Vitamin-D Deficiency Predicts Infections in Young North Indian Children: A Secondary Data Analysis

Chowdhury, Ranadip; Taneja, Sunita; Bhandari, Nita; Sinha, Bireshwar; Upadhyay, Ravi Prakash; Bhan, Maharaj Kishan; Strand, Tor A.

doi:10.20944/preprints201611.0049.v1

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…involving children 3 months-12 years of age showed that 40.25% of children were Vitamin D deficient (<20 ng/ml) which was lower than our reported prevalence [20]. In contrast, two studies from Delhi reported lower prevalence of Vitamin D deficiency than our study [21,22]. A study by Ray et al enrolled 72 infants aged 9-10 months who were term healthy and breastfed till 6 months.…”

Section: Vol 7 | Issue 12 | December 2020contrasting

confidence: 80%

“…Vitamin D deficiency (<20 ng/ml) was observed only in 34.7% of infants [21]. Similarly, a study by Chowdhury et al among 6-30 months old infants from New Delhi, the prevalence of Vitamin D deficiency (<10 ng/ml) was seen in 34.5% of cases which is again lower than the 45.2% observed in our study [22]. The prevalence of Vitamin D deficiency in current literature is marked by variability of underlying cutoff values and analytical methods used for the assessment of Vitamin D levels making it difficult to make direct comparisons between studies [10,23,24].…”

Section: Vol 7 | Issue 12 | December 2020supporting

confidence: 50%

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Vitamin D deficiency prevalence among healthy term infants at the age of 4–6 months: A cross-sectional observational study from tertiary care hospital setting

Karuru¹,

Bharti²,

Verma³

et al. 2021

Indian J Child Health

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itamin D has harnessed vast attention in medical research as well as clinical practice for the past few decades [1][2][3]. Role of Vitamin D has indeed expanded from bone health to a myriad of physiological as well as pathological conditions in humans. Classic childhood signature statement of Vitamin D deficiency (VDD) is a disorder called rickets which disproportionately targets growing bones [4][5][6][7]. Vitamin D deficiency with a resurgence of rickets is increasingly being reported in infants and toddlers from various parts of the world, especially from temperate regions and among African-American and Indian children [2][3][4][5]. A series of studies from different parts of our country have also pointed towards widespread VDD in Asian Indians of all age groups including neonates, toddlers, schoolchildren, pregnant women, and adults [8][9][10][11]. Most studies published from India showing wide ranging VDD (75-90%) had mainly focused on pregnant women, newborn babies, schoolchildren, and adolescents [12][13][14].Although Indian Academy of Pediatrics "Guideline for Vitamin D and Calcium in Children" Committee has recommended daily Vitamin D supplementation of 400 IU for infants beyond neonatal period [15], studies evaluating Vitamin D levels of infants before the initiation of complementary feeding are limited [16]. In a study by Seth et al., Vitamin D levels of exclusively breastfed infants and their mothers (n=180) were studied, but the age of the group of 4-6 months infants was less than one-fourth of the total study cohort and they did not study infants on breast milk substitutes [16]. In this backdrop, our study aimed to estimate prevalence of Vitamin D deficiency in healthy infants at 4-6 months of age (a period immediately before initiation of complementary feeding) attending tertiary care center for routine OPD consultations. In addition, we explored the demographic, anthropometric, and feeding related factors associated with Vitamin D deficiency in these young infants. MATERIALS AND METHODSWe carried out a cross-sectional survey in pediatric outpatient department of a tertiary care North Indian hospital between April

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Section: Vol 7 | Issue 12 | December 2020contrasting

confidence: 80%

Section: Vol 7 | Issue 12 | December 2020supporting

confidence: 50%

Vitamin D deficiency prevalence among healthy term infants at the age of 4–6 months: A cross-sectional observational study from tertiary care hospital setting

Karuru¹,

Bharti²,

Verma³

et al. 2021

Indian J Child Health

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“…Some of studies reported the association between vitamin D level and viral infections. A study evaluating Indian children found that acute lower respiratory infection was significantly higher among children with vitamin-D deficiency in a six-month follw-up time (22). Banajeh investigated 79 cases between 2-59 months and found that vitamin D deficiency was associated with reduced circulating neutrophils and hypoxemia (23).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamin D Levels of COVID-19 Positive Sypmtomatic Pediatric Cases

