Vitamin D and Neurotrophin Levels and Their Impact on the Symptoms of Schizophrenia

Peitl, Vjekoslav; Silić, Ante; Orlović, Ivona; Vidrih, Branka; Crnković, Danijel; Karlović, Dalibor

doi:10.1159/000504577

Cited by 11 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…A hypothesis that may explain improvement of NAC parameters in present study is action of VD in regulation of neurotrophin (47). This mechanism has been described in several neurological conditions (48) and the presence of VD receptors on neurons and glia cells (49) reinforce that proposition.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Improvement in Cardiovascular Autonomic Neuropathy After High-Dose Vitamin D Supplementation in Patients With Type 1 Diabetes

et al. 2020

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BackgroundCardiovascular autonomic neuropathy (CAN) is associated with diabetes mellitus, increasing morbidity and mortality. Some cross-sectional studies associated CAN with low 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels. The aim of our study was to evaluate the effect of high-dose vitamin D (VD) supplementation on CAN in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) patients.MethodsWe performed a prospective study with 23 patients diagnosed with T1DM and CAN. Subjects with VD levels <30 ng/ml received 10,000 IU/day; the ones with VD levels between 30–60 ng/ml were given 4,000 IU/day for 12 weeks.ResultsThere was an improvement in CAN parameters related to resting heart rate variability, such as time domain parameters [Maximum RR interval (0.77 ± 0.11 vs 0.94 ± 0.51 s, p <0.05), Mean length of regular RR intervals (0.71 ± 0.10 vs 0.76 ± 0.09 s, p <0.05) and Standard deviation of all NN intervals (0.02 ± 0.01 vs 0.03 ± 0.02 s; p <0.01)] and frequency domain parameters [Low Frequency (1.9 ± 0.5 vs 2.5 ± 0.9 s, p < 0.001), Total Power (2.5 ± 0.4 vs 2.8 ± 0.6 s, p <0.05)]. In addition, there was a correlation between absolute VD level variation and posttreatment High Frequency (%), as well as among percent variation in VD level and end-of-study Low Frequency/High Frequency ratio (r=0.6, p<0.01; r= -0.5, p<0.05, respectively).ConclusionOur pilot study is the first to suggest a strong association between high-dose vitamin D supplementation and improved cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy in T1DM patients. It occurred without any variation in HbA1C, blood pressure levels, lipids, and insulin dose.Clinical Trial Registrationhttp://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN32601947, identifier ISRCTN32601947.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Improvement in Cardiovascular Autonomic Neuropathy After High-Dose Vitamin D Supplementation in Patients With Type 1 Diabetes

et al. 2020

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“… 105 , 106 Two studies failed to find such an association. 97 , 104 One of these studies was substantially larger than all other observational studies. 97 There were no intervention studies testing the use of VIT-D in individuals with schizophrenia.…”

Section: Vitamin D and Serious Mental Disordersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There have been six observational studies published since the most recent meta-analysis. 96 , 97 , 104 – 107 Four studies found a low VIT-D concentration in individuals with psychosis or schizophrenia, 96 , 105 – 107 two of which concerned first episode psychosis. 105 , 106 Two studies failed to find such an association.…”

Section: Vitamin D and Serious Mental Disordersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamin D in the time of the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic – a clinical review from a public health and public mental health perspective

