Vitamin D deficiency and hepatitis viruses-associated liver diseases: A literature review

Hoàn, Nghiêm Xuân; Tong, Hoang Van; Song, Lê Hữu; Meyer, Christian G.; Velavan, Thirumalaisamy P.

doi:10.3748/wjg.v24.i4.445

Cited by 44 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 156 publications

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“…). Vitamin D deficiency/insufficiency has been reported to be associated with disease progression of chronic hepatitis B and chronic hepatitis C, and resident Kupffer cells are involved in antiviral immunity against hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus infections . VDR agonists may be used in antiviral immunotherapy against hepatitis B virus or hepatitis C virus infections by enhancing Kupffer cell function.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frontline Science: Concanavalin A-induced acute hepatitis is attenuated in vitamin D receptor knockout mice with decreased immune cell function

Umeda

Endo-Umeda

Nakashima

et al. 2019

Journal of Leukocyte Biology

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The vitamin D receptor (VDR) is a nuclear receptor for the active form of vitamin D, 1 ,25dihydroxyvitamin D 3 , and regulates various physiologic processes, such as bone and calcium metabolism, cellular proliferation and differentiation, and immunity. VDR is highly expressed in the intestine, kidney, bone, and macrophages, but is expressed at a low level in the liver. The liver is a major metabolic organ and also acts as an immune gateway for dietary nutrients and xenobiotics. In this study, we investigated the function of VDR in hepatic immune cells, such as Kupffer cells/macrophages, utilizing VDR knockout (KO) mice. We showed that VDR is functionally expressed in hepatic mononuclear cells, specifically resident Kupffer cells. We examined the role of VDR in acute hepatitis induced by concanavalin A (Con-A) and found that Con-A-induced hepatitis is attenuated in VDR-KO mice compared to wild-type (WT) mice. Con-A-induced hepatitis is known to be mediated by NKT cell activation, cytokine production, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in Kupffer cells/macrophages. However, the proportions of Kupffer cells/macrophages and the NKT cell activation were similar in the liver of WT and VDR-KO mice and inflammatory cytokine gene expression was increased in VDR-KO mice. On the other hand, plasma and hepatic ROS levels were decreased in the liver of VDR-KO mice compared to WT mice.The phagocytic activity of resident Kupffer cells and hepatic neutrophils were also decreased in VDR-KO mice. Therefore, VDR is necessary for Con-A-induced acute hepatitis and plays an important role in hepatic immune cell functions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frontline Science: Concanavalin A-induced acute hepatitis is attenuated in vitamin D receptor knockout mice with decreased immune cell function

Umeda

Endo-Umeda

Nakashima

et al. 2019

Journal of Leukocyte Biology

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“…Such a relationship was not observed in any other study, but others indicated that 25-hydroxyvitamin D deficiency seems to be common in patients with CHC and could be correlated with lower likelihood of achieving SVR, as well as more advanced stages of fibrosis, and augmented necroinflammation severity. [23][24][25] However, it seems that 25-hydroxyvitamin D deficiency might play an important role OCI incidence.…”

Section: T He Current Study Comprehensively Evaluated the Prevalence mentioning

confidence: 99%

Host genetic factors and clinical parameters influencing the occult hepatitis C virus infection in patients on chronic hemodialysis: Is it still a controversial infection?

Ayadi

Nafari

Sakhaee

et al. 2019

Hepatology Research

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Aim The presence of occult hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection (OCI) is still controversial, however, this infection cannot be ignored. Therefore, the current study aimed at assessing the OCI frequency in patients on chronic hemodialysis (CHD) and also evaluating the association between OCI incidence with clinical parameters and interferon lambda 3/4 (IFNL3/4) gene polymorphisms. Methods A total of 515 patients on CHD and HCV negative markers were selected. Plus‐ and minus‐stranded HCV‐RNA was tested in peripheral blood mononuclear cell samples by reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction and then genotyped using the restriction fragment length polymorphism method. Results The frequency of OCI was 11.3% in patients on CHD. Among 58 patients with OCI, 25.8%, 62.1%, and 12.1% were infected with HCV‐1a, HCV‐1b, and HCV‐3a, respectively. The mean alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and alkaline phosphatase levels were 31.9 ± 24.8, 32.3 ± 19.1, and 171.6 ± 88.9, respectively. None of the patients with OCI had a history of liver disease. Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that cholesterol, triglyceride, low‐density lipoprotein, 25‐hydroxyvitamin D, platelets, duration of hemodialysis, HCV subtypes, IFNL3 rs12979860 TT, IFNL3 rs8099917 GG, IFNL3 rs12980275 GG, and IFNL4 ss469415590 ΔG/ΔG genotypes were associated with OCI. Conclusion There was a moderate prevalence of OCI in Iranian patients on CHD. The current study findings indicated that this infection was associated with clinical parameters and unfavorable genotypes of IFNL3 single nucleotide polymorphisms and IFNL4 ss469415590. Further studies are required to determine the correlation between OCI incidence with clinical parameters and host genetic factors.

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“…Several studies had reported the high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in all chronic hepatic diseases irrespective of their etiology [26][27][28]. Serum vitamin D level < 20 ng/ml was found to be highly prevalent in patients with chronic hepatitis B and C worldwide [29]. Furthermore, vitamin D deficiency was delineated to contribute in the pathogenesis of hepatitis B and C and lead to progression of hepatic inflammation and fibrosis [30].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Subclinical hepatitis C virus infection in Egyptian patients with rheumatic diseases: a multi-center study

Mahran

Mohamed

Nigm

et al. 2020

Egypt Rheumatol Rehabil

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Background Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is highly prevalent in Egypt. It was found to be 7.0% in a study done in 2015. There are some studies on the prevalence of HCV in rheumatoid arthritis, but to our knowledge, no previous study was done to detect it in other rheumatologic diseases. This study aims at detecting the prevalence of subclinical HCV infection in Egyptian patients with different rheumatic diseases. In the current study, eight hundred and three patients with different rheumatic diseases collected from five—geographically different—Egyptian rheumatology departments were studied. Patients with known current or previous HCV infection were excluded from the study. Screening for the positive anti-HCV antibodies was done for all patients. Screening for the presence of HCV ribonucleic acid (RNA) was done in patients with positive serology by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. Results In the studied population, 675 (84.1%) patients were women. The mean age [± SD] was 44.2 [± 12.9] years. Hepatitis C antibody positivity was found in 73 (9.1%) of the patients, while 67 (8.3%) were having positive HCV-RNA quantitative PCR tests. The highest prevalence of seropositive HCV was found in drug-induced vasculitis (DIV) and cryo-vasculitis (100%), while in RA, HCV antibodies and PCR were found to be positive in 9.1% and 8.3% of patients, respectively. Conclusions Detection of the presence of HCV infection in 9.1 % of the studied middle-aged Egyptian patients with rheumatologic conditions points to the importance of screening for HCV in such population for early detection and intervention especially for those patients that are planned to start biologic therapy.

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Vitamin D deficiency and hepatitis viruses-associated liver diseases: A literature review

Cited by 44 publications

References 156 publications

Frontline Science: Concanavalin A-induced acute hepatitis is attenuated in vitamin D receptor knockout mice with decreased immune cell function

Frontline Science: Concanavalin A-induced acute hepatitis is attenuated in vitamin D receptor knockout mice with decreased immune cell function

Host genetic factors and clinical parameters influencing the occult hepatitis C virus infection in patients on chronic hemodialysis: Is it still a controversial infection?

Subclinical hepatitis C virus infection in Egyptian patients with rheumatic diseases: a multi-center study

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