Vitamin D Insufficiency in Patients With Acute Hip Fractures of All Ages and Both Sexes in a Sunny Climate

Abstract

Prognostic level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.

Hypovitaminosis D and Other Risk Factors of Femoral Neck Fracture in South Indian Postmenopausal Women: A Pilot Study

“…Low 25 (OH) vitamin-D levels have been documented in various studies on hip fracture [2,11,[24][25][26][27]. A high prevalence of vitamin-D deficiency and secondary hyperparathyroidism noted in our patients with recent hip fracture implies that these subjects were vitamin-D deficient even before the occurrence of fracture.…”

Vitamin D serum levels are associated with handgrip strength but not with muscle mass or length of hospital stay after hip fracture

“…The Fisher and Belle formula was used to estimate the required sample size using the following variables: 60% risk for vitamin D inadequacy (40-80%) in patients with hip fracture, 95% confidence interval and 10% sample error [10,15]. The result was 92 patients.…”

“…Classical actions of vitamin D include intestinal calcium absorption by aiding the active transport of this ion through the enterocytes, bone resorption, and calcium reabsorption at the distal renal tubules in the presence of parathormone [10,11]. However, currently, beyond these known effects, data from ecological and observational studies have demonstrated associations between vitamin D deficiency and cancer, cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, and all-cause mortality [9].…”

“…Vitamin D deficiency also increases osteoporosis risk and consequently hip fractures [9][10][11]. In addition to osteoporosis, vitamin D deficiency also affects muscle strength and is associated with increased falls in older patients [12].…”

Optimising Vitamin D Levels after Hip Fractures

“…The reported prevalence of vitamin D deficiency following hip fracture, dependent on racial groups and gender, ranges from 65.8 to 96.7% [20,21] and, in up to 32% of cases, is complicated by secondary hyperparathyroidism (PTH > 5.25 pmol/L in the presence of hypovitaminosis D). Furthermore, soon after hip fracture surgery (at 2 weeks), 25-OHD levels can decrease after hip fracture despite standard oral vitamin D treatment (of 1000 IU daily) compared with higher replacement doses (Figure 2 [10]).…”