Werneke

Gaughran

Taylor

2021

Therapeutic Advances in Psychopharmacology

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Individuals with serious mental disorders (SMD) may have a higher risk of vitamin D (VIT-D) deficiency. They also experience higher mortality because of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection. Therefore, we have conducted a comprehensive review to examine the significance of VIT-D for public health and public mental health during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. This review had three specific aims, from a global perspective to (a) create a profile of VIT-D and review the epidemiology of VIT-D deficiency, (b) explore VIT-D deficiency as risk factor for SMD and COVID-19 infections and (c) examine the effectiveness of VIT-D supplementation for both conditions. We found that, in terms of SMD, the evidence from laboratory and observational studies points towards some association between VIT-D deficiency and depression or schizophrenia. Mendelian randomisation studies, however, suggest no, or reverse, causality. The evidence from intervention studies is conflicting. Concerning COVID-19 infection, on proof of principle, VIT-D could provide a plausible defence against the infection itself and against an adverse clinical course. But data from observational studies and the first preliminary intervention studies remain conflicting, with stronger evidence that VIT-D may mitigate the clinical course of COVID-19 infection rather than the risk of infection in the first place. From a public health and public mental health point of view, based on the currently limited knowledge, for individuals with SMD, the benefits of VIT-D optimisation through supplementation seem to outweigh the risks. VIT-D supplementation, however, should not substitute for vaccination or medical care for COVID-19 infection.

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“…Considerable evidence shows that neuregulin-(NRG-) 1 plays an important role in regulating the myelination process [21]. Furthermore, clinical [22] and animal studies [23] indicate a critical role of NRG-1 in the development of schizophrenia. Thus, we speculated that NRG-1 was a potential target for the therapeutic effect of SZASD on schizophrenia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shi-Zhen-An-Shen Decoction, a Herbal Medicine That Reverses Cuprizone-Induced Demyelination and Behavioral Deficits in Mice Independent of the Neuregulin-1 Pathway

Liu

et al. 2021

Neural Plasticity

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Shi-Zhen-An-Shen decoction (SZASD), a Chinese herbal medicine that is a liquor extracted from plants by boiling, has been reported to be effective in treating schizophrenia. However, the mechanism is unclear. Abnormal demyelination has been implicated in schizophrenia. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of SZASD on myelin in demyelinated mice exhibiting schizophrenia-like behaviors. Sixty male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into six groups ( n = 10 per group): (1) control group, (2) cuprizone (CPZ, a copper chelator that induced demyelination, 0.2% w / w )+saline, (3) CPZ+low-dose SZASD (8.65 g·kg-1·d-1), (4) CPZ+medium-dose SZASD (17.29 g·kg-1·d-1), (5) CPZ+high-dose SZASD (25.94 g·kg-1·d-1), and (6) CPZ+quetiapine (QTP, an atypical antipsychotic that served as a positive treatment control, 10 mg·kg-1·d-1). Mice in groups 2-6 were treated with CPZ added to rodent chow for six weeks to induce demyelination. During the last two weeks, these mice were given an oral gavage of sterile saline, SZASD, or quetiapine. Behavioral tests and brain analyses were conducted after the last treatment. The brain expression of myelin basic protein (MBP) and neuregulin-1 (NRG-1) was assessed using immunohistochemistry and Western blots. CPZ induced significant schizophrenia-like behaviors in the mice, including reduced nest-building activity and sensory gating deficits. Hyperlocomotor activity was accompanied by significant reductions in MBP expression in the corpus callosum, hippocampus, and cerebral cortex. However, both QTP and SZASD significantly reversed the schizophrenia-like behaviors and demyelination in CPZ-fed mice. The QTP and medium-dose SZASD resulted in better therapeutic effects compared to the low and high SZASD doses. Reduced NRG-1 expression was observed in CPZ-fed mice compared with controls, but neither QTP nor SZASD showed significant influence on NRG-1 expression in the hippocampus. Together, SZASD showed a therapeutic effect on demyelinated mice, and the improvement of demyelination might not be through the NRG-1 pathway.

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Vitamin D and Neurotrophin Levels and Their Impact on the Symptoms of Schizophrenia

Cited by 11 publications

References 49 publications

Improvement in Cardiovascular Autonomic Neuropathy After High-Dose Vitamin D Supplementation in Patients With Type 1 Diabetes

Improvement in Cardiovascular Autonomic Neuropathy After High-Dose Vitamin D Supplementation in Patients With Type 1 Diabetes

Vitamin D in the time of the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic – a clinical review from a public health and public mental health perspective

Shi-Zhen-An-Shen Decoction, a Herbal Medicine That Reverses Cuprizone-Induced Demyelination and Behavioral Deficits in Mice Independent of the Neuregulin-1 Pathway

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