Vitamin D and 1-hour post-load plasma glucose in hypertensive patients

Sciacqua, Angela; Perticone, Maria; Grillo, Nadia; Falbo, Tania; Bencardino, Giuseppe; Angotti, Elvira; Arturi, Franco; Parlato, Giuseppe; Sesti, Giorgio; Perticone, Francesco

doi:10.1186/1475-2840-13-48

Cited by 17 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Another important finding in this study is the improvement in glucose homeostasis parameters in both groups after 12 months of nutritional therapy, with the most impressive improvement observed in the VLCKD group. Of note, HOMA was another independent predictor of the variation of serum 25(OH)D concentrations after weight loss in the whole study population, confirming previously published data, which demonstrated that vitamin D status affects glucose and insulin homeostasis [30].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Ketogenic Diet-Induced Weight Loss is Associated with an Increase in Vitamin D Levels in Obese Adults

et al. 2019

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Vitamin D is an important micronutrient involved in several processes. Evidence has shown a strong association between hypovitaminosis D and cardio-metabolic diseases, including obesity. A ketogenic diet has proven to be very effective for weight loss, especially in reducing fat mass while preserving fat-free mass. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of a ketogenic diet-induced weight loss on vitamin D status in a population of obese adults. We enrolled 56 obese outpatients, prescribed with either traditional standard hypocaloric Mediterranean diet (SHMD) or very low-calorie ketogenic diet (VLCKD). Serum 25(OH)D concentrations were measured by chemiluminescence. The mean value of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentrations in the whole population at baseline was 17.8 ± 5.6 ng/mL, without differences between groups. After 12 months of dietetic treatment, in VLCKD patients serum 25(OH)D concentrations increased from 18.4 ± 5.9 to 29.3 ± 6.8 ng/mL (p < 0.0001), vs 17.5 ± 6.1 to 21.3 ± 7.6 ng/mL (p = 0.067) in the SHMD group (for each kilogram of weight loss, 25(OH)D concentration increased 0.39 and 0.13 ng/mL in the VLCKD and in the SHMD groups, respectively). In the VLCKD group, the increase in serum 25(OH)D concentrations was strongly associated with body mass index, waist circumference, and fatty mass variation. In a multiple regression analysis, fatty mass was the strongest independent predictor of serum 25(OH)D concentration, explaining 15.6%, 3.3%, and 9.4% of its variation in the whole population, in SHMD, and VLCKD groups, respectively. We also observed a greater reduction of inflammation (evaluated by high-sensitivity C reactive protein (hsCRP) values) and a greater improvement in glucose homeostasis, confirmed by a reduction of HOMA values, in the VLCKD versus the SHMD group. Taken together, all these data suggest that a dietetic regimen, which implies a great reduction of fat mass, can improve vitamin D status in the obese.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Ketogenic Diet-Induced Weight Loss is Associated with an Increase in Vitamin D Levels in Obese Adults

et al. 2019

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“…Additionally, the cholesterol efflux capacity was significantly associated with fasting glucose and the Matsuda index, a validated measure of insulin sensitivity. 20,21 This result supports the hypothesis that the conditions resulting from insulin resistance detrimentally influence cholesterol efflux capacity. A study conducted by Laakso and colleagues demonstrated that the serum HDL and HDL 2 levels in noninsulin-dependent diabetics were lower in comparison to the nondiabetic control subjects.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

“…The Matsuda index is a dynamic measurement of insulin resistance and is strongly related to the ideal measurement of the euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp. 20,21 The fasting lipid profile included total cholesterol, HDL-C, directly measured low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C) cholesterol, and total triglycerides by an enzymatic, colorimetric assay as previously reported. 22 Lipoprotein particle concentration and diameters were measured using an automated NMR.…”

Section: Study Cohortmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Lipid Composition and High-Density Lipoprotein Function in HIV-Infected Individuals on Stable Antiretroviral Regimens

