Vitamin D and Leukaemia

Brown, Geoffrey; Kutner, Andrzej; Marcinkowska, Ewa

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-73742-3_6

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 105 publications

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“…In 1951 Richard Hamilton curated an exhibition at the Institute of Contemporary Art (Massey, 1996) of work by a number of artists inspired by D'Arcy Thompson's 'On Growth and Form' (Thompson, 1917). In more recent years, growth has been a subject explored by computational artists including Yoichiro Kawaguchi's 'GROWTH Model' (Kawaguchi, 1983), William Latham's evolved forms (Todd and Latham, 1992) and Daniel Brown's series of digitally generated flowers (Brown, 2018). Interest by artists in morphogenesis, and D'Arcy Thompson specifically, has been sufficient for the University of Dundee to receive support from Art Fund to create a collection of artwork dedicated to this subject (University of Dundee, 2011).…”

Section: Introduction Morphogenesis and Generative Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphogenetic Vase Forms

Lomas¹

2019

The 2019 Conference on Artificial Life

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This paper describes Vase Forms: a series of art works created using morphogenetic processes. A key motivation for these works was exploration of ways of working creatively with complex generative processes, such as morphogenetic systems, where the desire is to be able to influence the process in creative directions whilst achieving desired properties, such as fabricability using 3D printing, in a manner that retains rich emergence. The paper describes methods used in the creation of these works, including directly affecting morphogenetic processes using constraints and differential growth rates, combined with evolutionary search and machine learning algorithms to explore the space of possibilities afforded by the system. As well as describing the creation of Vase Forms, which have been successfully used to create sculptures, the paper looks at the closely related Mutant Vase Forms: an additional series of artworks created by accident when the system exploited bugs in the rules for the growth system resulting in unexpected but aesthetically interesting structures. These Mutant Vase Forms are not fabricable as physical sculptures with the originally intended methods, but now exist as virtual sculptures in stereoscopic installations.

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Section: Introduction Morphogenesis and Generative Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphogenetic Vase Forms

Lomas¹

2019

The 2019 Conference on Artificial Life

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“…The anti-proliferative action of 1,25D3 extends to malignant cells, leading to interest in its use for differentiation therapy of leukemia and other cancers. However, a substantial limitation to this use of 1,25D3 is that its calcemic action restricts achieving an effective therapeutic dose [ 4 ]. Many of the immune cell types express the receptor for vitamin D (VDR): 1,25D3 has an important role in their function and is, therefore, important to good health [ 5 , 6 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamins D: Relationship between Structure and Biological Activity

Kutner

Brown

2018

IJMS

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The most active metabolite of vitamin D is 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, which is a central regulator of mineral homeostasis: excessive administration leads to hypercalcemia. Additionally, 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 is important to decision-making by cells, driving many cell types to growth arrest, differentiate and undergo apoptosis. 1α,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 regulates gene transcription by binding to a single known receptor, the vitamin D receptor. Rapid intracellular signals are also elicited in vitro by 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 that are independent of transcription. There are many aspects of the multiple actions of 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 that we do not fully understand. These include how a single receptor and provoked rapid events relate to the different actions of 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, its calcemic action per se, and whether a large number of genes are activated directly, via the vitamin D receptor, or indirectly. A strategy to resolving these issues has been to generate synthetic analogues of 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3: Some of these separate the anti-proliferative and calcemic actions of the parent hormone. Crystallography is important to understanding how differences between 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3- and analogue-provoked structural changes to the vitamin D receptor may underlie their different activity profiles. Current crystallographic resolution has not revealed such information. Studies of our new analogues have revealed the importance of the A-ring adopting the chair β-conformation upon interaction with the vitamin D receptor to receptor-affinity and biological activity. Vitamin D analogues are useful probes to providing a better understanding of the physiology of vitamin D.

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Vitamin D and Haematopoiesis

Brown

Kutner

Marcinkowska

2020

Curr. Tissue Microenviron. Rep.

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Purpose of Review This review examines the influences of active vitamin D on 'developmental' haematopoiesis and the immune cells produced. Haematopoiesis gives rise to the platelets, erythrocytes and a wide range of immune cell types each of which performs a specific role to protect the organism from a myriad of infectious agents. The newly produced immune cells, for example, monocytes, dendritic cells and T and B lymphocytes, are activated in response to the presence of an infectious agent and differentiate further to perform their roles. Recent Findings Binding of 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D 3 , the most active metabolite of vitamin D 3 , to its receptor, the vitamin D receptor, regulates the expression of very many different genes and therefore a mode(s) of action of vitamin D relates to the regulation of expression of cell-specific genes. The haematopoietic cytokines are essential regulators of haematopoiesis and the further maturation and functionality of the immune cell types. We now know that some cytokines also instruct the development of a particular type of blood cell. Summary Vitamin D influences the 'early' development of monocytes and invariant natural killer T cells and the further maturation of some immune cell types. Findings regarding the regulation of gene expression have revealed that there are links between the actions of vitamin D and cytokines. Whilst we do not have as yet an entirely clear picture on this matter, there are benefits to 'health' of the immune system from vitamin D supplementation. Keywords Vitamin D. Haematopoiesis. Immune cells. Haematopoietic cytokines. Vitamin D and health This article is part of the Topical Collection on Vitamin D in Tissue Microenvironment * Geoffrey Brown

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Vitamin D and Leukaemia

Cited by 3 publications

References 105 publications

Morphogenetic Vase Forms

Morphogenetic Vase Forms

Vitamins D: Relationship between Structure and Biological Activity

Vitamin D and Haematopoiesis

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