Vitamin D Deficiency and Risk Factors Related to Acute Psychiatric Relapses in Patients with Severe Mental Disorders: A Preliminary Study

Fabrazzo, Michele; Agnese, Salvatore; Cipolla, Salvatore; Vincenzo, Matteo Di; Mancuso, Emiliana; Volpicelli, Antonio; Perris, Francesco; Sampogna, Gaia; Catapano, Francesco; Fiorillo, Andrea; Luciano, Mario

doi:10.3390/brainsci12080973

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 75 publications

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“…Recently, vitamin D deficiency has been associated with psychiatric disorders, such as autism, depression, schizophrenia, and ADHD [33,[37][38][39][40][41][42]. Eyles et al found that vitamin D can have neurohormonal properties in the human brain [43].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum Biomarker Analysis in Pediatric ADHD: Implications of Homocysteine, Vitamin B12, Vitamin D, Ferritin, and Iron Levels

Lukovac,

Hil,

Popović

et al. 2024

Children

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The current diagnosis of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is based on history, clinical observation, and behavioral tests. There is a high demand to find biomarkers for the diagnosis of ADHD. The aim of this study is to analyze the serum profiles of several biomarkers, including homocysteine (Hcy), vitamin B12, vitamin D, ferritin, and iron, in a cohort of 133 male subjects (6.5–12.5 years), including 67 individuals with an ADHD diagnosis based on DSM-V criteria and 66 age-matched healthy boys (healthy controls, HC). Assessments for ADHD included the Iowa Conners’ Teacher Rating Scale (CPRS) and the ADHDT test, as well as cognitive assessments using the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Revised (WISC-R) and the TROG-2 language comprehension test. Hcy and iron were quantified using spectrophotometry, while vitamin B12 and total 25-hydroxy vitamin D levels were determined using an electrochemiluminescence immunoassay (ECLIA) and ferritin was measured using a particle-enhanced immunoturbidimetric assay. The results showed significantly increased Hcy levels and decreased vitamin B12 levels in ADHD patients compared to HCs. Multiple logistic regression analysis indicated that Hcy is a potential prognostic indicator for ADHD. These results suggest that elevated homocysteine and decreased vitamin B12 may serve as markers for the diagnosis and prognosis of ADHD.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum Biomarker Analysis in Pediatric ADHD: Implications of Homocysteine, Vitamin B12, Vitamin D, Ferritin, and Iron Levels

Lukovac,

Hil,

Popović

et al. 2024

Children

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Vitamin D and Links with Impulsivity and Eating Disorders

Meneguzzo

2024

Handbook of the Biology and Pathology of Mental Disorders

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Psychotic relapse prediction via biomarker monitoring: a systematic review

Smyrnis,

Theleritis,

Ferentinos

et al. 2024

Front. Psychiatry

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BackgroundAssociating temporal variation of biomarkers with the onset of psychotic relapse could help demystify the pathogenesis of psychosis as a pathological brain state, while allowing for timely intervention, thus ameliorating clinical outcome. In this systematic review, we evaluated the predictive accuracy of a broad spectrum of biomarkers for psychotic relapse. We also underline methodological concerns, focusing on the value of prospective studies for relapse onset estimation.MethodsFollowing the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis) guidelines, a list of search strings related to biomarkers and relapse was assimilated and run against the PubMed and Scopus databases, yielding a total of 808 unique records. After exclusion of studies related to the distinction of patients from controls or treatment effects, the 42 remaining studies were divided into 5 groups, based on the type of biomarker used as a predictor: the genetic biomarker subgroup (n = 4, or 9%), the blood-based biomarker subgroup (n = 15, or 36%), the neuroimaging biomarker subgroup (n = 10, or 24%), the cognitive-behavioral biomarker subgroup (n = 5, or 12%) and the wearables biomarker subgroup (n = 8, or 19%).ResultsIn the first 4 groups, several factors were found to correlate with the state of relapse, such as the genetic risk profile, Interleukin-6, Vitamin D or panels consisting of multiple markers (blood-based), ventricular volume, grey matter volume in the right hippocampus, various functional connectivity metrics (neuroimaging), working memory and executive function (cognition). In the wearables group, machine learning models were trained based on features such as heart rate, acceleration, and geolocation, which were measured continuously. While the achieved predictive accuracy differed compared to chance, its power was moderate (max reported AUC = 0.77).DiscussionThe first 4 groups revealed risk factors, but cross-sectional designs or sparse sampling in prospective studies did not allow for relapse onset estimations. Studies involving wearables provide more concrete predictions of relapse but utilized markers such as geolocation do not advance pathophysiological understanding. A combination of the two approaches is warranted to fully understand and predict relapse.

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Vitamin D Deficiency and Risk Factors Related to Acute Psychiatric Relapses in Patients with Severe Mental Disorders: A Preliminary Study

Cited by 4 publications

References 75 publications

Serum Biomarker Analysis in Pediatric ADHD: Implications of Homocysteine, Vitamin B12, Vitamin D, Ferritin, and Iron Levels

Serum Biomarker Analysis in Pediatric ADHD: Implications of Homocysteine, Vitamin B12, Vitamin D, Ferritin, and Iron Levels

Vitamin D and Links with Impulsivity and Eating Disorders

Psychotic relapse prediction via biomarker monitoring: a systematic review

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