Vitamin D as a chemopreventive agent in colorectal neoplasms. A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Emmanouilidou, Georgia; Bakaloudi, Dimitra Rafailia; Karanika, Evangelia; Theocharidou, Eleni; Chourdakis, M.

doi:10.1016/j.pharmthera.2022.108252

Cited by 14 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…[24] Other preventive methods such as metformin, vitamin D, and calcium preparations are still uncertain in preventing the occurrence of colorectal polyps. [25–29] The present study proposes a potential causal relationship between TL and colorectal polyps, offering a novel perspective on polyp prevention.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Causal association between telomere length and colorectal polyps: A bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization study

Zhang,

Wang,

Zheng

et al. 2024

Medicine

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We performed a bidirectional 2-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) design to explore the causal relation between telomere length (TL) and colorectal polyps. Genome-wide association study summary data of TL and colorectal polyps were extracted from the IEU open genome-wide association study database. Single nucleotide polymorphisms were served as instrumental variables at the significance threshold of P < 5 × 10−8. The inverse variance weighted method, MR-Egger method, and weight median method were performed for causal estimation in MR. Cochran Q test, MR-Egger intercept test, and leave-one-out analyses were performed to evaluate the pleiotropy of the MR results. One hundred and twenty-four single nucleotide polymorphisms were selected as instrumental variables. We found significant casual association between TL and colorectal polyps. Long TL increased the risk of colorectal polyps using the inverse variance weighted method [ukb-a-521: odds ratio (OR): 1.004, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.001–1.007, P = .004; ukb-d-D12: OR: 1.008, CI: 1.004–1.012, P < .001; finn-b-CD2_BENIGN_COLORECANI_EXALLC2: OR: 1.170, CI: 1.027–1.332, P = .018]. Sensitivity analyses validated that the causality between TL and colorectal polyps was robust. The study provided a causal association between TL and colorectal polyps which indicated that TL might be served as a potential biomarker of colorectal polyps for screening and prevention. Nonetheless, the conclusions need further validation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Causal association between telomere length and colorectal polyps: A bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization study

Zhang,

Wang,

Zheng

et al. 2024

Medicine

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“…Calcitriol (1.25(OH) 2 D) is an active form of vitamin D that is considered to exert anticancer effects through its function as a transcription factor and a regulator of differentiation, as well as immune response. Several studies have reported that vitamin D deficiency increases CRC incidence [ 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 ]. A prospective cohort study showed that vitamin D intake was associated with a reduced risk of early-onset CRC before the age of 50 years and CRC precursors (i.e., conventional adenomas and serrated polyps) [ 20 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Osteoporosis Is Associated with an Increased Risk of Colorectal Neoplasms Regardless of Sex: Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study

Yoo,

Nam,

et al. 2024

Diagnostics

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Vitamin D may have anticancer effects against colorectal cancer (CRC). Bone mineral density (BMD) reflects the long-term vitamin D status. This study investigated the association between osteoporosis and colorectal neoplasms (CRN). The data were obtained from the National Health Insurance Service sample cohort, which included 60,386 osteoporosis patients and 8224 controls who underwent BMD in 2002–2019. The logistic regression models included age, sex, income level, and comorbidity. Sensitivity tests were performed using the data from the National Health Screening Program. In total, 7706 (11.2%) patients were diagnosed with CRN, and the proportion was significantly higher in osteoporosis patients than in controls (11.7% vs. 8.1%). In the multivariate analysis, osteoporosis was associated with an increased risk of CRN (odds ratio (OR) = 1.91, 95% confidence interval = 1.75–2.09, p < 0.0001), which was significant for both colorectal adenomas and CRC (OR = 1.88 and 1.83, respectively). A subgroup analysis by sex revealed a significant association between osteoporosis and CRN in both women and men (OR = 2.06 and 1.66, respectively). The sensitivity tests revealed results similar to those of the original dataset. In conclusion, osteoporosis is significantly associated with CRN risk in both sexes. In high-risk patients with low BMD, appropriate screening for CRN and vitamin D supplementation are required, regardless of sex.

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“…CRC patients are often deficient in circulating 25(OH)D, and higher levels of 25(OH)D are associated with better survival [19,[211][212][213][214]. Some authors do not support a chemopreventive effect of vitamin D supplementation in patients with colorectal neoplasms [215]. Despite encouraging experimental and epidemiological observations, discrepancies have been shown in the therapeutic effect of vitamin D supplementation and its influence on mortality in CRC patients [209,212].…”

Section: Vitamin D3mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Potential of Integrative Cancer Treatment Using Melatonin and the Challenge of Heterogeneity in Population-Based Studies: A Case Report of Colon Cancer and a Literature Review

Smorodin,

Chuzmarov,

Veidebaum

2024

Current Oncology

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Melatonin is a multifunctional hormone regulator that maintains homeostasis through circadian rhythms, and desynchronization of these rhythms can lead to gastrointestinal disorders and increase the risk of cancer. Preliminary clinical studies have shown that exogenous melatonin alleviates the harmful effects of anticancer therapy and improves quality of life, but the results are still inconclusive due to the heterogeneity of the studies. A personalized approach to testing clinical parameters and response to integrative treatment with nontoxic and bioavailable melatonin in patient-centered N-of-1 studies deserves greater attention. This clinical case of colon cancer analyzes and discusses the tumor pathology, the adverse effects of chemotherapy, and the dynamics of markers of inflammation (NLR, LMR, and PLR ratios), tumors (CEA, CA 19-9, and PSA), and hemostasis (D-dimer and activated partial thromboplastin time). The patient took melatonin during and after chemotherapy, nutrients (zinc, selenium, vitamin D, green tea, and taxifolin), and aspirin after chemotherapy. The patient’s PSA levels decreased during CT combined with melatonin (19 mg/day), and melatonin normalized inflammatory markers and alleviated symptoms of polyneuropathy but did not help with thrombocytopenia. The results are analyzed and discussed in the context of the literature on oncostatic and systemic effects, alleviating therapy-mediated adverse effects, association with survival, and N-of-1 studies.

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Vitamin D as a chemopreventive agent in colorectal neoplasms. A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Cited by 14 publications

References 29 publications

Causal association between telomere length and colorectal polyps: A bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization study

Causal association between telomere length and colorectal polyps: A bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization study

Osteoporosis Is Associated with an Increased Risk of Colorectal Neoplasms Regardless of Sex: Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study

The Potential of Integrative Cancer Treatment Using Melatonin and the Challenge of Heterogeneity in Population-Based Studies: A Case Report of Colon Cancer and a Literature Review

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