Vitamin B6 treatment of gestational diabetes mellitus

Spellacy, William N.; Buhi, William C.; Birk, S.A.

doi:10.1016/0002-9378(77)90356-8

Cited by 48 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…In sucrose-fed rats and Zucker obese rats, vitamin B6 supplementation normalized elevated plasma glucose [97]. Similar improvement in glucose tolerance after vitamin B6 administration was reported in gestational diabetes [101]. This effect of vitamin B6 on glucose metabolism may be a result of its ability to bind methylglyoxal thus preventing further inhibition of the glycolytic enzyme GAPDH.…”

Section: Vitamin B6supporting

confidence: 52%

Antioxidants in the treatment of hypertension

Vasdev

Gill

2011

Int J Angiol

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Hypertension is a major health problem worldwide. Individuals with hypertension are at an increased risk for stroke, heart disease, and kidney failure. Although the etiology of essential hypertension has a genetic component, lifestyle factors such as diet play an important role. Insulin resistance and glucose intolerance are common features of hypertension in humans and in animal models. Altered glucose metabolism leads to an increased production of the reactive aldehyde, methylglyoxal. Methylglyoxal binds sulfhydryl and amino groups of proteins forming conjugates/advanced glycation end products (AGEs). This alters protein structure and function and can affect vascular calcium channels, enzymes, and tissue proteins leading to increased oxidative stress. These alterations impair endothelial function leading to an increase in intracellular free calcium, peripheral vascular resistance, and hypertension. Supplementation with antioxidants, including vitamin C, E, or B6, thiols such as lipoic acid and cysteine, and the quinone enzyme Q10, have been shown to lower blood pressure in animal models and humans with essential hypertension. The Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) studies demonstrated that a wellbalanced diet, rich in these nutrients, was effective in lowering blood pressure. These antioxidants may achieve their antihypertensive effects by reducing aldehyde conjugate/AGE formation and oxidative stress, by improving insulin resistance and endothelial function, or by normalizing calcium channels and peripheral vascular resistance. In essential hypertension, deficiencies of antioxidants may exist or a higher than normal amount may be required to correct metabolic abnormalities. Dietary supplementation with antioxidants may be a beneficial, inexpensive, first-line alternate treatment modality for hypertension.

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Section: Vitamin B6supporting

confidence: 52%

Antioxidants in the treatment of hypertension

Vasdev

Gill

2011

Int J Angiol

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“…Vitamin B 6 deficiency has been associated with degenerative changes in h-cells in the islets of Langerhans and abnormal glucose tolerance [23]. Pyridoxine supplementation restores normal glucose tolerance [24,25] and reduces the thickening of the glomerular basement membrane [21]. Long-term pyridoxine treatment to diabetic patients prevented retinopathy [9].…”

mentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Blood vitamin B 6 levels are significantly decreased in experimental diabetic animals and diabetic patients [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21]. Vitamin B 6 deficiency in animals is known to reduce pancreatic and circulating insulin levels [22].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamin B6 (pyridoxamine) supplementation and complications of diabetes

Jain

2007

Metabolism

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“…Vitamin B-6 deficiency rarely occurs alone and is often associated with deficiency in several B-complex vitamins (33). Nevertheless, vitamin B-6 has been associated with preeclampsia, carbohydrate intolerance, hyperemesis gravidarum, and neurologic disease of infants (20,21,97,98). Vitamin B-6 deficiency also affects immunity by reducing lymphocyte numbers and the proliferative responses to mitogen, lymphoid tissue weights, graft rejection, interleukin-2 production, delayed-type hypersensitivity reactions, and antibody responses (43).…”

Section: Deficiencymentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrition in pregnancy: mineral and vitamin supplements

Ladipo

2000

The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition

211

129

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Pregnancy is associated with physiologic changes that result in increased plasma volume and red blood cells and decreased concentrations of circulating nutrient-binding proteins and micronutrients. In many developing countries, these physiologic changes can be aggravated by undernutrition, leading to micronutrient deficiency states, such as anemia, that can have disastrous consequences for both mothers and newborn infants. Multiple micronutrients are often taken by pregnant women in developed countries, but their benefits are limited, except for prophylactic folic acid taken during the periconceptional period. Women in developing countries may benefit from multiple-micronutrient prophylaxis in pregnancy, but the underlying basis and rationale for changing from supplementation with iron and folate to supplementation with multiple micronutrients has not been debated in the context of existing program objectives. There is an urgent need for this discussion so that both program effectiveness and program efficacy can be improved. Am J Clin Nutr 2000;72(suppl):280S-90S. KEY WORDSNutrition, vitamins, trace elements, minerals, pregnancy, requirements INTRODUCTIONThe demand for both energy and nutrients is increased during pregnancy (1). For well-nourished women, only a small amount of additional energy is required because the body adapts to the increased energy requirements and becomes more energy efficient through reduced physical activity and a lowered metabolic rate. Although the average-sized, well-nourished woman requires Ϸ10 460 kJ/d (2000 kcal/d) during the last trimester of pregnancy (2), many women in developing countries restrict their food intake during pregnancy to have smaller infants, on the premise that smaller infants will carry a lower risk of delivery complications (3). Recent evidence suggests, however, that infants who are small or disproportionate at birth have increased health risks later in life (4-6). The hypothesis is that such infants have had to adapt to a limited supply of nutrients and that in so doing their physiology and metabolism are permanently changed, although the rationale for this hypothesis has been challenged (7).Requirements for many, but not all, micronutrients increase during pregnancy. Deficiencies can exist because of losses or malabsorption associated with disease or inadequate intakes, lack of knowledge about adequate prenatal nutrition, or dietary taboos associated with pregnancy (8), with potential adverse consequences for both mothers and newborn infants. Rush (9) notes that anemia in pregnancy and pregnancy-induced hypertension are common and thought to contribute significantly to maternal mortality and morbidity in developing countries. Maine (10), however, shows there is little evidence that nutrition plays a role in pregnancy-induced hypertension.This paper discusses minerals and trace elements as well as fat-and water-soluble vitamins in pregnancy-their concentrations, the requirements for them, the consequences of their deficiency, and the functional eff...

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Vitamin B6 treatment of gestational diabetes mellitus

Cited by 48 publications

References 14 publications

Antioxidants in the treatment of hypertension

Antioxidants in the treatment of hypertension

Vitamin B6 (pyridoxamine) supplementation and complications of diabetes

Nutrition in pregnancy: mineral and vitamin supplements

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