Vitamin D and gastrointestinal cancer

Mahendra, Ashish; Karishma, .; Choudhury, Basanta Kumar; Sharma, Tamanna; Bansal, Neha; Bansal, Richa; Gupta, Shivangi

doi:10.4103/jlp.jlp_49_17

Cited by 43 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Vitamin D is also noted to engage in a variety of physiological pathways including regulation of cell cycle, cellular proliferation, angiogenesis, apoptosis, and molecular cell signaling. This validates its participation in tumorigenic activity [ 9 ]. 1,25D3 binds to a specific vitamin D receptor (VDR), which is a member of the nuclear receptor superfamily.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 68%

Role of Vitamin D in Colorectal Cancer: A Holistic Approach and Review of the Clinical Utility

Javed¹,

Althwanay²,

Ahsan³

et al. 2020

Cureus

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Vitamin D is well known for its effects on the homeostasis of calcium and phosphorus. Lately, considerable research has brought the extra-skeletal role of vitamin D under the spotlight, including its anti-cancer activity. Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the most extensively studied neoplasia that has been observed to be affected by vitamin D; the list includes breast, prostate, and ovarian cancer. This review aims to shine a light on the influence of vitamin D over CRC and to further understand its ability to be used as a potential economical treatment for CRC patients. For this review, PubMed was used as the main database for the literature search. Studies on the role of vitamin D on CRC within 10 years and all of the study types were included. Post the extensive research over PubMed, it was noted that vitamin D, through its effect on multiple pathways, especially Wnt/β-catenin, apoptosis, and inflammation, hinders the progression of CRC carcinogenesis. High levels of this steroid hormone can delay the progression and may provide a cost-effective way of treating CRC patients. Further research and additional human trials are still due to bring about more knowledge on this topic. In conclusion, high serum levels of vitamin D are associated with a lower risk of incidence and progression of CRC.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 68%

Role of Vitamin D in Colorectal Cancer: A Holistic Approach and Review of the Clinical Utility

Javed¹,

Althwanay²,

Ahsan³

et al. 2020

Cureus

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“…The World Health Organization's International Agency for Research on Cancer has reported that there is a strong association between an individual's vitamin D level and the risk of colorectal cancer development and survival [47]. In addition, several observational studies have reported associations between low vitamin D levels and the incidence of, and mortality due to, CRC [48]. Mechanistic studies show that, through gene regulation, 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 or calcitriol (active vitamin D metabolite) inhibits the proliferation and promotes the epithelial differentiation of human colon carcinoma cell lines that express vitamin D receptors [49].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hospital-Based Preliminary Observations of Dietary Intake and Physical Activity in Saudi Patients with Colorectal Polyps: A Call for Nutrition Care Integration after Polypectomy Procedure

Alkhaldy

2020

Gastrointestinal Disorders

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Aim: In Saudi Arabia, the incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC) is increasing. Lifestyle modification, including diet and physical activity, is as important as the standard procedure of colonoscopy screening in reducing CRC development. I explored the dietary intake, physical activity, and selected nutritional biomarkers in Saudi patients with colorectal polyps, a precursor of CRC. Methods: Thirty polypectomy patients (aged 35–84 years) were recruited from an endoscopy unit at King Abdulaziz University Hospital. Demographic, anthropometric, physical activity, and food frequency data were collected. Plasma C-reactive protein, serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D, and folate levels were measured. Results: The median body mass index (BMI) of the patients was within the overweight cut-off range. The median consumption of carbohydrate and protein was within the recommended dietary allowance (RDA). Median fat consumption was above the RDA, while median fiber intake was below the RDA. Patients met the recommended servings/day of fruits, vegetables, dairy products, and protein but exceeded the recommended intake of fats and sweets. Most patients were non-active, with an inadequate level of serum vitamin D. Conclusion: We observed several risk factors previously associated with CRC, including low levels of physical activity, serum vitamin D, and fiber intake, and high BMI and fat intake among polypectomy patients.

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“…A growing body of evidence supports the hypothesis that combinations of vitamin A and D may be more effective than either vitamin alone in epithelial cell cancers, which may have significant clinical impact. It has been suggested that the anticancer effects of vitamin A and D may be mediated through their respective receptors [9,10]. Vitamin A (retinoids) are ligands for the…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combinations of vitamins A, D2 and D3 have synergistic effects in gastric and colon cancer cells

Wicks¹,

Lawal²,

Raut³

et al. 2019

FFHD

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Background: Vitamin D was first hypothesized to play a role in cancer chemoprevention in 1980 when it was observed that there was a higher rate of colon cancer in the Northern USA as compared with populations living in the South. While cholecalciferol (vitamin D3) has been tested in many cancer cell lines, published results for ergocalciferol (vitamin D2) are lacking for most epithelial cell cancers, and combination studies of both D2 and D3 and vitamin A (retinoic acid) are lacking in general. The goal of the study was to investigate the effects of vitamins D2, D3, and A, and combinations on the growth of all gastric and colon cancer cell lines in vitro.Methods: Cell viability and cytotoxicity were determined using the CellTiter-Glo® 2.0, caspase and cytotoxicity activities were determined with Caspase-Glo® 3/7, Caspase 8, ApoTox-Glo™ Triplex Assay. Autophagy was determined using the CYTO-ID® Autophagy Detection Kit 2.0. Gene expression studies were performed using qPCR.Results: Both vitamin D2 and D3 inhibited the growth of all cell lines tested. The IC50 ranged from 19-56 μM. However, when combined (1:1), the IC50 for the combination of D2 and D3 was significantly reduced to a range of 5-6.0 μM indicating synergism. Vitamin A in the form of all trans-retinoic acid (ATRA) also inhibited the growth of all cell lines tested with an IC50 range of 2.6 to 5.6 μM. When ATRA was combined with D2 and D3, the IC50s were again significantly reduced to 0.65 to 1.4 μM, indicating synergistic effects. In gastric and colon cancer cell lines, the combination induced apoptosis via caspase 3/7 and 8, increased the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio; induced autophagy in SW480 cells, increased p53 expression and inhibited the expression of HDACs.Conclusion: Our data demonstrate that vitamins D2, D3 and ATRA reduce the proliferation of colon and gastric cancer cells by increasing Bax expression and the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, and by increasing caspase activities in favor of apoptosis. The ATRA+D2+D3 combination had synergistic effects in all cell lines tested. In HCT 116 colon cancer and AGS gastric cancer cells, the combination also inhibited HDAC 1/3 and SIRT1/3 and increased p53 expression. While in SW480 colon cancer cells the combination also induced autophagy.Key words: apoptosis, autophagy cholcalciferol, ergocalciferol, gastric cancer, colon cancer, caspase, HDAC inhibitors, SIRT1, synergism

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Vitamin D and gastrointestinal cancer

Cited by 43 publications

References 24 publications

Role of Vitamin D in Colorectal Cancer: A Holistic Approach and Review of the Clinical Utility

Role of Vitamin D in Colorectal Cancer: A Holistic Approach and Review of the Clinical Utility

Hospital-Based Preliminary Observations of Dietary Intake and Physical Activity in Saudi Patients with Colorectal Polyps: A Call for Nutrition Care Integration after Polypectomy Procedure

Combinations of vitamins A, D2 and D3 have synergistic effects in gastric and colon cancer cells

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