Vitamin-D Deficiency During Pregnancy;

Abstract

Objective: To find out the frequency of vitamin-D deficiency during pregnancy by using Serum 25 hydroxy vitamin-D3 leveland to evaluate the risk factors associated with low level of vitamin-D. Study Design: Cross Sectional Study. Setting: Gynae and obstetricunit II in Abbasi Shaheed Hospital Karachi. Period: February 2011 to July 2011. Material and methods: Design: All patients with historyof chronic renal disease, liver disorder, PIH, GDM, twin gestation, anti tuberculous treatment and antiepileptic treatment with excluded.Data was collected by predesigned proforma through personal interview. Result: This study showed 49 cases (98%) of primigravidawere vitamin-D deficiency. The highest low level was in 15-25 years of age. The mean concentration of 25bOH vitamin-D 3 was 10.30ng/ml.60 % of women had severe vitamin-D deficiency with level of 25 OH vitamin-D3 was lessthan 10ng/ml. Risk factors associated withlow level of vitamin-D3 included dietary deficiency , lack of sun exposure and practicing veil. Conclusions: Pregnant women includingprimigravida in Pakistan are at risk of vitamin-D deficiency. 25 (OH) assay should be used as an aid in assessment of vitamin-D deficiencyduring pregnancy so that proper correction can be achieved. Women who are deficient in vitamin-D should be counseled regardingmaternal and neonatal risk, a balanced diet ,limited sun exposure and compliance of vitamin-D supplement to ensure normal maternal andfetal outcome. Every women should provided by vitamin-D supplement prior to pregnancy.