Vitamin D deficiency in pregnant women of ethnic minority: a potential contributor to preeclampsia

Reeves, Inez; Bamji, Zebalda D.; Rosario, Grace; Lewis, Kenneth; Young, Michal; Washington, Kareem

doi:10.1038/jp.2014.91

Cited by 31 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…There is also evidence that vitamin D levels prior to delivery are associated with sPTB, 61–64 that levels of GC in cervico-vaginal fluid may help predict sPTB 65,66 , and that vitamin D deficiency may contribute to racial disparities in birth outcomes 67,68 . Specifically, vitamin D deficiency may contribute to potential risk for preeclampsia among Hispanic and African American women 69 . The population-specific differentiation associated with the variant rs222016 is consistent with the differential evolution of the vitamin D system between populations—likely in response to different environments and associated changes in skin pigmentation 70,71 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accounting for diverse evolutionary forces reveals the mosaic nature of selection on genomic regions associated with human preterm birth

LaBella

Abraham

Pichkar

et al. 2019

Preprint

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35Human pregnancy requires the coordinated function of multiple tissues in both mother and fetus and has 36 evolved in concert with major human adaptations. As a result, pregnancy-associated phenotypes and 37 related disorders are genetically complex and have likely been sculpted by diverse evolutionary forces. 38 However, there is no framework to comprehensively evaluate how these traits evolved or to explore the 39 relationship of evolutionary signatures on trait-associated genetic variants to molecular function. Here we 40develop an approach to test for signatures of diverse evolutionary forces, including multiple types of 41 selection, and apply it to genomic regions associated with spontaneous preterm birth (sPTB), a complex 42 disorder of global health concern. We find that sPTB-associated regions harbor diverse evolutionary 43 signatures including evolutionary sequence conservation (consistent with the action of negative selection), 44 excess population differentiation (local adaptation), accelerated evolution (positive selection), and 45 balanced polymorphism (balancing selection). Furthermore, these genomic regions show diverse 46 functional characteristics which enables us to use evolutionary and molecular lines of evidence to develop 47 54Mammalian pregnancy requires the coordination of multiple maternal and fetal tissues 1,2 and extensive 55 modulation of the maternal immune system so that the genetically distinct fetus is not immunologically 56 rejected 3 . Given this context, pregnancy-related phenotypes and disorders are likely to have experienced 57 diverse selective pressures. This is particularly likely on the human lineage where pregnancy has been 58 shaped by unique human adaptations such as bipedality and enlarged brain size 4-8 . One major disorder of 59 pregnancy is preterm birth (PTB), a complex multifactorial syndrome 9 that affects 10% of pregnancies in 60 the United States and more than 15 million pregnancies worldwide each year 10,11 . PTB leads to increased 61 infant mortality rates and significant short-and long-term morbidity [11][12][13][14] . Risk for PTB varies 62 substantially with race, environment, comorbidities, and genetic factors 15 . PTB is broadly classified into 63 iatrogenic PTB, when it is associated with medical conditions such as preeclampsia (PE) or intrauterine 64 growth restriction (IUGR), and spontaneous PTB (sPTB), which occurs in the absence of preexisting 65 medical conditions or is initiated by preterm premature rupture of membranes [16][17][18][19] . The biological 66 pathways contributing to sPTB remain poorly understood 9 , but diverse lines of evidence suggest that 67 maternal genetic variation is an important contributor 20-24 . 68The complexity of human pregnancy and association with unique human adaptations raise the hypothesis 69 that genetic variants associated with birth timing and sPTB have been shaped by diverse evolutionary 70 forces. Consistent with this hypothesis, several immune genes involved in pregnancy have signatures of 71 recent purifyin...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accounting for diverse evolutionary forces reveals the mosaic nature of selection on genomic regions associated with human preterm birth

LaBella

Abraham

Pichkar

et al. 2019

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…A recent study examined the evidence linking vitamin D deficiency in pregnancy to PET among different ethnic groups. Although prevalence of vitamin D deficiency differed significantly among African-Americans (72.3%), Hispanics (10.6%), and Caucasians (2.1%), there were no direct associations between low 25(OH)D levels and risk for PET among different ethnic groups [130]. While another recent study in UK indicated a greater prevalence of white British women developed GHT (12.0%) and PET (3.4%), compared to Pakistani women (the proportion of GHT and PET were 5.4 and 1.7%, respectively) [131].…”

Section: Pet and Gdm Among Ethnic Disparitiesmentioning

confidence: 90%

Maternal Vitamin D Status among Different Ethnic Groups and Its Potential Contribution to Adverse Pregnancy and Child Outcomes

Keshavarz¹,

Jandaghi²,

Shafiee³

et al. 2020

Vitamin D Deficiency

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Maternal vitamin D deficiency in pregnancy is a widespread public health concern. Race and ethnicity as biological and cultural factors, respectively, can affect vitamin D status through differences in skin color, sunlight exposure, and dietary intake. Low maternal vitamin D status in pregnancy may affect both mother and fetus adversely. Vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency are linked to a wide variety of adverse pregnancy outcomes such as gestational diabetes, preeclampsia, and preterm delivery. Furthermore, maternal vitamin D deficiency has been linked to several adverse health outcomes in infants and children. The examples include, but not limited to, impaired growth, skeletal problems, and autoimmune diseases such as type 1 diabetes and asthma. This chapter reviews the vitamin D status during pregnancy across different ethnic groups, looking into the adverse pregnancy and child outcomes, followed by a discussion on the association between maternal and child vitamin D status and successful interventions. Strong evidence exists about the association between vitamin D and some health outcomes during pregnancy, while more studies are needed to confirm the other claim. The existing body of evidence justifies the need for well-designed policies and systematic interventions to ensure optimal vitamin D status of pregnant women and their offsprings across different ethnic and racial groups.

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“…Further, the maternal vitamin D deficiency is important to this mother's subsequent health, as vitamin D deficiency has been associated with hypertension. 10,11 It is well known that above the latitude of 37° tremors in otherwise healthy newborns, has largely been regarded as a physiologic condition without the need for treatment. In this study, healthy Japanese neonates were checked for craniotabes at 5 to 7 days as part of routine discharge.…”

Section: Postnatal Visitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Benign Neonatal Shudders, Shivers, Jitteriness, or Tremors: Early Signs of Vitamin D Deficiency

Collins

Young

2017

Pediatrics

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Jitteriness and tremors in the newborn period typically precipitate an extensive, invasive, and expensive search for the etiology. Vitamin D deficiency has not been historically included in the differential of tremors. We report a shivering, jittery newborn who was subjected to a battery of testing, with the only biochemical abnormality being vitamin D deficiency. A second case had chin tremors and vitamin D deficiency. Review of our patients suggests that shudders, shivers, jitteriness, or tremors may be the earliest sign of vitamin D deficiency in the newborn. Neonates who present with these signs should be investigated for vitamin D deficiency.

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Vitamin D deficiency in pregnant women of ethnic minority: a potential contributor to preeclampsia

Abstract: Pregnant women of ethnic minority had lower median vitamin D levels which may contribute to a potential risk for preeclampsia.

Cited by 31 publications

References 43 publications

Accounting for diverse evolutionary forces reveals the mosaic nature of selection on genomic regions associated with human preterm birth

Accounting for diverse evolutionary forces reveals the mosaic nature of selection on genomic regions associated with human preterm birth

Maternal Vitamin D Status among Different Ethnic Groups and Its Potential Contribution to Adverse Pregnancy and Child Outcomes

Benign Neonatal Shudders, Shivers, Jitteriness, or Tremors: Early Signs of Vitamin D Deficiency

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