Söbü¹,

Karaaslan²,

Çetin³

et al. 2021

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Introduction:Vitamin D is known as a vitamin but also it acts as a prohormone and has many functions. The aim of this study is to investigate the vitamin D levels in pediatric patients with COVID-19. Materials and Methods: A retrospective study was performed in a tertiary education and research hospital in Istanbul, Turkey during the period of Marcht o April 2020. Children diagnosed with symptomatic COVID-19 infection were included in the study. Demographic, clinical and laboratory findings were recorded from patient charts retrospectively. All patients investigated for vitamin D levels. Control group consists of healthy children admitted to pediatric outpatient units for routine check-up in the same season.Thirty children with COVID-19 and 82 healthy children included in this study were compared due to 25-OH vitamin D levels. Results: The median age of COVID-19 positive patients was 11.8 (1.8-17.6) years and the median age of control group was 12.7 (1-16.4) years old. There were 15 (50%) females and 15 (50%) males in infected group and there were 39 (47.5%) females and 43 (52.5%) males control group. Age and gender did not differ among the groups. Median vitamin D level in COVID-19 positive group was 8.9 ng/ml (3-42 ng/ml) and 18.5 ng/ml (9-40.7 ng/ml) in control group. We detected significantly lower vitamin D values in COVID19(+) group when compared with control group (p<0.001). CT was performed 19 patients in COVID-19 positive group and viral pneumonia was detected in 12(63%) of 19. pneumonia (+) group a 17.4-years-old female patient and a 13.1-years-old male patient had low phosphorus levels by age (2.2 and 2.4 mg/dl). Both of them needed high flow oxygen therapy. None of the other cases needed oxygen therapy. Conclusions: This is the first study to date has measured vitamin D levels in children with COVID-19 in Turkey. We detected significantly lower vitamin D values in COVID-19(+) hospitalized children. ÖzGiriş: D vitamini bir vitamin olarak bilinmesine rağmen aynı zamanda bir prohormon görevi görür ve birçok işlevi vardır. Çalışmamızda COVID-19 enfeksiyonu tanısı ile izlenen pediyatrik hastalarda D vitamini düzeylerinin değerlendirilmesi amaçlandı. Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmamız Mart-Nisan 2020 tarihlerinde İstanbul'da bir 3. basamak eğitim ve araştırma hastanesinde gerçekleştirildi. Semptomatik COVID-19 enfeksiyonu tanısı alan çocuklar çalışmaya dahil edildi. Demografik, klinik ve laboratuvar bulgular retrospektif olarak hasta dosyalarından kaydedildi. Tüm hastaların D vitamini seviyeleri değerlendirildi. Kontrol grubu aynı mevsimde pediyatri polikliniğine rutin kontrol için başvuran sağlıklı çocuklardan oluşturuldu. Otuz COVID (+) ve 82 sağlıklı çocuk 25-OH vitamin D düzeyleri açısından karşılaştırıldı.

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“…Being underweight, which was also found in our analysis, is one of the risk factors. Other factors include deficiencies of micronutrients such as vitamin D and Zn (27)(28)(29) that are common in severely malnourished children.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High burden of co-morbidity and mortality among severely malnourished children admitted to outpatient therapeutic programme facilities in the conflict setting of Borno, Nigeria: a retrospective review

Chamla¹,

Oladeji²,

Maduanusi³

et al. 2019

Public Health Nutr.

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ObjectiveTo present evidence on the burden and outcomes of co-morbidities among severely malnourished (SAM) children admitted to outpatient therapeutic programme (OTP) facilities in the conflict setting of Borno, Nigeria.DesignRetrospective medical chart review.SettingFacility-based study.ParticipantsChildren aged 6–59 months with SAM enrolled in OTP between June and November 2016 whose medical records were analysed. Only pneumonia and diarrhoea were examined due to data limitations. Stata software was used for descriptive, multivariate and survival analyses.ResultsRecords of 396 children with median age of 15 months were identified and analysed from the date of enrolment to exit from OTP. Mean length of stay in OTP was 61d, with co-infected SAM children having shorter stay (P=0·006). Of the total, 148 (37·4 %) had at least one co-morbidity (pneumonia or diarrhoea), of which thirty-nine (26·4 %) had both. Cumulative rate of mortality during follow-up time was 9·5 (95 % CI 6·0, 15·1) per 10 000 child-days; SAM children with co-morbidities were ten times more likely to die than those without (hazard ratio=10·2; 95 % CI 3·4, 31·0). In multivariable analysis, co-morbidity (P=0·01), oedema (P=0·003), dehydration (P=0·02) and weight on admission (P=0·01) were associated with mortality. Both recovery and defaulter rates (57·8 and 36·1 %, respectively) did not meet SPHERE standards.ConclusionsChildren with SAM and co-morbidities are less likely to survive, presenting a significant barrier in improving child survival. The findings call for integrated OTP models that incorporate clinical algorithms and ensure prompt referral for SAM children with co-morbidity.

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Vitamin-D Deficiency Predicts Infections in Young North Indian Children: A Secondary Data Analysis

Cited by 5 publications

References 39 publications

Vitamin D deficiency prevalence among healthy term infants at the age of 4–6 months: A cross-sectional observational study from tertiary care hospital setting

Vitamin D deficiency prevalence among healthy term infants at the age of 4–6 months: A cross-sectional observational study from tertiary care hospital setting

Vitamin D Levels of COVID-19 Positive Sypmtomatic Pediatric Cases

High burden of co-morbidity and mortality among severely malnourished children admitted to outpatient therapeutic programme facilities in the conflict setting of Borno, Nigeria: a retrospective review

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