immune Abnormalities in Renal Failure and Hemodialysis

Immune Abnormalities in Renal Failure and Hemodialysis

Protein Metabolism in Uraemia

Polyamine-pyridoxal Schiff bases in urine.

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