Munger

Chow

Playford

et al. 2015

AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses

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There is an increase in the cardiovascular disease (CVD) morbidity in individuals infected with HIV that may be due to inflammatory lipid modulation not captured by traditional lipid measures. The objective of this study was to perform advanced lipoprotein phenotyping inclusive of the high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol efflux capacity and lipoprotein particle concentration and size in a well-phenotyped group of 118 patients infected with HIV. We used simple and multivariable analyses to determine the associations between advanced lipoprotein parameters and known cardiometabolic risk factors. Participants were on stable antiretroviral therapy (ART) and had benign traditional lipid panels [median total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-C, HDL-C, and triglycerides of 178 mg/dl, 108 mg/dl, 44 mg/dl, and 122.5 mg/dl, respectively]. However, advanced lipoprotein phenotyping demonstrated an elevation of LDL particle number (median of 1,233 nmol/liter) and a decrease in LDL size (median of 20.4 nm), along with a decrease in protective, large HDL particles (median of 3.15 μmol/liter) and reduced HDL cholesterol efflux capacity in comparison to controls of other studies. HDL cholesterol efflux capacity was associated with HDL levels (β=0.395, p<0.001), small LDL particle concentration (β=-0.198, p=0.031), insulin sensitivity by the Matsuda index (β=0.218, p=0.029), and the Framingham Risk Score (β=-0.184, p=0.046). We demonstrate an atherogenic lipoprotein profile by NMR spectroscopy and HDL efflux measurement in a group of HIV-infected patients on stable ART with normal lipid panels.

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“…They were also found to be at high risk for the development of chronic kidney disease, ultrasonographic diagnosis of non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease, increased vascular stiffness, and early carotid atherosclerosis than those with IFG or NGT and 1‐hour PG < 155 mg/dl (8.6 mmol/L). Sub‐analyses demonstrated an association between NGT individuals and a 1‐hour PG ≥155 mg/dl (8.6 mmol/L) with elevated liver enzymes, adverse atherogenic profile, reduced vitamin D concentrations, decreased insulin clearance, insulin sensitivity and reduced β‐cell function, unfavourable inflammatory profile, and whole blood viscosity …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lessons learned from the 1‐hour post‐load glucose level during OGTT: Current screening recommendations for dysglycaemia should be revised

Bergman¹,

Jagannathan

Buysschaert

et al. 2018

Diabetes Metabolism Res

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This perspective covers a novel area of research describing the inadequacies of current approaches for diagnosing dysglycaemia and proposes that the 1-hour post-load glucose level during the 75-g oral glucose tolerance test may serve as a novel biomarker to detect dysglycaemia earlier than currently recommended screening criteria for glucose disorders. Considerable evidence suggests that a 1-hour post-load plasma glucose value ≥155 mg/dl (8.6 mmol/L) may identify individuals with reduced β-cell function prior to progressing to prediabetes and diabetes and is highly predictive of those likely to progress to diabetes more than the HbA or 2-hour post-load glucose values. An elevated 1-hour post-load glucose level was a better predictor of type 2 diabetes than isolated 2-hour post-load levels in Indian, Japanese, and Israeli and Nordic populations. Furthermore, epidemiological studies have shown that a 1-hour PG ≥155 mg/dl (8.6 mmol/L) predicted progression to diabetes as well as increased risk for microvascular disease and mortality when the 2-hour level was <140 mg/dl (7.8 mmol/L). The risk of myocardial infarction or fatal ischemic heart disease was also greater among subjects with elevated 1-hour glucose levels as were risks of retinopathy and peripheral vascular complications in a Swedish cohort. The authors believe that the considerable evidence base supports redefining current screening and diagnostic recommendations with the 1-hour post-load level. Measurement of the 1-hour PG level would increase the likelihood of identifying a larger, high-risk group with the additional practical advantage of potentially replacing the conventional 2-hour oral glucose tolerance test making it more acceptable in a clinical setting.

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Vitamin D and 1-hour post-load plasma glucose in hypertensive patients

Cited by 17 publications

References 46 publications

Ketogenic Diet-Induced Weight Loss is Associated with an Increase in Vitamin D Levels in Obese Adults

Ketogenic Diet-Induced Weight Loss is Associated with an Increase in Vitamin D Levels in Obese Adults

Characterization of Lipid Composition and High-Density Lipoprotein Function in HIV-Infected Individuals on Stable Antiretroviral Regimens

Lessons learned from the 1‐hour post‐load glucose level during OGTT: Current screening recommendations for dysglycaemia should be revised

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