Vitamin D Does Not Play a Functional Role in Adipose Tissue Development in Rodent Models

Schutkowski, Alexandra; Max, Daniela; Bönn, Markus; Brandsch, Corinna; Grundmann, Sarah M.; Hirche, Frank; Staege, Martin S.; Stangl, Gabriele I.

doi:10.1002/mnfr.201700726

Cited by 12 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…The lean phenotype and defective cellular adipogenesis in the VDR -null mice become apparent with age [ 32 ] and reduction in adipocyte size is observed in older (1 year) but not in young (21 days) mice [ 35 ]. Further, maternal vitamin D deficiency does not impact adipose tissue development in offspring [ 35 36 ]. These results indicate that deficiency of VDR does not affect fat deposition during early development.…”

Section: Vitamin D and Adipose Biologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These results indicate that deficiency of VDR does not affect fat deposition during early development. Age-associated lean phenotype in the VDR -null mice may be due to the fact that 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 -VDR decreases energy expenditure through uncoupling process [ 13 ] and age-associated alopecia [ 35 ].…”

Section: Vitamin D and Adipose Biologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Further, overexpression of human VDR in mouse adipose tissues reduced expression of genes involved in the regulation of FA transport, thermogenesis, and lipolysis and suppressed FA oxidation and lipolysis [ 34 ]. Some of these phenotypes may have been mediated by indirect catabolic effects of VDR on whole body energy homeostasis [ 13 35 ].…”

Section: Vitamin D and Adipose Biologymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Vitamin D regulation of adipogenesis and adipose tissue functions

2020

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Vitamin D insufficiency is associated with obesity and its related metabolic diseases. Adipose tissues store and metabolize vitamin D and expression levels of vitamin D metabolizing enzymes are known to be altered in obesity. Sequestration of vitamin D in large amount of adipose tissues and low vitamin D metabolism may contribute to the vitamin D inadequacy in obesity. Vitamin D receptor is expressed in adipose tissues and vitamin D regulates multiple aspects of adipose biology including adipogenesis as well as metabolic and endocrine function of adipose tissues that can contribute to the high risk of metabolic diseases in vitamin D insufficiency. We will review current understanding of vitamin D regulation of adipose biology focusing on vitamin D modulation of adiposity and adipose tissue functions as well as the molecular mechanisms through which vitamin D regulates adipose biology. The effects of supplementation or maintenance of vitamin D on obesity and metabolic diseases are also discussed.

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Section: Vitamin D and Adipose Biologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Vitamin D and Adipose Biologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Vitamin D and Adipose Biologymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Vitamin D regulation of adipogenesis and adipose tissue functions

2020

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“…Interestingly, a recent VDR-knockout study report did not support a fundamental role for vitamin D in adipogenesis (Schutkowski et al 2018). While VDR knockouts represent a valuable genetic model of completely obliterated genomic vitamin D activity, these models may not recapitulate the consequences of dietinduced VDD, which better mimic human VDD with loss of both genomic and non-genomic effects, allowing also for potential physiological adaptations to low vitamin D provision (Narvaez et al 2009, Kong et al 2013, Narvaez et al 2013.…”

Section: Adipogenesis and Dohad Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal vitamin D deficiency and developmental origins of health and disease (DOHaD)

Ideraabdullah

Belenchia

Rosenfeld

et al. 2019

Journal of Endocrinology

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Vitamin D is an essential nutrient that is metabolized in the body to generate an active metabolite (1,25(OH)2D) with hormone-like activity and highly diverse roles in cellular function. Vitamin D deficiency (VDD) is a prevalent but easily preventable nutritional disturbance. Emerging evidence demonstrates the importance of sufficient vitamin D concentrations during fetal life with deficiencies leading to long-term effects into adulthood. Here, we provide a detailed review and perspective of evidence for the role of maternal VDD in offspring long-term health, particularly as it relates to developmental origins of health and disease (DOHaD). We focus on the roles in neurobehavioral and cardiometabolic disorders in humans and highlight recent findings from zebrafish and rodent models that probe potential mechanisms linking early life VDD to later life health outcomes. Moreover, we explore evidence implicating epigenetic mechanisms as a mediator of this link. Gaps in our current understanding of how maternal VDD might result in deleterious offspring outcomes later in life are also addressed.

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“…To elucidate whether Vdr deficiency was associated with cardiac hypertrophy or impaired cardiac function independently of blood pressure, we assessed heart weight, cardiac myocyte morphology, and heart function via echocardiography. Findings from a previous study that revealed that Vdr –/– mice have an increased energy expenditure due to alopecia were confirmed (Schutkowski et al, 2018). As we did not find any differences in blood pressure, cardiac morphology and heart function between Vdr –/– and Vdr +/+ mice, we assume that vitamin D does not have an independent causal role in cardiac morphology.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

Vitamin D Receptor Deficiency Does Not Affect Blood Pressure and Heart Function

et al. 2019

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Vitamin D is thought to play a role in blood pressure regulation, which in turn can influence cardiovascular risk. Several meta-analyses of cohort studies found low serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D to be associated with increased blood pressure or increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in the general population. Active vitamin D mediates its function via the vitamin D receptor (Vdr), which is a ligand-activated transcription factor. A suitable model to examine the causal role of vitamin D in blood pressure regulation and heart function is the Vdr knockout (Vdr –/– ) mouse. To elucidate the role of vitamin D on blood pressure, heart function, and cardiac myocyte size, we conducted a long-term study using Vdr –/– mice and well-defined diets. Group 1 comprised Vdr –/– mice that received a high-calcium, high-phosphorus rescue diet to prevent hypocalcemia and a rickets phenotype. Groups 2 and 3 included Vdr +/+ mice that were fed either the rescue diet or a control diet containing normal amounts of these minerals. As Vdr is a nuclear factor that regulates transcription, we analyzed the renal mRNA expression and serum concentration of renin and found that the Vdr –/– group had an almost 50% higher renin mRNA expression in the kidney compared to both groups of Vdr +/+ mice. Additionally, serum concentration of renin in Vdr –/– mice was significantly higher than that of Vdr +/+ mice that received the rescue or control diet (+ 17%,+ 32%; P < 0.05). In contrast, renin activity was lower in Vdr –/– mice than in both groups of Vdr +/+ mice ( P < 0.05). However, blood pressure, heart rate, cardiac myocyte sizes, and the expression of renal renin receptor, hepatic angiotensinogen and angiotensin II receptor, type 1, in kidney, liver and heart, did not differ between the three groups of mice. Additionally, data from transthoracic echocardiography did not indicate the role of Vdr on heart function, as the left ventricular ejection fraction, fractional shortening, and velocity of blood flow were comparable between the three groups. To conclude, the roles of Vdr and therefore most probably of vitamin D, in blood pressure regulation and heart function, were not confirmed by our findings.

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Vitamin D Does Not Play a Functional Role in Adipose Tissue Development in Rodent Models

Abstract: Data indicate that vitamin D does not play a fundamental role in adipogenesis because vitamin D does not affect fetal adipogenesis. Moreover, the smaller adipocytes observed in adult Vdr-KO mice are presumably caused by an increased energy expenditure due to alopecia.

Cited by 12 publications

References 30 publications

Vitamin D regulation of adipogenesis and adipose tissue functions

Vitamin D regulation of adipogenesis and adipose tissue functions

Maternal vitamin D deficiency and developmental origins of health and disease (DOHaD)

Vitamin D Receptor Deficiency Does Not Affect Blood Pressure and Heart Function

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