Vitamin D levels and mortality with SARS-COV-2 infection: a retrospective two-centre cohort study

Zafar, Mansoor; Karkhanis, Mangala; Shahbaz, Muhammad; Khanna, Alisha; Barry, Lucinda; Alam, Saba; Lawrence, Kamal; Pun, Bipin; Eldebri, Reem; Makanjuola, O. A.; Šafářová, Dana; Farooq, Mariya; Nooredinavand, Hesam; Cuison, F.; Subba, Karuna; Randhawa, Ratan; Hegner, Johannes; Ojofeitimi, Oluwamayowa; Elyasaky, A.; Adekunle, B. A.; Periasamy, M.; Abdelbagi, Mohamed; Zare, Maryam; Khuu, Bao; Morete, Andreia Esteves; Ciroi, Giulio; Moran, S.; O'Neill, William A; Zafar, M.; Zafar, Nadiyah; Patel, Mirej; Golez, R.; Hadid, A.; Muhammad, Tila; Mayhead, Philip; Whitehead, M.; Dashora, Umesh

doi:10.1136/postgradmedj-2021-140564

Cited by 11 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Retrospective cohort studies by Zafar et al have recently published work comparing the outcomes of COVID-19 mortality associated with high HbA1c levels, low Vitamin D levels, and low lymphocyte counts. They have concluded that there are more associations with increased mortality and the cumulative sum of comorbidities rather than absolute blood or serum counts for vitamin D levels and lymphocyte counts [19,20]. These researches point towards more association of comorbidity towards increased mortality.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Complexities of Long-Term Care With Gastro-Jejunal (GJ) Feeding Tubes and Enteral Migration During COVID-19 Pandemic Times: A Case Report

Zafar¹,

Saddler²,

Parvin³

et al. 2022

Cureus

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Gastro-jejunostomy tubes, or percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy tubes with jejunal extension (PEG-J), hold a significant role in the long-term nutritional management of patients with poor oral intake. This can be for a variety of reasons; ranging from metabolic conditions, including diabetes mellitus, inherited or congenital conditions like Ehler Danlos syndrome, or patients with neurological disorders, such as stroke, advanced Parkinson's disease or multiple sclerosis. Although they are very helpful for the overall nutritional needs of such patients, they are associated with complications, including the dislodging of jejunal tubes. The need to promptly recognise, investigate and manage this, in a timely manner, is vital, particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic times, as such patients may be associated with multiple comorbidities.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Complexities of Long-Term Care With Gastro-Jejunal (GJ) Feeding Tubes and Enteral Migration During COVID-19 Pandemic Times: A Case Report

Zafar¹,

Saddler²,

Parvin³

et al. 2022

Cureus

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“…A number of studies have suggested an association of co-morbidities with the COVID-19 infection [5][6][7][8].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 Vaccine-Induced Pneumonitis, Myositis and Myopericarditis

Farooq¹,

Mohammed²,

Zafar³

et al. 2022

Cureus

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A 63-year-old male, with no significant past history and not on any regular medications previously, had mild respiratory symptoms post the first dose of the AstraZeneca (Cambridge, England) coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine, which were self-limiting. Following the second dose of the vaccine, he arrived at the emergency department (ED) with worsening shortness of breath.During this admission, he was assumed to have interstitial lung disease due to a possible past history of occupational exposure. He responded to a short-term course of corticosteroids and antibiotics and was discharged home.However, he reported again to the emergency department three weeks later, with persistent dyspnoea along with myalgia. His blood tests and imaging from scans suggested myositis, pneumonitis, and myopericarditis. Since he recently had the COVID-19 AstraZeneca vaccine, it was postulated as the most likely cause of the symptoms. He was managed with intravenous (IV) corticosteroids followed by oral corticosteroids with symptom resolution.

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“…Similarly, Alsafar et al [ 11 ] showed that gender and comorbidities did not contribute to the mortality. However, in a retrospective two-center cohort study in UK including 433 COVID-19 patients, non-survivors were significantly older and more likely to have comorbidities [ 21 ]. This goes in line with a Brazilian study that had indicated a statistically significant correlation between mortality and both diabetes mellitus and hypertension [ 12 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum vitamin D level in COVID-19 patients and its correlation with disease severity

Morad

Habeeb²,

Yassin³

et al. 2022

Egypt Rheumatol Rehabil

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Background Severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infections are associated with increased levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) and several pro-inflammatory cytokines leading to cytokine storm. Vitamin D has been proved to be associated with biological activities of the innate and adaptive immune systems. There is a growing number of data showing an association between serum vitamin D level and the different clinical outcomes of COVID-19 infection. Our aim is to evaluate the relation between serum vitamin D levels and the severity and mortality of COVID-19 infection in an Egyptian cohort. Results The study included 80 COVID-19 patients, 38 males (47.5%) and 42 females (52.5%), with a mean age of 52 ± 11.4 years (18–80 years). The serum vitamin D levels ranged between 2 and 30 ng/mL with a mean of 12.05 ± 9.04. Patients who were intubated had the lowest levels of serum vitamin D (7.26 ng/ml ± 5.21), while patients who had no need for oxygen supply had the highest levels (20.00 ng/ml ± 9.23) (P = 0.025). A highly significant negative correlation was found between serum vitamin D level and each of CRP and serum ferritin (r = − 0.346 and − 0.313) (P = 0.002 and 0.005). Of the enrolled 80 patients, 63 (79%) recovered (group 1) and 17 (21%) died (group 2). Group 2 had significantly lower vitamin D levels (6.17 ng/mL ± 3.22) and hemoglobin (10.75 ± 1.74) than group 1 patients (13.63ng/mL ± 9.46) (12.10 ± 1.85) (P = 0.002 and 0.009 respectively). Conclusion Serum vitamin D levels are significantly lower in patients needing mechanical ventilation, and in deceased patients, and are inversely related to the inflammatory markers CRP and serum ferritin, suggesting a relation between vitamin D insufficiency and poor COVID-19 outcome.

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Vitamin D levels and mortality with SARS-COV-2 infection: a retrospective two-centre cohort study

Cited by 11 publications

References 21 publications

Complexities of Long-Term Care With Gastro-Jejunal (GJ) Feeding Tubes and Enteral Migration During COVID-19 Pandemic Times: A Case Report

Complexities of Long-Term Care With Gastro-Jejunal (GJ) Feeding Tubes and Enteral Migration During COVID-19 Pandemic Times: A Case Report

COVID-19 Vaccine-Induced Pneumonitis, Myositis and Myopericarditis

Serum vitamin D level in COVID-19 patients and its correlation with disease severity

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